《大学英语》课程教学资源（写作技巧）论段落的展开5/6

轮段落的展开5按空间展开我们有时需要对一个地方进行一番描述，不论我们要描述的是一个大国家还是一个小房间，我们都要先确定描述的顺序。要做到这一点，就要先搞清楚所要描述的地方的一些细节，它们之间的方位关系如何，从哪一个角度开始展开描述比较清楚等。对一个地方的描述最忌讳杂乱无章无章，使读者摸不着头脑。请看下面的范文：范文In the middle of the rectangular shaped courtyard stood three magnolia trees, all in full bloom. Alittle girl was hopping among them, nowgazing at a bud, now collecting fallen petals.Under oneofthe trees stood her parents, who, while keeping an eye on her, were examining the milk-whiteblossoms with great interest and admiration.In front of another tree a young couple, fresh andbright as the flowers, was posingfor a picture.At one end of the courtyard a group of youngstershadgathered behind an artistpaintingaflourishing limb,which looked so charmingand real thataboystoopedtosniffatahalfopenflower.Attheoppositeendafewelderlymenandwomen stoodadmiring the leafless flowering trees and the people looking at them,-Student【分析】在上面这个段落里，作者从院子中心的几棵树写起。接着又写在树底下和树周围的人们（thegirl,herparents andtheyoungcouple)的活动，最后描写离树比较远的、在院子两端的人群（theartistandtheyoungstersbehindhim，andtheelderlymenandwomen).作者用从中心到边缘的顺序来描写一个小院子，使文章显得错落有致，条理清晰。范文Mr, Cook, a renowned American historian, arranges five books on his bookshelves in a uniqueway. In the upper right hand corner, there are books about the development of the early colonies in

轮段落的展开 5 按空间展开 我们有时需要对一个地方进行一番描述，不论我们要描述的是一个大国家还是一个小房间， 我们都要先确定描述的顺序。要做到这一点，就要先搞清楚所要描述的地方的一些细节，它 们之间的方位关系如何，从哪一个角度开始展开描述比较清楚等。 对一个地方的描述最忌 讳杂乱无章无章，使读者摸不着头脑。请看下面的范文： 范文 In the middle of the rectangular shaped courtyard stood three magnolia trees, all in full bloom. A little girl was hopping among them, now gazing at a bud, now collecting fallen petals. Under one of the trees stood her parents, who, while keeping an eye on her, were examining the milk-white blossoms with great interest and admiration. In front of another tree a young couple, fresh and bright as the flowers, was posing for a picture. At one end of the courtyard a group of youngsters had gathered behind an artist painting a flourishing limb, which looked so charming and real that a boy stooped to sniff at a half open flower. At the opposite end a few elderly men and women stood admiring the leafless flowering trees and the people looking at them. —Student 【分析】 在上面这个段落里，作者从院子中心的几棵树写起。接着又写在树底下和树周围的人们（the girl, her parents and the young couple)的活动，最后描写离树比较远的、在院子两端的人群（the artist and the youngsters behind him, and the elderly men and women).作者用从中心到边缘的顺 序来描写一个小院子，使文章显得错落有致，条理 清晰。 范文 Mr. Cook, a renowned American historian, arranges five books on his bookshelves in a unique way. In the upper right hand corner, there are books about the development of the early colonies in

New England and the War of Independence, Right under them can be found books on the slavetrade,theplantation system and thegrowth of the southern states.The left side of the shelfcontains hundreds of books concerning subjects of theWestward Movement, Indian culture,thecowboys' contributions to American society and the Gold Rush in California.From the descriptionabove, one can see that Mr. Cook regards his bookshelves as a map of the U.S. and arranges hishistory books accordingly. It is odd, but it is convenient.-Student【分析】该段文字对藏书摆法的描述简单明了，令人一目了然。描述的顺序是从书架的右上方到右下方，然后再描述书架的左边。表示空间的常用词语where, in which, to which, from which'etc.under, below, beneath, down; over, above, up, on the top of, inside, beside, etc.along, through, as far as, etc.north, northern, south, southern, etc.to the left, to the right, to the north, etc.on the left, on the right, etc,at the back, in front, in the middle, etc.here, in the distance, beyond, further, etc,next to, close to, near toparallel, parallel to, perpendicular to planeopposite to,overlappingpyramid, exterior, space, surfacerectanglesemicircleslopeverticalhorizontalintersection

New England and the War of Independence, Right under them can be found books on the slave trade，the plantation system and the growth of the southern states. The left side of the shelf contains hundreds of books concerning subjects of the Westward Movement, Indian culture, the cowboys' contributions to American society and the Gold Rush in California. From the description above, one can see that Mr. Cook regards his bookshelves as a map of the U.S. and arranges his history books accordingly. It is odd, but it is convenient. —Student 【分析】 该段文字对藏书摆法的描述简单明了，令人一目了然。描述的顺序是从书架的右 上方到右 下方，然后再描述书架的左边。 表示空间的常用词语 where, in which, to which, from which’ etc. under, below, beneath, down; over, above, up, on the top of; inside, beside, etc. along, through, as far as, etc. north, northern, south, southern, etc. to the left, to the right, to the north，etc. on the left, on the right, etc, at the back, in front, in the middle, etc. here, in the distance, beyond, further, etc. next to, close to, near to parallel, parallel to, perpendicular to plane opposite to, overlapping, pyramid, exterior, space, surface rectangle semicircle slope vertical horizontal intersection