同济大学：《水资源管理》课程教学资源（教案讲义）06 Water Resource Management - Sponge City

Contents Part 1:Overview:concepts,principles, methodologies and applications Part 2:Stormwater quantity management programs,methodologies Part 3:Stormwater quality management programs,methodologies;Rainwater Harvesting

Contents • Part 1: Overview: concepts, principles, methodologies and applications • Part 2: Stormwater quantity management programs, methodologies • Part 3: Stormwater quality management programs, methodologies; Rainwater Harvesting

References Debo,Thomas N.Municipal stormwater management/2nd ed.Lewis Publishers,c2003 Scott Slaney.Stormwater Management for Sustainable Urban Environments,images Publishing,2017. Municipal Stormwater Stormwater Management 基础施 Management Second Edition for Sustainable Urban Environments Stormwater 器兴 海绵城市基础设施 Management 雨洪管理手册 for Sustainable Thomas N.DeboFindrew )Reese Urban Environments LEWIS PUBLISHERS M家智

References • Debo,Thomas N. Municipal stormwater management/ 2nd ed. Lewis Publishers, c2003. • Scott Slaney. Stormwater Management for Sustainable Urban Environments, images Publishing, 2017

PART 1 > What is a Sponge City? What are the key issues the Sponge City wants to solve? >What does a Sponge City need in practise? What are the benefits of a Sponge City? > Progress of the Sponge City construction in China

PART 1 ➢ What is a Sponge City? ➢ What are the key issues the Sponge City wants to solve? ➢ What does a Sponge City need in practise? ➢ What are the benefits of a Sponge City? ➢ Progress of the Sponge City construction in China

City and Water The Water Cycle Volcanic steam Atmosphere Condensation Sublimation Ice and f snow Precipitation Desublimation Evapotranspiration Evaporation Fog drip Surface Snowmelt runoff runoff Dew ation Streamflow Evaporation epage 个 Spring Flora and fauna Fresh- Plant water uptake Oceans Groundwater flow Vents and Groundwater storage volcanos

City and Water

Links within the urban water cycle Stormwater >Water quality >Sewer capacities >Potential resource >Water treatment standards The Urban Water Cycle Water supply Wastewater >Potential resource Grey water >Wastewater volume

Links within the urban water cycle Stormwater Wastewater Grey water Water supply ➢ Water quality ➢ Potential resource ➢ Sewer capacities ➢ Water treatment standards ➢ Potential resource ➢ Wastewater volume The Urban Water Cycle

Impacts of Urbanization on the Water Environment Decrease in forest and grass cover Decrease in water conservation and storage capability Decrease in paddy and pond area>Decrease in rainfall storage capacity Increase in nonpermeable land surface>Decrease in infiltration and increase in runoff Population growth and concentration>Increase in demand for water supply and wastewater treatment Before Urbanization After Urbanization

Before Urbanization After Urbanization Decrease in forest and grass cover ➔ Decrease in water conservation and storage capability Decrease in paddy and pond area ➔ Decrease in rainfall storage capacity Increase in nonpermeable land surface ➔ Decrease in infiltration and increase in runoff Population growth and concentration ➔ Increase in demand for water supply and wastewater treatment Impacts of Urbanization on the Water Environment

How Do Humans Change the Water Cycle? 0 1-3% 4-40% 41-100% .US-impervious surface area/person (297m2)(Range 0-400 m2/person U.S.average 1.05%(Elvidge et al.2007)

How Do Humans Change the Water Cycle? •US - impervious surface area/person (297m2) (Range 0-400 m2/ person ) •U.S. average 1.05% (Elvidge et al. 2007)

Impervious Cover Stream Quality (Center for Watershed Protection) Relationship between Impervious Cover and Stream Quality 70 60 50 Non-supporting (>25%) 40 20 Impacted (11 to 25%) 10 Sensitive (0 to 10%) 0 Good Fair Poor Level of Stream Quality

Impervious Cover & Stream Quality (Center for Watershed Protection) Relationship between Impervious Cover and Stream Quality 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Level of Stream Quality Watershed Impervious Cover (%) Good Fair Poor Non-supporting (>25%) Impacted (11 to 25%) Sensitive (0 to 10%)

Urbanization and Water Water resource scarcity 。Vater pollution 。Urban Waterlogging

Urbanization and Water • Water resource scarcity • Water pollution • Urban Waterlogging