《通用高分子材料》课程教学课件（PPT讲稿）Chapter 4 Rubber（Elastomers）4.1 An introduction 4.2 The structure and properties 4.3 Natural rubber

Chapter 4Rubber(Elastomers)4.1 An introduction4.2 The structure and properties4.3 Natural rubber4.4 General-purpose rubbers4.5 Speciality rubbers4.6 Thermoplastic elastomers(TPR)

Chapter 4 Rubber( Elastomers) 4.1 An introduction 4.2 The structure and properties 4.3 Natural rubber 4.4 General-purpose rubbers 4.5 Speciality rubbers 4.6 Thermoplastic elastomers(TPR)

4.1An introduction:DefinitionWhat are elastomers or rubbers?flexible (lower T.)crosslinked chainsnon or low crystallinity

What are elastomers or rubbers? ▪ flexible (lower Tg ) ▪ crosslinked chains ▪ non or low crystallinity 4.1 An introduction：Definition

Anintroduction:105fiberrigid-104flexibleplasticplasticstress(N/cm*)103elastomer1021002003004005006001strain (%elongation)After Odian,George;Principles ofPoiymerization3rded.,J.Wiley,NewYork,199l,p.34

An introduction：

Classification of elastomersBasedonApplication:General-purpose rubbersSpeciality rubbersBasedonOrigin:NaturalrubberSynthetic rubber

Based on Application: ▪ General-purpose rubbers ▪ Speciality rubbers Based on Origin: ▪Natural rubber ▪Synthetic rubber Classification of elastomers

Classification of elastomersBasedonstructure- Diene polymer: polybutadieneetcPolyisoprene-Others : acrylic rubberfluororubberSilicone rubberpolyurethane rubber

Based on structure ◼ Diene polymer: polybutadiene Polyisoprene etc ▪ Others : acrylic rubber fluororubber Silicone rubber polyurethane rubber Classification of elastomers

4.1.1 The historical development16th century :无法显示该图片。The earliestrubber referenceSAztecgodTlauixcalpantecuhtliburningarubberball

▪16th century : The earliest rubber reference s 4.1.1 The historical development Aztec god Tlauixcalpantecuhtli burning a rubber ball

WHENCOLUMEUS RETURNEDTO SPAIN AFTERHIS SECONDVISIT TO AMERICA HEBROUGHTBACKSAMPLESCFA STRANGESUBSTANCETHATBOUNGEDANOTCLD HOW THENOIANSPLAYEDWTHABALLMACE FROM THISGUMOFATREECartoonof ChristopherColumbus examining a rubber ball

Cartoon of Christopher Columbus examining a rubber ball

4.1.1 The historical development-1736 and 1743:Charlesde la Condamine-1770:JosephPriestleyrecommended thematerial for use as aneraser, or rubber

▪1736 and 1743: Charles de la Condamine ▪1770: Joseph Priestley recommended the material for use as an eraser, or rubber. 4.1.1 The historical development

4.1.1 The historical development-in1823:CharlesMacintoshUsed coal tar naphtha (石脑油)toproduceanimpermeablelaminated materiasuitable forrainproof outer garments

▪in 1823: Charles Macintosh Used coal tar naphtha (石脑油) to produce an impermeable laminated material suitable for rainproof outer garments. 4.1.1 The historical development

4.1.1 The historical development-About 1830 :Thomas Hancockmastication（塑炼）： the breakingdown of the molecules.Compounding（混炼）：with othersandmaterials such as fillers, oilscolours-(thenmoulding （ 模 塑）calendering（压延）and extrusion（挤出)）

▪About 1830 :Thomas Hancock mastication（ 塑炼） : the breaking down of the molecules. Compounding（混炼）: with other materials such as fillers, oils and colours .(then moulding（ 模 塑 ） , calendering（压延） and extrusion （挤 出）) 4.1.1 The historical development