《大学英语》课程PPT教学课件（翻译）第九周课件

第九章正反译法

第九章 正反译法

第九章：翻译技巧一正说反译、反说正译法The English language has its peculiarities in negationOf course, English-speaking people have their own way ofthinking in the negation and expressing negativeimplications. What is affirmative in form in English maybe implied something negative in Chinese, and vice versa.The use of “yes"and “no" is a case in point1, --"Are you not going tomorrow?"--"No, I'm not going.2. “I don't think you're right in this point

The English language has its peculiarities in negation. Of course, English-speaking people have their own way of thinking in the negation and expressing negative implications. What is affirmative in form in English may be implied something negative in Chinese, and vice versa. The use of “yes” and “no” is a case in point. 1. -“Are you not going tomorrow?” -“No, I’m not going.” 2. “I don’t think you’re right in this point.” 第九章：翻译技巧——正说反译、反说正译法 [<]

第九章：翻译技巧正说反译、反说正译法Purposes ofAffirmation and Negationl, to make the meaning clear2. to strengthen the rhetorical effect3. to make it conform to the idiomatic use of the targetlanguage正反、反正汉译技巧是指翻译时突破原文的形式，采用变换语气的办法处理词句，把肯定的译成否定的，把否定的译成肯定的。运用这种技巧可以使译文表达更为顺畅，符合目的语的表达方法，或为了增强语言效果，有时反说正译，或正说反译

Purposes of Affirmation and Negation 1. to make the meaning clear 2. to strengthen the rhetorical effect 3. to make it conform to the idiomatic use of the target language 第九章：翻译技巧——正说反译、反说正译法 [<] ❖ 正反、反正汉译技巧是指翻译时突破原文的形式，采 用变换语气的办法处理词句，把肯定的译成否定的， 把否定的译成肯定的。运用这种技巧可以使译文表达 更为顺畅，符合目的语的表达方法，或为了增强语言 效果，有时反说正译，或正说反译

第九章：翻译技巧正说反译、反说正译法Negation--Affirmation反说正译我们将正译法的使用大致分为三类（一）祈使句中的否定说法有时正译，因为说话人想表达的常常是一个正面的意义Nosmoking!严禁吸烟No deposit will be refundedunless ticketproduced凭票退还押金。Don't lose time inposting thisletter赶快把这封信寄出去

❖ 一、 Negation-Affirmation反说正译： ❖ 我们将正译法的使用大致分为三类。 ❖ （一）祈使句中的否定说法有时正译，因为说话人想表达 的常常是一个正面的意义。 ❖ No smoking! ❖ 严禁吸烟 ❖ No deposit will be refunded unless ticket produced. ❖ 凭票退还押金。 ❖ Don’t lose time in posting this letter. ❖ 赶快把这封信寄出去。 第九章：翻译技巧——正说反译、反说正译法 [<]

第九章：翻译技巧正说反译、反说正译法（二）双重否定正译。Wemustnever stoptaking an optimistic view of life我们对生活要永远抱乐观态度Thesignificanceof theseincidents wasn't lost onus这件事引起了我们的重视。Suchmistakes couldn'tlongescapenotice这类错误迟早会被发觉的。Elliottwastooclever notseethat manyof thepersonswho accepted hisinvitation did so only to get a free mealandthat of thesesome were stupid and some worthless艾略特是一个聪明人。他定能看得出许多接受他邀请的人只是为了来吃一顿不花钱的饭。他知道这些人有的愚不可及，有的则微不足道

❖ （二）双重否定正译。 ❖ We must never stop taking an optimistic view of life. ❖ 我们对生活要永远抱乐观态度。 ❖ The significance of these incidents wasn’t lost on us. ❖ 这件事引起了我们的重视。 ❖ Such mistakes couldn’t long escape notice. ❖ 这类错误迟早会被发觉的。 ❖ Elliott was too clever not see that many of the persons who accepted his invitation did so only to get a free meal and that of these some were stupid and some worthless. ❖ 艾略特是一个聪明人。他定能看得出许多接受他邀请的人 只是为了来吃一顿不花钱的饭。他知道这些人有的愚不可 及，有的则微不足道。 第九章：翻译技巧——正说反译、反说正译法 [<]

第九章：翻译技巧正说反译、反说正译法，（三）有些否定表达在译成汉语时，为了符合目的语的语言习X惯，则需使用正译法。The examination left no doubt that the patient died of cancer检验结果清楚地表明病人死于癌症Even so,I still insistthat for the individual himselfnothing ismore importantthanthis personal,interior sense of rightandwrong即便如此，我仍坚持认为，对个人而言，最重要的莫过于这种根植于个人心灵深处的是非感，以及坚决按这种是非感行事的决心。Hitler'sundisguisedeffortto persecutetheJewsmetwithworld-widecondemnation希特勒对犹太人的露骨迫害行为受到全世界的遣责Mr.Rumsfeld saidthe Soviet Unionwas unprecedentedlyengaged ina missle-buildingprogram拉姆斯菲尔德说，苏联正以空前的规模推行制造导弹的计划

❖ （三）有些否定表达在译成汉语时，为了符合目的语的语言习 惯，则需使用正译法。 ❖ The examination left no doubt that the patient died of cancer. ❖ 检验结果清楚地表明病人死于癌症。 ❖ Even so, I still insist that for the individual himself nothing is more important than this personal, interior sense of right and wrong. ❖ 即便如此，我仍坚持认为，对个人而言，最重要的莫过于这种 根植于个人心灵深处的是非感，以及坚决按这种是非感行事的 决心。 ❖ Hitler’s undisguised effort to persecute the Jews met with world-wide condemnation. ❖ 希特勒对犹太人的露骨迫害行为受到全世界的谴责。 ❖ Mr. Rumsfeld said the Soviet Union was unprecedentedly engaged in a missle-building program. ❖ 拉姆斯菲尔德说，苏联正以空前的规模推行制造导弹的计划。 第九章：翻译技巧——正说反译、反说正译法 [<]

第九章：翻译技巧正说反译、反说正译法1.Isnit funny!真逗！2.When Stephen was introduced to the old couple, they saidsimply, "We've read your article. We expected to meet an3older man当史蒂夫被介绍给这对老年夫妇的时候，他们只是淡淡地说：“我们看过你的文章，但没想到你这么年轻3. The thought of returning to his native land never desertedhim归国的念头始终蔡绕在他的心中

1. Isn’t it funny! 真逗！ 2. When Stephen was introduced to the old couple, they said simply, “We’ve read your article. We expected to meet an older man.” 当史蒂夫被介绍给这对老年夫妇的时候，他们只是淡淡 地说：“我们看过你的文章，但没想到你这么年轻。” 3. The thought of returning to his native land never deserted him. 归国的念头始终萦绕在他的心中。 第九章：翻译技巧——正说反译、反说正译法 [<]

第九章：翻译技巧正说反译、反说正译法L4.lamnever ata lossforaword:Pittisneveratalossforthe word原译：我要找一个词从不感到困难，可是皮特找个恰如其分的词却从不感到困难。改译：我总是能凑合找个词儿说说，可是皮特什么时候都能找到恰如其分的词儿。5.Hethought,not very vividly,of his father andmother.他模模糊糊地想起了父母。6.She isnot in any way homely她相貌可以。BACKNEXT

4.I am never at a loss for a word; Pitt is never at a loss for the word. 原译：我要找一个词从不感到困难，可是皮特找个恰如其 分的词却从不感到困难。 改译：我总是能凑合找个词儿说说，可是皮特什么时候都 能找到恰如其分的词儿。 5.He thought, not very vividly, of his father and mother. 他模模糊糊地想起了父母。 6.She is not in any way homely. 她相貌可以。 第九章：翻译技巧——正说反译、反说正译法 [<]

正说反译、反说正译法第九章：翻译技巧反译有时是必需的，因为说英、汉语的两个民族的思维逻辑和表达方式不同。同一个概念，一个民族正面说，认为是合乎表达习惯的，而另一个民族则认为反着说或换个角度说才顺口。译者必须全面、深入掌握两种语言，才能自觉地和自如地运用反译法这一技巧。theendBACKNEXT

反译有时是必需的，因为说英、汉语的两 个民族的思维逻辑和表达方式不同。同一 个概念，一个民族正面说，认为是合乎表 达习惯的，而另一个民族则认为反着说或 换个角度说才顺口。译者必须全面、深入 掌握两种语言，才能自觉地和自如地运用 反译法这一技巧。 the end 第九章：翻译技巧——正说反译、反说正译法 [<]

第力章：翻译技巧正说反译、反说正译法二.AffirmationNegation正说反译（一）英语中很多词本身就含有否定意义，beyond，absent,stop，bad,avoid,exclude,except,doubt,resistant,refuse,few,little这类词在翻译中要译出它的含有的否定意义。Thewindowrefusestoopen窗户打不开。Childrenwere excluded from getting in thebuilding孩子不许进入这幢楼房Suchachancedeniedme我没有得到这个机会。Theexplanationisprettythin这个解释站不住脚。Ihavefallenbehindwithmycorrespondence我有一些信件没有及时答复Fully clothed,hefell across his bunkand was instantly sleep他衣服也不脱往床铺上横着一躺，很快就睡着了Hewas 75,but hecarriedhisyearslightly他75岁了，可是并不显老

❖ （一）英语中很多词本身就含有否定意义，beyond, absent, stop, bad, avoid, exclude, except, doubt, resistant, refuse, few, little, 这类词在翻译中要译出它的含有的否定意义。 ❖ The window refuses to open. ❖ 窗户打不开。 ❖ Children were excluded from getting in the building. ❖ 孩子不许进入这幢楼房。 ❖ Such a chance denied me. ❖ 我没有得到这个机会。 ❖ The explanation is pretty thin. ❖ 这个解释站不住脚。 ❖ I have fallen behind with my correspondence. ❖ 我有一些信件没有及时答复。 ❖ Fully clothed, he fell across his bunk and was instantly sleep. ❖ 他衣服也不脱往床铺上横着一躺，很快就睡着了。 ❖ He was 75, but he carried his years lightly. ❖ 他75岁了，可是并不显老。 二． Affirmation—Negation 正说反译： 第九章：翻译技巧——正说反译、反说正译法 [<]