《大学英语》课程PPT教学课件（翻译）第11周 语态变换法

第11周周动态变换法

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第五章：翻译技巧（下）一语态变换法Thechangeofthevoices（语态变换法）Among the eight translation techniques, there exist one calledthe change of the voices" Actually, the passive voice is morecommonly used in English than in Chinese, especially in the writingof science and technology. In the sentences in which the doers arenot necessarily told or known, the passive voice is used. Andsometimes for the sake of connection of the context, there occurs thepassive voice. Since the passive structure seldom appears in Chinesemany passive sentences in English have to be turned into activesentences in Chinese. In fact, a translator tries to render the passivesentences into Chinese active sentences as many as possible.2

2 第五章：翻译技巧（下）——语态变换法 The change of the voices（语态变换法） Among the eight translation techniques, there exist one called “the change of the voices”. Actually, the passive voice is more commonly used in English than in Chinese, especially in the writing of science and technology. In the sentences in which the doers are not necessarily told or known, the passive voice is used. And sometimes for the sake of connection of the context, there occurs the passive voice. Since the passive structure seldom appears in Chinese, many passive sentences in English have to be turned into active sentences in Chinese. In fact, a translator tries to render the passive sentences into Chinese active sentences as many as possible

A：把被动语态译成汉语被动句1) The company was enjoined from using falseadvertising这家商号被禁止使用虚假广告。2) Up to now, sulfur dioxide has been regarded asone of the most serious of thesepollutants到目前为止，二氧化硫一直被看作是这些污染物中最严重的一种

3 A . 把被动语态译成汉语被动句 1) The company was enjoined from using false advertising. 这家商号被禁止使用虚假广告。 2) Up to now, sulfur dioxide has been regarded as one of the most serious of these pollutants. 到目前为止，二氧化硫一直被看作是这些污染 物中最严重的一种

3) All around, the hill were black with oiland some were hidden by gas and driftingoil spray四周，由于蒙上了一层油，山峦是黑色的，有的山峦则被天然气和在风中飘洒的喷油遮挡住了。4) The thrust force of an airplane isproduced by the propeller.飞机的推力由螺旋桨所产生

4 3) All around, the hill were black with oil, and some were hidden by gas and drifting oil spray. 四周，由于蒙上了一层油，山峦是黑 色的，有的山峦则被天然气和在风中飘 洒的喷油遮挡住了。 4) The thrust force of an airplane is produced by the propeller. 飞机的推力由螺旋桨所产生

5)Poetsareborn,butoratorsaremade，诗人是天生的，而演说家则是后天造就的 6). Footprints on the sands of time are notmadebysittingdown·沙滩上的足迹是走出来的。。（喻“不身体力行不足以成事”）5

5 • 5) Poets are born, but orators are made. • 诗人是天生的，而演说家则是后天造就的。 • 6). Footprints on the sands of time are not made by sitting down. • 沙滩上的足迹是走出来的。（喻“不身体 力行不足以成事”）

7). In his late thirties he was almost knockeddown in his despondency of theunsuccessful career.近四十岁时，由于事业上的挫折，他几乎为失意所毁。8) The laws of motion will be discussed in thenext articles.运动定律将在下文中予以讨论全6

6 7). In his late thirties he was almost knocked down in his despondency of the unsuccessful career. 近四十岁时，由于事业上的挫折，他几乎 为失意所毁。 8) The laws of motion will be discussed in the next articles. 运动定律将在下文中予以讨论

9) The details of the facade will be furtherfitted up to match the interior.，铺面将进一步加以装修，使之与室内装饰浑然一体

7 • 9) The details of the facade will be further fitted up to match the interior. • 铺面将进一步加以装修，使之与室内装饰 浑然一体

B.把被动语态译成汉语主动句1). His pride must be pinched.他这股傲气应该打下去2).The result of the invention of thestreamengine was that human powerwasreplacedbymechanicalpower.蒸汽机发明的结果是，机械力代替了人力

8 B . 把被动语态译成汉语主动句 • 1). His pride must be pinched. • 他这股傲气应该打下去。 • 2).The result of the invention of the stream engine was that human power was replaced by mechanical power. • 蒸汽机发明的结果是，机械力代替了人 力

3. Heat is required to change ice to water.·冰变成水，就需要热。: 4. At least two quarts of water are requireddaily by a normal individual.，一个正常的人每天至少需要两夸脱的水

9 • 3. Heat is required to change ice to water. • 冰变成水，就需要热。 • 4. At least two quarts of water are required daily by a normal individual. • 一个正常的人每天至少需要两夸脱的水

5.Aview of Mt.Fuji can be obtained fromhere.，从这里可以看到富士山。6.MrBillingscannotbedeterredfromhisplan.（人们）不能阻止比凌斯先生实行他的计划。10

10 • 5.A view of Mt. Fuji can be obtained from here. • 从这里可以看到富士山。 • 6.Mr Billings cannot be deterred from his plan. • （人们）不能阻止比凌斯先生实行他的计 划