浙江大学医学院：《医学史简论 A Brief History of Medicine》课程教学资源（PPT讲稿）人类与传染病的斗争（二）Battles to Infectious Diseases

医学史简论(8) a Brief History of Medicine 浙江大学医学院余海 Zhejiang University School of Medicine

医学史简论（8） A Brief History of Medicine 浙江大学医学院 余 海 Zhejiang University School of Medicine

人类与传染病的斗争(2 Battles to Infectious Diseases(2)

人类与传染病的斗争(2) Battles to Infectious Diseases (2)

Vocabulary of Infectious disease ●疾病,病: disease, ilness, disorder ●疾病预防: Disease prevention ●疫: Epidemic, communicable disease,(瘟 疫 plague) ●防疫: Epidemic prevention ●免疫: Immunity ●免疫学: Immunology ●疫苗: Vaccine ●免疫接种 Vaccination( loculation)

Vocabulary of Infectious disease  疾病，病：disease, illness, disorder  疾病预防：Disease prevention  疫：Epidemic, communicable disease, (瘟 疫 plague)  防疫：Epidemic prevention  免疫：Immunity  免疫学：Immunology  疫苗：Vaccine  免疫接种 Vaccination （Inoculation）

How did we win the battles ● Identify the pathogens- Germ Theory病原理论 o Effective treatment- Vaccine and Antibiotics s 苗和抗菌素 o Prevention and control- public health system 公共卫生

How did we win the battles  Identify the pathogens - Germ Theory 病原理论  Effective treatment – Vaccine and Antibiotics 疫 苗和抗菌素  Prevention and control - Public Health System 公共卫生

Establishment of Germ Theory o De Contagione et Contagiosis Morbis(On infection and infectious diseases, 1546) o He proposed that epidemic diseases are caused by transferable tiny particles or spores"that could transmit infection by direct or indirect contact or even without contact over long distances seet tection Girolamo fracastoro symptom ourses ( italian)14781553 destroy or miasma《西佛里斯一法国疾病 expel see all Syphilis sive de morbo Gallico? dh 52

Establishment of Germ Theory  De Contagione et Contagiosis Morbis(On infection and infectious diseases,1546)  He proposed that epidemic diseases are caused by transferable tiny particles or "spores" that could transmit infection by direct or indirect contact or even without contact over long distances. Girolamo Fracastoro （Italian） 1478-1553 miasma 《西佛里斯──法国疾病 （Syphilis sive de morbo Gallico）》 1521

Establishment of Germ Theory A Dutch cloth merchant used new method or grinding and polishing tiny lenses of great curvature which gave magnifications up to 270 diameters First to see and describe bacteria as animalcules小动物 Leeuwenhoek /*3Yi became the pioneer of microbIology Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 1632-1723 等动

Establishment of Germ Theory Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 1632-1723 A Dutch cloth merchant used new method for grinding and polishing tiny lenses of great curvature which gave magnifications up to 270 diameters First to see and describe bacteria as animalcules 小动物， Leeuwenhoek became the pioneer of microbiology

Establishment of Germ Theory Created germ theory of disease (germ theory vs miasma theory and spontaneous generation) o Created the first vaccine for rabies o Invented pasteurization o he is regarded as one of the three main founders of microbiology, together with 巴斯德1822-1895 Ferdinand Cohn and robert Koch Louis pasteur

Establishment of Germ Theory  Created germ theory of disease, (germ theory vs miasma theory and spontaneous generation)  Created the first vaccine for rabies  Invented Pasteurizaion  He is regarded as one of the three main founders of microbiology, together with Ferdinand Cohn and Robert Koch. 巴斯德 1822-1895 Louis Pasteur

Germ Theory vs Spontaneous generation Theory Do not put forward anything that you cannot prove by experimentation W ait wide) broth Boil No growth Wait Ssa broth Microbial Boil Break stem growth swan-neck flask experiment

Germ Theory vs Spontaneous Generation Theory "Do not put forward anything that you cannot prove by experimentation" swan-neck flask experiment broth broth

Establishment of germ Theory o The nobel Prize in physiology or Medicine 1905 for his investigations and discoveries in relation to tuberculosis He discovered mycobacterium tuberculosis in March 24, that day is designated as World Tuberculosis Day“世界结核病日” 科赫 Robert Koch 1843-1910

Establishment of Germ Theory  The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1905 "for his investigations and discoveries in relation to tuberculosis" He discovered Mycobacterium tuberculosis in March 24，that day is designated as World Tuberculosis Day“世界结核病日” 科赫 Robert Koch 1843－1910

Establishment of Germ Theory Heinrich hermann robert koch 1843-1910) ● German physician o Isolating Bacillus anthracis(1877), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (1882) and Vibrio cholera(1883) o Invented pure culture of bacteria o Development of Koch's postulates

Establishment of Germ Theory Heinrich Hermann Robert Koch (1843-1910）  German physician  Isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (1882) and Vibrio cholera (1883)  Invented pure culture of bacteria  Development of Koch’s postulates