复旦大学公共卫生学院：《预防医学英文班（Preventive Medicine I）》参考讲义_15-Non-communicable disease management

http:/lwww.premed.fudanedu.cn 国家精品课程 探索 创新 da Preventive Medicine Non-communicable disease management 倾听 Sha Tao Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fudan University

Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fudan University http://www.premed.fudan.edu.cn 国 家 精 品 课 程 探索 倾听 思考 创新 Non-communicable disease management Sha Tao

刻 Outline e Noncommunicable diseases ◆ Challenges ◆ Risk factors e Prevention and controls o Self-management of chronic diseases 15June2018 2

Outline  Noncommunicable diseases  Challenges  Risk factors  Prevention and controls  Self-management of chronic diseases 15 June 2018 2

i Noncommunicable diseases(NCDs) e also known as chronic diseases not passed from person to person long duration generally slow progression often lengthy and expensive treatment 15June2018

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs)  also known as chronic diseases – not passed from person to person – long duration – generally slow progression – often lengthy and expensive treatment 15 June 2018 3

Examples? 15June2018

Examples? 15 June 2018 4

i Noncommunicable diseases(NCDs) ◆ Main types Cardiovascular diseases Cancers Chronic respiratory diseases Diabetes 15June2018

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs)  Main types: – Cardiovascular diseases – Cancers – Chronic respiratory diseases – Diabetes 15 June 2018 5

NCDs t Cardiovascular diseases account for most NcD deaths, or 17.5 million people annually, followed by cancers(8.2 million), respiratory diseases(4 million), and diabetes (1.5 million) These 4 groups of diseases account for 82% of all NCd deaths Tobacco use, physical inactivity, the harmful use of alcohol and unhealthy diets all increase the risk of dying from an NCD 15June2018

NCDs  Cardiovascular diseases account for most NCD deaths, or 17.5 million people annually, followed by cancers (8.2 million), respiratory diseases (4 million), and diabetes (1.5 million).  These 4 groups of diseases account for 82% of all NCD deaths.  Tobacco use, physical inactivity, the harmful use of alcohol and unhealthy diets all increase the risk of dying from an NCD. 15 June 2018 6

y The Challenges of NCDs 4 Every day, millions of people with chronic conditions struggle to manage their symptoms e 92% of older adults have at least one chronic condition:77% have at least two t Four chronic conditions--cause almost two thirds of all deaths each year heart disease cancer stroke diabetes 15June2018

The Challenges of NCDs  Every day, millions of people with chronic conditions struggle to manage their symptoms.  92% of older adults have at least one chronic condition; 77% have at least two  Four chronic conditions—cause almost two thirds of all deaths each year. – heart disease – cancer – stroke – diabetes 15 June 2018 7

The Challenges of NCDs o Diabetes affects 12.2 million Americans aged 60+, or 23% of the older population 4 An additional 57 million Americans aged 20+ have pre-diabetes, which increases their risk of developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke 90% of Americans aged 55+ are at risk for hypertension, or high blood pressure. 77% of women aged 75+ have this condition as do 64% of men aged 75+ 15June2018

The Challenges of NCDs  Diabetes affects 12.2 million Americans aged 60+, or 23% of the older population.  An additional 57 million Americans aged 20+ have pre-diabetes, which increases their risk of developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke.  90% of Americans aged 55+ are at risk for hypertension, or high blood pressure. 77% of women aged 75+ have this condition, as do 64% of men aged 75+. 15 June 2018 8

y Key facts NCDs kill 38 million people each year Almost three quarters of NCd deaths-28 million occur in low-and middle-income countries 4 16 million NCd deaths occur before the age of 70: 82% of these"premature"deaths occurred in low-and middle-income countries Chronic conditions make life unmanageable for millions of older adults-and force them to give up their independence too soon 15June2018

Key facts  NCDs kill 38 million people each year.  Almost three quarters of NCD deaths - 28 million - occur in low- and middle-income countries.  16 million NCD deaths occur before the age of 70; 82% of these "premature" deaths occurred in low- and middle-income countries  Chronic conditions make life unmanageable for millions of older adults—and force them to give up their independence too soon. 15 June 2018 9

Life course development in physical capacity and effects of a threshold for independent living. interventions to myrica ensure max peak pacity y 2= Adult interventions to slo rate of decline in capacitv 3= Late life Threshold for 4 interventions to independent living maintain capacity above thresholds 4=remedial therap to restore quality o life e

15 June 2018 10