华南农业大学：《农业生态学》课程教学课件（讲稿）Chapter 1 Introduction Of Agricultural Ecology（2/2）

Why is ecology so important in modern society

Why is ecology so important in modern society

What Is Ecology Ecology is a science which studies the interactions (relationships)between organisms and their environment. 研究生物和环境之间相互关系及其作用机理的学科 (includes the study of distribution and abundance,but encompasses more than that,unless you take a very broad view of those two terms). 主菜单住目录退出个

What Is Ecology What Is Ecology 主菜单主目录 退出 Ecology is a science which studies the interactions (relationships) between organisms and their environment. 研究生物和环境之间相互关系及其作用机理的学科 (includes the study of distribution and abundance, but encompasses more than that, unless you take a very broad view of those two terms)

Interactions between organisms and their environment What criteria can be used for measuring relations and interactions between different components in ecosystems?

Interactions between organisms Interactions between organisms and their environment and their environment What criteria can be used for measuring relations and interactions between different components in ecosystems?

生物 Organisms 1 物质Nutrient (N,P,K) 相互关系 2能量Energy Interactions 3信息Information 环境 Environment 生物与环境之间的相互关系 Interactions between organisms and environment

生物 Organisms 环境 Environment 相互关系 Interactions 1 物质 Nutrient (N, P, K) 2 能量 Energy 3 信息 Information 生物与环境之间的相互关系 Interactions between organisms and environment

Individual organism:How do structure, physiology,and behavior lead to the individual's survival and reproduction? Population:What determines the number of individuals and their variation in time and space? Community:What determines the diversity and relative abundance of organisms living together? Ecosystem:How do energy and matter move in the biotic and abiotic environment? Biosphere:How do air,water,and the energy and chemicals they contain circulate globally?

• Individual organism: How do structure, physiology, and behavior lead to the individual’s survival and reproduction? • Population: What determines the number of individuals and their variation in time and space? • Community: What determines the diversity and relative abundance of organisms living together? • Ecosystem: How do energy and matter move in the biotic and abiotic environment? • Biosphere: How do air, water, and the energy and chemicals they contain circulate globally?

Agricultural Ecology (Agroecology农业生态学) Agroecology is a branch of ecology in agriculture It studies the structure,functions,regulation,and management of agricultural ecosystems.The aim is to develop sustainable agriculture. ·农业生态学是用生态学和系统论的原理和方法，将农 业生物与其自然环境作为一个整体，研究其中的相互 作用、协同演变，以及社会经济环境对其调节控制规 律，促进农业全面持续发展的学科

• Agroecology is a branch of ecology in agriculture. It studies the structure, functions, regulation, and management of agricultural ecosystems. The aim is to develop sustainable agriculture. • 农业生态学是用生态学和系统论的原理和方法,将农 业生物与其自然环境作为一个整体,研究其中的相互 作用、协同演变,以及社会经济环境对其调节控制规 律,促进农业全面持续发展的学科。 Agricultural Ecology Agricultural Ecology （Agroecology Agroecology 农业生态学)

2012 China No.1 Document 1.How to feed the increasing world population? 2.How to produce safe and nutrient food? 3.How to maintain the environmental security and sustainability?

2012 China No.1 Document 2012 China No.1 Document 1. How to feed the increasing world population? 2. How to produce safe and nutrient food? 3. How to maintain the environmental security and sustainability?

Sustainable Agriculture ·“.an integrated system of plant and animal production practices.that will >satisfy human food and fiber needs >enhance environmental quality >make the most efficient use of >nonrenewable resources >sustain economic viability >enhance quality of life." 1990:Farm日用

Sustainable Agriculture Sustainable Agriculture • “.an integrated system of plant and animal production practices .that will ¾satisfy human food and fiber needs ¾enhance environmental quality ¾make the most efficient use of ¾nonrenewable resources ¾sustain economic viability ¾enhance quality of life.” 1990 Farm Bill

Agriculturakbooscom 农（种植业） 林业 Iteractions between agricuitural components 畜牧业 水产业

Agricultural Ecosystem Agricultural Ecosystem Interactions between agricultural components Interactions between agricultural components 农（种植业） 畜牧业 水产业 林业

An agricultural system functions with all its inputs and outputs Inputs include all materials such as fertilizer, irrigation,pesticides etc Outputs are the gains from the system in any form such as grains,leaves,stems,roots etc

An agricultural system functions An agricultural system functions with all its inputs and outputs with all its inputs and outputs Inputs include all materials such as fertilizer, irrigation, pesticides etc Outputs are the gains from the system in any form such as grains, leaves, stems, roots etc