上海交通大学：《学术英语写作与演讲 Academic Writing and Presentation in English》教学资源（课件讲稿）08 Introduction

Introduction Questions: 1)How is the introduction of a research paper different from that of an essay? 2)What are the three moves in an research paper introduction?

Introduction Questions: 1) How is the introduction of a research paper different from that of an essay? 2) What are the three moves in an research paper introduction?

Large-Scale Psychological Differences Within China Explained by Science Rice Versus Wheat Agriculture T.Talhelm et al. DAAAS Science344,603(2014): D0l:10.1126/science.1246850 ver the past 20 years,psychologists have cataloged a long list of differences be- tween East and West (/-3).Western cul- ture is more individualistic and analytic-thinking, whereas East Asian culture is more interdepen- dent and holistic-thinking.Analytic thought uses abstract categories and formal reasoning,such as logical laws of noncontradiction-if A is true, then "not A is false.Holistic thought is more intui- tive and sometimes even embraces contradiction both A and“notA”can be true. Even though psychology has cataloged a long list of East-West differences,it still lacks an accepted explanation of what causes these differences.Building on subsistence style theo- ry (/4),we offer the rice theory of culture and compare it with the modernization hypothesis (5)and the more recent pathogen prevalence theorv (6)

Introduction 1)Over the past 20 years,psychologists have cataloged a long list of differences between East and West.Western culture is more individualistic and analytic-thinking,whereas East Asian culture is more interdependent and holistic-thinking.Analytic thought uses abstract categories and formal reasoning,such as logical laws of non contradiction -if A is true,then "not A"is false.Holistic thought is more intuitive and sometimes even embraces contradiction-both A and "not A"can be true.2) Even though psychology has cataloged a long list of East-West differences,it still lacks an accepted explanation of what causes these differences.3)Building on subsistence style theory,we offer the rice theory of culture and compare it with the modernization hypothesis and the more recent pathogen prevalence theory病原菌流行理论

Introduction 1) Over the past 20 years, psychologists have cataloged a long list of differences between East and West. Western culture is more individualistic and analytic-thinking, whereas East Asian culture is more interdependent and holistic-thinking. Analytic thought uses abstract categories and formal reasoning, such as logical laws of non contradiction —if A is true, then “not A” is false. Holistic thought is more intuitive and sometimes even embraces contradiction— both A and “not A” can be true. 2) Even though psychology has cataloged a long list of East-West differences, it still lacks an accepted explanation of what causes these differences. 3) Building on subsistence style theory, we offer the rice theory of culture and compare it with the modernization hypothesis and the more recent pathogen prevalence theory病原菌流行理论

Three moves in an introduction: Establishing a research territory (Background) a.showing that research is important and interesting b.introducing items of previous research Establishing a niche (Problem) a.indicating a gap in the previous research b.raising a question Occupying the niche(Purpose,thesis,structure) a.stating the purpose or nature of research b.formulating the thesis c.providing the structure (optional)

Three moves in an introduction: a. showing that research is important and interesting b. introducing items of previous research Establishing a research territory (Background) a. indicating a gap in the previous research b. raising a question Establishing a niche (Problem) a. stating the purpose or nature of research b. formulating the thesis c. providing the structure (optional) Occupying the niche (Purpose, thesis, structure)

Establishing the Research Territory Introduce the topic Autism Spectrum Disorder refers to a group of brain development disorders,often characterized by repetitive behaviours,and problems with social interaction and communication. lead-in should be brief and clear

图 Begin by setting up the field you're writing about in a succinct summary. This first sentence (or sentences)holds a lot of weight as it sets up the focus for the article to follow. Your lead-in should be brief and clear enough for the reader to understand what the article will pertain to. Over the past 20 years,psychologists have cataloged a long list of differences between East and West

Begin by setting up the field you're writing about in a succinct summary. This first sentence (or sentences) holds a lot of weight as it sets up the focus for the article to follow. Your lead-in should be brief and clear enough for the reader to understand what the article will pertain to. Over the past 20 years, psychologists have cataloged a long list of differences between East and West

Part 1 Establishing the Research Territory Outline why the topic is relevant or interesting In today's world of social media,the socialization of children must involve many different mediums and approaches. flesh out the context and point to its relevance

C Your introduction should establish the topic within the realm of real world circumstance or present-day research. Let your reader know why your own research is relevant. Over the past 20 years,psychologists have cataloged a long list of differences between East and West

Your introduction should establish the topic within the realm of real world circumstance or present-day research. Let your reader know why your own research is relevant. Over the past 20 years, psychologists have cataloged a long list of differences between East and West

Part 1 Establishing the Research Territory Refer to previous research American theorist John Dewey concluded that human beings learn best from a 'hands on' approach to education. connect what has been proposed to who proposed it

Substantiate your lead-in statement and establish your familiarity with relevant scholarly work on the topic. Western culture is more individualistic and analytic-thinking,whereas East Asian culture is more interdependent and holistic-thinking. Analytic thought uses abstract categories and formal reasoning,such as logical laws of non contradiction -if A is true,then“notA”is false.Holistic thought is more intuitive and sometimes even embraces contradiction- both A and“notA”can be true

Substantiate your lead-in statement and establish your familiarity with relevant scholarly work on the topic. Western culture is more individualistic and analytic-thinking, whereas East Asian culture is more interdependent and holistic-thinking. Analytic thought uses abstract categories and formal reasoning, such as logical laws of non contradiction —if A is true, then “not A” is false. Holistic thought is more intuitive and sometimes even embraces contradiction— both A and “not A” can be true