西北农林科技大学：《牧草栽培学》课程教学资源（双语课件）Chapter 5 Grasses（1/2）smooth bromes & ryegrass

Forages:An Introduction to Grassland Agriculture Chapter 5 Grasses Instructor: Long Mingxiu F■RAG Copyright reseved by Long Mingx College of animal science,Northwest Agriculture Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系

__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University  西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu Forages: An Introduction to Grassland Agriculture  Chapter 5   Grasses  Instructor:  Long Mingxiu

Overview of Chapter 5 >Grass introduction >The morphology,biocharacteristic,cultivation and uses of: Smooth Brome ·Ryegrass Other grasses (Chinese wild-rye,Crested wheatgrass,Tall fescue,orchardgrass,kentucky bluegrass etc)第五章概览 禾本科概述 主要栽培草种的形态学特征、生物学特性、栽培技术及利用介绍： 无芒雀麦； ■RAG 黑麦草， 其他禾草（羊草、冰草、苇状羊茅、鸭茅、早熟禾等）。 Copyright reseved by Long M College of animal science,Northwest Agriculture Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系

__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University  西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu  ÿ Grass introduction ÿ The morphology,biocharacteristic,cultivation and uses of: • Smooth Brome • Ryegrass • Other grasses（Chinese wild­rye, Crested wheatgrass,Tall fescue,orchardgrass,kentucky  bluegrass etc.)  Overview of Chapter 5 第五章概览 禾本科概述 主要栽培草种的形态学特征、生物学特性、栽培技术及利用介绍： 无芒雀麦； 黑麦草； 其他禾草（羊草、冰草、苇状羊茅、鸭茅、早熟禾等）

Leaf parts Grass:blade,lingual,collar,sheath,auricle 莱舌 Liqule Leaf- blade Ligule 葉鞘 Collar Leaf sheath Auricle B Sheath Veins 0p6 Closed Split-overlapping margins FORAGES Node (A) (c) vest Ag Flatten 动物科技子阮早业件子东国

__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University  西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu Leaf  parts • Grass:blade，lingual ，collar，sheath，auricle

Rolled or folded? Spotting Poa: tramlines or canoe tip 5 F■RAGE Copyright reseved by Long Ming College of animal science,Northwest Agriculture Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系

__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University  西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu  The leaf parts: Rolled or folded? Spotting Poa:  tramlines or canoe tip

拉草园怡加售 Leaf Colour Blue green Yellow green

__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University  西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu Leaf Colour  Blue green Yellow green

Aw Rachilla Palea Floret Lemma Outer Glume Palea Pedicel Lemma Spikelet FORAGE Glumes Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu College of animal science,Northwest Agriculture Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系

__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University  西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu

位固怡加售 Structure of Fibrous Grasses Root System Grass:fibrous须 根 Rhizome根状茎 Tap Root System stem below soil Rhizome 一 stores CHC spreading Soil Surface FORAGES Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu College of animal science,Northwest Agriculture Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系

__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University  西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu Structure  of  Grasses  • Grass: fibrous须 根 • Rhizome 根状茎 – stem below soil  – stores CHO  – spreading  Fibrous Root System Rhizome Stolon Soil Surface Tap Root System

Plant Morphology 植物形态学 Grasses bunch type束丛型 tall fescue,orchardgrass 。 tillers upward forms clump Bunch Type 分蘖形成丛生 sod former密丛型 has rhizomes or stolons ·forms dense sod ■RAGES Copyright reseved by Long M College of animal science,Northwest Agriculture Forestner 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系

__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University  西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu Plant Morphology 植物形态学 • Grasses – bunch type束丛型 • tall fescue, orchardgrass • tillers upward forms  clump 分蘖形成丛生 – sod former 密丛型 • has rhizomes or stolons • forms dense sod  Sod Former Bunch Type

Grass introduction 660 genera属 10,000 species7种 China:264 genera and 876 species Grass family has the most warm-season plants Grasses can be warm-or cool-season plants,so grasses are the most widely adapted plants Grasses are annuals,biennial or perennial Grass can be small-annual bluegrass, or large-bamboo F■RAG Grasses area8 feon eaft衫 College of animal science,Northwest Agriculture Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系

__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University  西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu • 660 genera属 • 10,000 species种 • China: 264 genera and 876 species • Grass family has the most warm­season plants • Grasses can be warm­ or cool­season plants, so  grasses are the most widely adapted plants • Grasses are annuals, biennial or perennial • Grass can be small – annual bluegrass,  or large – bamboo  Grasses are vital to life on earth. Grass introduction

Grasses are... members of Poaceae plant family Monocotyledonoust(单子叶植物) mostly herbaceous.草本(non woody) with.... jointed culms抱合茎 sheathed leaves"带叶鞘 (panicle-type parallel veination平行叶脉 ■RAE Tall fescue in reproductive phase. Copyright reseved by Long Mingxu College of animal science,Northwest Agriculture Forestry University 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系

__________________________________________________________________ College of animal science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University  西北农林科技大学动物科技学院草业科学系 Copyright reseved by Long Mingxiu  Grasses are… • members of Poaceae plant family • Monocotyledonous(单子叶植物） • mostly herbaceous草本 (non woody) • with ….  ­ jointed culms抱合茎 ­ sheathed leaves带叶鞘 ­ parallel veination平行叶脉 *  Tall fescue in reproductive phase