扬州大学：《组织胚胎学》课程教学课件（讲稿）泌尿系统 Urinary system

UrinarySystemHongya SunYangzhou University

1 Urinary System Hongya Sun Yangzhou University

OBJECTIVESCompositionofnephronStructure andfunctionof renal corpuscleStructure and function of renal tubuleFiltrationmembraneStructure feature and functions of juxtaglomerularcomplexStructureof urinary bladder

2 OBJECTIVES  Composition of nephron  Structure and function of renal corpuscle  Structure and function of renal tubule  Filtration membrane  Structure feature and functions of juxtaglomerular complex  Structure of urinary bladder

I -General description

3 Ⅰ.General description

Urinary SystemI.General descriptionKidneysA.components:ourinary organurinary passagesUreters,Urinarybladder,urethraB.Functions:eliminationsecrete

4 A. components : urinary organ urinary passages B. Functions: elimination secrete Kidneys Ureters, Urinary bladder, urethra Ⅰ.General description Urinary System

II. kidneys

5 Ⅱ. kidneys

I.KidneysA.General organization1.Introduction:an inner medullaan outer cortexEachkidneyhasaconcaveborder,the hilum,wherebloodvesselscommunicateand ureter exit thekidneyThe renal pelvis,theexpandedupperend oftheureter,branchesandrebranches into major calycesand minor calyces.2. Capsule: CT containing richfatCapsulecells.3.anouter cortex64.an inner medullaminor calycesmajor calyces

6 A. General organization 1. Introduction: v Each kidney has a concave border, the hilum, where blood vessels communicate and ureter exit the kidney. v The renal pelvis, the expanded upper end of the ureter, branches and rebranches into major calyces and minor calyces. 2. Capsule: CT containing rich fat cells. Ⅱ. Kidneys Capsule an outer cortex an inner medulla minor calyces major calyces 3. an outer cortex 4. an inner medulla

Whatisa renal lobe?Arenal lobeconsists of arenalpyramidtogether with its closely associated corticaltissueWhat is a renal lobule?Arenallobule consists of a singlemedullary ray and the cortical tissue thatsurrounditTubules which form urineUriniferous tubule

7 What is a renal lobule? A renal lobe consists of a renal pyramid, together with its closely associated cortical tissue A renal lobule consists of a single medullary ray and the cortical tissue that surround it What is a renal lobe? Uriniferous tubule Tubules which form urine

5.Kidney-(microscopicCollectingtubulestructure)--containstwoprincipalportions,which are·nephrons公-isconcernedwithurineformation·collecting duct system(collectingtubulesandducts,etc).-carry out a final concentrationofurinarysolutetoformthecollecting ducthypertonicurine

8 Collecting tubule collecting duct 5. Kidney-(microscopic structure) -contains two principal portions, which are  nephrons -is concerned with urine- formation  collecting duct system (collecting tubules and ducts, etc). -carry out a final concentration of urinary solute to form the hypertonic urine

distal convoluted tubule6.Introduction of nephrons :●The structural and functionalunit of kidneyIt consists of:Proximalrenalcorpuscle(includes)tubule--renal glomerulusDistar-glomeruluscapsuletubulerenal tubule (includes):Thinsegment--proximalconvoluted tubules--thinandthick limbs of Henle'sloop--distalconvolutedtubules

9 6. Introduction of nephrons :  The structural and functional unit of kidney.  It consists of:  renal corpuscle (includes): -renal glomerulus -glomerulus capsule  renal tubule (includes): -proximal convoluted tubules -thin and thick limbs of Henle’s loop -distal convoluted tubules. distal convoluted tubule Proximal tubule Distal tubule Thin segment

B.Nephrons&is the functional unitof thekidneycortexthere are over a millionnephrons in one kidneyconsists of1.renalcorpuscle2medulla2.renaltubuleClassification:twotypes-corticalnephrons--juxtamedullarynephrons

10 B. Nephrons v is the functional unit of the kidney v there are over a million nephrons in one kidney v consists of 1. renal corpuscle 2. renal tubule v Classification: two types - cortical nephrons - juxtamedullary nephrons medulla cortex 1 2