扬州大学：《生理学》课程教学课件（讲稿）第四章 心血管生理 Cardiovascular system Section 4 Regulation of the heart

Section 4 Regulation of the heartOutlineNervousRegulation.Humoral Regulation·Autoregulation

Outline • Nervous Regulation • Humoral Regulation • Autoregulation Section 4 Regulation of the heart

VasomototcenterBioodvesselsNervous RegulationSympatheticchainVagusHeartVasoconstrictorCardioinhibitorVasodiatorBloadvessels

Nervous Regulation

Innervation of cardiovascular systemIXafferentCarotidMedullarysinusesXafferentcardiovascularcentreVagalmotor neurdronQo0o0006c00ecocOAorticbaroreceptoraSympathetic efferentoT,TnAcetylcholinenterneuronVesselSinusmuscarinicnodeStellateganglion,cervicalsympatheticgangliaNoradrenalineβAdrenaline inbloodAcetylcholinetransmitterSympatheticstimulationincreases contractilityfrequency,conductionvelocity,andirritability

Innervation of cardiovascular system Stellate ganglion ， cervical sympathetic ganglia

Nervous regulation of the circulationHeartBlood VesselVasoconstrictionIntropyNE!NEVasoconstrictionNEOLChronotropyMPVasodilationDromotropyVasodilationSympatheticMNerve TerminalAChParasympatheticSympathetic CholinergicNerve TeriminalNerveTerminal

Nervous regulation of the circulation

Mechanisms of norepinephrine- increased Na+ & Ca2+ permeability If ↑ , phase 4 spontaneous depolarizationf:Autorhythmicity ↑· Ca2+ influx ↑ , phase 0 amplitude & velocity ↑Conductivity ↑·Ca2+ influx , Ca2+ release ↑, [Ca2+ Ji ↑,Contractility个

— increased Na+ & Ca2+ permeability • If ↑, phase 4 spontaneous depolarization↑, Autorhythmicity ↑ Mechanisms of norepinephrine • Ca2+ influx ↑, Ca2+ release ↑, [Ca2+ ] i ↑, Contractility ↑ • Ca2+ influx ↑, phase 0 amplitude & velocity ↑, Conductivity ↑

Cardiac mechanisms of acetylcholineInotropy -Chronotropy-Na(I)Dromotropy -NorEplAChHHHTMuscanmcBeta-1ReceptorReceptorGGStimulatesStimulates-Cyelic-AMPInhibition

Cardiac mechanisms of acetylcholine Inotropy - Chronotropy - Dromotropy -

Mechanisms of acetylcholine-increasedK+permeability·K+ outward ↑, JMRPl ↑, phase 4 spontaneousdepolarization ↓, Autorhythmicity ↓· Inhibition of Ca2+ channel, phase O amplitude &velocity ↓， Conductivity ↓·Ca2+ influx ↓,[Ca2+l: ↓, Contractility

• Ca2+ influx ↓, [Ca2+ ] i ↓, Contractility ↓ — increased K+ permeability Mechanisms of acetylcholine • K+ outward ↑, |MRP| ↑, phase 4 spontaneous depolarization ↓, Autorhythmicity ↓ • Inhibition of Ca2+ channel, phase 0 amplitude & velocity ↓, Conductivity ↓

wLLuCardiaceffect ofparasympatheticstimulationParasympatheticstimulationBeforevagal stimulationDuringvagal stimulation10075M(6HWW)50250小+P/dpO01234.512345Time (s)

Cardiac effect of parasympathetic stimulation

Predominance of autonomic nerves120Propranolol110100se)aAtropine90a-receptorblocker807060PropranololAtropine50β-receptorblocker40.2343ControlFirstdrugadministeredSeconddrug administered

Predominance of autonomic nerves α-receptor blocker β-receptor blocker

CardiovascularCenterA collection of functionally similar neurons thathelp to regulate HR, SV, and blood vessel tone(diameter)

A collection of functionally similar neurons that help to regulate HR, SV, and blood vessel tone (diameter). Cardiovascular Center