上海中医药大学：《急救护理学》课程教学资源（PPT课件）昏迷 coma

昏迷 coma 沈燕 2006-4-20

昏 迷 coma 沈燕 2006－4－20

■昏迷抢救18.rmvb

n 昏迷抢救18.rmvb

■当我们身边突然出现疑似昏 迷的病人时，鉴别病人是否 昏迷最简单的办法是.… ■在护送病人去医院途中，要 注意做好.…

n当我们身边突然出现疑似昏 迷的病人时，鉴别病人是否 昏迷最简单的办法是… n在护送病人去医院途中，要 注意做好……

用棉芯轻触一下病人的角膜，正常 人或轻症病人都会出现眨眼动作， 而昏迷特别是深昏迷病人毫无反应。 当确定病人昏迷时，应尽快送病人 到医院抢救

n 用棉芯轻触一下病人的角膜，正常 人或轻症病人都会出现眨眼动作， 而昏迷特别是深昏迷病人毫无反应。 当确定病人昏迷时，应尽快送病人 到医院抢救

教学目标 ■了解： 学握： 昏迷量表的使用； 昏迷的定义； 昏迷与晕厥、癔症性 昏睡、木僵状态、闭 昏迷的临床分级； 锁综合征的鉴别诊断 昏迷的急救护理 ■熟悉： 昏迷的常见病因； 昏迷病人瞳孔的观察

教学目标 n 了解： 昏迷量表的使用； 昏迷与晕厥、癔症性 昏睡、木僵状态、闭 锁综合征的鉴别诊断 n 熟悉： 昏迷的常见病因； 昏迷病人瞳孔的观察 n 掌握： 昏迷的定义； 昏迷的临床分级； 昏迷的急救护理

Definition 意识一一机体对自身及外界环境感知并能作出正 确反应的状态。 意识障碍一一机体对外界环境的刺激缺乏反应 的一种病理状态。 昏迷一一是严重的意识障碍，其主要特征为随意 运动丧失，对外界刺激失去正常反应并出现病理 反射活动

Definition 意识－－机体对自身及外界环境感知并能作出正 确反应的状态。 意识障碍－－机体对外界环境的刺激缺乏反应 的一种病理状态。 昏迷－－是严重的意识障碍，其主要特征为随意 运动丧失，对外界刺激失去正常反应并出现病理 反射活动

判断意识障碍程度disturbance of consciousness 区分嗜睡、意识模糊、昏睡、昏迷 嗜睡somnolence：病人呈持续睡眠状态，但可被轻度刺激 唤醒，醒后能正确简单回答问题，但反应迟钝。 意识模糊confusion：病人对时间、地点、人物的定向能力 发生障碍，思维混乱，可有错觉、幻觉、精神错乱、谵 妄等表现。 昏睡stupor：病人处于沉睡状态，仅能被压眼眶、用力摇 动身体等较强刺激唤醒。 昏迷coma:是最严重的意识障碍

判断意识障碍程度disturbance of consciousness n 区分嗜睡、意识模糊、昏睡、昏迷 嗜睡somnolence ：病人呈持续睡眠状态，但可被轻度刺激 唤醒，醒后能正确简单回答问题，但反应迟钝。 意识模糊confusion ：病人对时间、地点、人物的定向能力 发生障碍，思维混乱，可有错觉、幻觉、精神错乱、谵 妄等表现。 昏睡stupor ：病人处于沉睡状态，仅能被压眼眶、用力摇 动身体等较强刺激唤醒。 昏迷coma：是最严重的意识障碍

Summary: Disturbance of consciousness is impediment() of having an awareness of one's environment and one's own existence,sensations and thoughts. According to the degree of disturbance of consciousness,it can be divided:somnolence, confusion,stupor,coma

Summary： n Disturbance of consciousness is impediment(障碍) of having an awareness of one’s environment and one’s own existence,sensations and thoughts. n According to the degree of disturbance of consciousness, it can be divided: somnolence, confusion, stupor,coma

What is Coma and Persistent Vegetative State? A coma is a profound or deep state of unconsciousness.An individual in a state of coma is alive but unable to move or respond to his environment.Coma may occur as a complication of an underlying illness,or as a result of injuries,such as head trauma

What is Coma and Persistent Vegetative State? n A coma is a profound or deep state of unconsciousness. An individual in a state of coma is alive but unable to move or respond to his environment. Coma may occur as a complication of an underlying illness, or as a result of injuries, such as head trauma

A persistent vegetative state "brain-death") sometimes follows a coma.Individuals in such a state have lost their thinking abilities and awareness of their surroundings,but retain non-cognitive function and normal sleep patterns.Even though those in a persistent vegetative state lose their higher brain functions,other key functions such as breathing and circulation remain relatively intact.Spontaneous movements may occur, and the eyes may open in response to external stimuli.They may even occasionally grimace(痛苦的表情)，cry,or laugh

n A persistent vegetative state ( “brain-death”) sometimes follows a coma. Individuals in such a state have lost their thinking abilities and awareness of their surroundings, but retain non-cognitive function and normal sleep patterns. Even though those in a persistent vegetative state lose their higher brain functions, other key functions such as breathing and circulation remain relatively intact. Spontaneous movements may occur, and the eyes may open in response to external stimuli. They may even occasionally grimace(痛苦的表情), cry, or laugh