复旦大学：《中国近代外交史》课程PPT教学课件（History of Diplomacy in Modern China）Lecture 3 Independent diplomacy and defence of the new nation（1949-1955）

Independent diplomacy and defence of the new nation(1949-1955) I, International Contexts II. new China identifying its diplomacy III. The Korean war(1950-53) IV. Five principles of peaceful Co-existence

Independent diplomacy and defence of the new nation (1949-1955) ◼ I. International Contexts ◼ II. new China identifying its diplomacy ◼ III. The Korean war (1950-53) ◼ IV. Five principles of peaceful co-existence

I International contexts Post-WWII contexts in world politics 1)the formation of a bipolar order the international system was shifting with traditional major powers falling down and new superpowers emerging. 2)reconstruction of Europe International( and U.S. strategic) focus was more on Europe 3)The movement of nationalism and decolonization More nations were seeking for political independence

I. International Contexts Post-WWII contexts in world politics 1) the formation of a bipolar order ◼ the international system was shifting with traditional major powers falling down and new superpowers emerging. 2) reconstruction of Europe ◼ International ( and U.S. strategic) focus was more on Europe. 3) The movement of nationalism and decolonization More nations were seeking for political independence

capitalist Socialist camp camp he iron Curtain Communist Information Bureau Speech (1947-56) 1946) The Truman The council for Doctrine Mutual Economic (1947) ssistance(1949-91) Creation of The sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, NATO(1949) Alliance, and mutual Assistance(1950-80) Creation of Creation of ANZUS Warsaw pact (1951-85) (195591)

capitalist camp The Iron Curtain Speech (1946) The Truman Doctrine (1947) Creation of NATO ( 1949) Creation of ANZUS (1951-85) Socialist camp Communist Information Bureau (1947-56) The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (1949-91) The Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance, and Mutual Assistance (1950-80) Creation of Warsaw Pact (1955-91)

II. The PRC's diplomatic policies and responses around the world 1 Three major policies made by the newly-established PRC 1) policy of " setting up a new stove set up diplomatic ties with the Prc while ending ties with the kmt government take friendly attitudes to the prc diplomatic ties be based on principles of equality mutual benefit, and respect territorial sovereignty establish diplomatic ties with the Prc through negotiation/talks

II. The PRC’s diplomatic policies and responses around the world 1 Three major policies made by the newly-established PRC : 1) policy of “setting up a new stove” ◼ set up diplomatic ties with the PRC while ending ties with the KMT government ◼ take friendly attitudes to the PRC ◼ diplomatic ties be based on principles of equality, mutual benefit, and respect territorial sovereignty ◼ establish diplomatic ties with the PRC through negotiation/talks

2) policy of "putting the house in order before inviting guests abolishing all pervious treaties/privileges of foreign nations in China since 1840 and putting an end of alien forces in china with the "house is in order" the prc established its diplomatic relations with those nations that recognized the legitimacy of the Pro

2) policy of “putting the house in order before inviting guests” ◼ abolishing all pervious treaties/privileges of foreign nations in China since 1840 and putting an end of alien forces in China. ◼ with the “house is in order”, the PRC established its diplomatic relations with those nations that recognized the legitimacy of the PRC

3)"leaning towards one side"policy(embracing the socialist camp) domestic debates over the possibility of the third road that is, remaining neutral between the two superpowers having little hopes to win U.S. recognition forming alliance with the Soviet Union Mao' s visit to Moscow in December 1949)

3) “leaning towards one side” policy (embracing the socialist camp) ◼ domestic debates over the possibility of the third road, that is, remaining neutral between the two superpowers ◼ having little hopes to win U.S. recognition ◼ forming alliance with the Soviet Union (Mao’s visit to Moscow in December 1949)

Three diplomatic policies put forwarded by mao Zedong Three major diplomatic policies setting up a putting the house"leaning towards in order before new stove inviting guests one side

Three diplomatic policies put forwarded by Mao Zedong Three major diplomatic policies “setting up a new stove” “putting the house in order before inviting guests” “leaning towards one side

Other diplomatic policies The Common Program of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference( September 29 1949 Principles 1 protecting the independence, freedom, integrity of territory and sovereignty of the country 2 upholding international peace 3 opposing to the imperialist policy of aggression and war

Other diplomatic policies ◼ The Common Program of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference ( September 29, 1949) ◼ Principles 1 protecting the independence, freedom, integrity of territory and sovereignty of the country 2 upholding international peace 3 opposing to the imperialist policy of aggression and war

Concrete policies 1 establish diplomatic relations through negotiations 2 examine all the treaties concluded between the kmt and foreign governments 3 develop commercial relations with foreign governments 4 protect Chinese residing abroad and law-abiding foreign nationals in china

◼ Concrete policies 1 establish diplomatic relations through negotiations 2 examine all the treaties concluded between the KMT and foreign governments 3 develop commercial relations with foreign governments 4 protect Chinese residing abroad and law-abiding foreign nationals in China

2.International responses to the newly established PRC recognition from socialist countries and some capitalist countries non-recognition from capitalist countries riding the fence attitudes

2. International responses to the newly established PRC: ◼ recognition from socialist countries and some capitalist countries ◼ non-recognition from capitalist countries ◼ riding the fence attitudes