延安大学：《翻译理论与实践》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿，英译汉）Translation：Theory and Practice 第三章 The Method of Translation

Chapter 3 The Method of Translation literal translation e free translation transliteration the synthesis of literal translation and free translation and so on

Chapter 3 The Method of Translation • literal translation, • free translation, • transliteration • the synthesis of literal translation and free translation • and so on

I. Literal translation and free translation 1. Literal translation Literal translation refers to an adequate representation of the original. When the original coincides or almost tallies with the chinese language in the sequence of vocabulary, in grammatical structure and rhetorical devices literal translation must be used

• Ⅰ. Literal translation and free translation • 1. Literal translation • Literal translation refers to an adequate representation of the original. When the original coincides or almost tallies with the Chinese language in the sequence of vocabulary, in grammatical structure and rhetorical devices, literal translation must be used

Eg. the long sleep (长眠) see god 见上帝) see mark (见马克思) see one's ancestors (见祖先) go west (归西) go to heaven (进天国) crocodile tears (驾鱼的眼泪) be armed to teeth (武装到牙齿) chain reaction (连锁反应)1 gentle's agreement 4,(君子协定)

• Eg. the long sleep • (长眠) • see God • (见上帝) • see Mark • (见马克思) • see one’s ancestors • (见祖先) • go west • (归西) • go to heaven • (进天国) • crocodile tears • (鳄鱼的眼泪) • be armed to teeth • (武装到牙齿) • chain reaction • (连锁反应) • gentle’s agreement • （君子协定）

2. Free translation l. free translation does not adhere strictly to the form or word order of the original. when there exist dissimilarities or great differences between English and Chinese in the sequence of vocabulary, in grammatical structure and rhetorical devices or artistic devices free translation should be employed

• 2. Free translation • Free translation does not adhere strictly to the form or word order of the original. When there exist dissimilarities or great differences between English and Chinese in the sequence of vocabulary, in grammatical structure and rhetorical devices or artistic devices, free translation should be employed

Eg At sixes and sevens (乱七八糟) It rains cats and dogs (大雨滂沱) Don't cross the bridge till you get to it >到了桥边才过桥。(字面直译,费解) 不必担心太早/不必自寻烦恼(意译) Do you see any green in my eye? 你以为我是幼稚可欺的吗?

• Eg. • At sixes and sevens • (乱七八糟) • It rains cats and dogs. • （大雨滂沱） • Don’t cross the bridge till you get to it. • 到了桥边才过桥。（字面直译，费解） • 不必担心太早/不必自寻烦恼（意译） • Do you see any green in my eye? • 你以为我是幼稚可欺的吗？

Which translating method is preferable: literal translation or free translation?

• Which translating method is preferable: literal translation or free translation?

We can hardly say which is preferable literal translation or free translation each has its merits and defects

• We can hardly say which is preferable: literal translation or free translation. Each has its merits and defects

Some people prefer literal translation Mr. Lu Xun represents this class of translators He said Rather to be faithful (in thought) than smooth(in Language) ● And he did as he said

• Some people prefer literal translation. • Mr. Lu Xun represents this class of translators. He said, • “Rather to be faithful (in thought) than smooth (in Language)”. • And he did as he said

o others like free translation Mr. Yan Fu had many classical works thus translated such as The Origin of Species ['spi: iz] (《物种起源》)and ● The wealth of nations (《原富》 These are good examples of free translation

• Others like free translation. • Mr. Yan Fu had many classical works thus translated, such as • The Origin of Species ['spi:ʃiz] • (《物种起源》) and • The Wealth of Nations • (《原富》). • These are good examples of free translation

Compare the following different Chinese versions with the English text, paying attention to literal translation and free translation Motto[ 'motau] All other things above Are liberty and love Life would i gladly tender or love: yet joyfully Would love itself surrender For liberty. (Petofi: Liberty and Love)

• Compare the following different Chinese versions with the English text, paying attention to literal translation and free translation • Motto['mɔtəu] • All other things above Are liberty and love; • Life would I gladly tender For love: yet joyfully • Would love itself surrender For liberty.(Petofi: Liberty and Love)