延安大学：《翻译理论与实践》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿，英译汉）Translation：Theory and Practice 第五章 Transformation between Parts of Speech in English-Chinese Translation

Chapter 5 Transformation between Parts of Speech in English-Chinese Translation This chapter is chiefly concerned with the transformation rules between various parts of speech in English-Chinese translation, including the transformation of nouns, verbs, prepositions, adjectives, adverbs in English

Chapter 5 Transformation between Parts of Speech in English-Chinese Translation • This chapter is chiefly concerned with the transformation rules between various parts of speech in English-Chinese translation, including the transformation of nouns, verbs, prepositions, adjectives, adverbs in English

English nouns, prepositions adjectives and adverbs may be transformed into Chinese verbs, for verbs are widely used in Chinese 1. Four kinds of nouns may be transformed into chinese verbs

• Ⅰ.English nouns, prepositions, adjectives and adverbs may be transformed into Chinese verbs，for verbs are widely used in Chinese. • 1.Four kinds of nouns may be transformed into Chinese verbs

Rockets have found application for the exploration of the unverse. 火箭已经用来探索宇宙

• Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. • 火箭已经用来探索宇宙

(1)An English noun derived from a verb is often transformed into a verb when translated into chinese (英语动词派生的名词与汉语动词的转换)eg Liberation, application insistence r settlement, description abolition exploitation, refusal, acknowledgement withdrawal 1) He gave a description describe) of the traffic accident 他描述了交通事故的情况。 2)Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 火箭已经用来探索宇宙

• (1) An English noun derived from a verb is often transformed into a verb when translated into Chinese • (英语动词派生的名词与汉语动词的转换) e.g. • Liberation, application, insistence, settlement, description, abolition, exploitation, refusal, acknowledgement, withdrawal. • 1) He gave a description (describe) of the traffic accident • 他描述了交通事故的情况。 • 2) Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. • 火箭已经用来探索宇宙

3An acquaintance of world history is helpful to the study of current affairs 4) His very appearance at any affair proclaims it a triumph

• 3)An acquaintance of world history is helpful to the study of current affairs. • 4) His very appearance at any affair proclaims it a triumph

The sight and sound of our jet plane filled me with special onging

• The sight and sound of our jet plane filled me with special longing

(2)An English noun possessing the property of a verb is often transformed into a verb when translated into chinese 英语含有动作意味的名词在记叙、描写文体中出现了较 多往往可以与汉语动词转换,eg sight, sound close, glance, wave, effusion, walk, view, thought etc 1) The sight and sound of our jet plane filled me with special longing. 看到我们的喷气式飞机,听见隆隆的机声,令我特别神往。 2)As the week drew to a close, the enemy rout(溃败) was complete. 周快结束时,敌人彻底溃退了

• (2) An English noun possessing the property of a verb is often transformed into a verb when translated into Chinese • (英语含有动作意味的名词,在记叙、描写文体中出现了较 多,往往可以与汉语动词转换, e.g. • sight, sound, close, glance, wave, effusion, walk, view, thought, etc. • 1）The sight and sound of our jet plane filled me with special longing. • 看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的机声，令我特别神往。 • 2）As the week drew to a close, the enemy rout(溃败) was complete. • 一周快结束时，敌人彻底溃退了

3On the walk through the city they saw breadlines 4)A view of Mt. Fuji can be obtained from here

• 3) On the walk through the city they saw breadlines. • 4) A view of Mt. Fuji can be obtained from here

o Some of my classmates are good SIngers 我同班同学中有些人唱歌唱得很好

• Some of my classmates are good singers. • 我同班同学中有些人唱歌唱得很好

3When some nouns derived from verbs by adding such suffixes as -er or-or do not really indicate identity or some certain profession but imply much more than the meaning of a verb, we are supposed to transform such nouns into verbs to make our translation be in better keeping with the expression habits of the chinese Language. (英语中有些加后缀er/-or的名词,有时并不表示职 业和身份,而是含有较强的动作意味,在汉语中没有 恰当的对应名词,往往可以译成汉语的动词)eg teacher, forgiver, briefer摘要;案件陈述) advocator

• (3)When some nouns derived from verbs by adding such suffixes as –er or-or do not really indicate identity or some certain profession but imply much more than the meaning of a verb，we are supposed to transform such nouns into verbs to make our translation be in better keeping with the expression habits of the Chinese Language. • (英语中有些加后缀-er/-or的名词，有时并不表示职 业和身份，而是含有较强的动作意味，在汉语中没有 恰当的对应名词，往往可以译成汉语的动词), e.g. • teacher, forgiver, briefer( 摘 要 ； 案 件 陈 述 ), advocator