《大学英语》课程教学资源（教案讲义）Unit One

Unit One Part One Before Reading 1.About the Authorand the Story Mona Gardner,an American woman writer.Most ofher short stories were written for the Saturday Evening Post magazine and Collier's Weekly magazine during the 1930s and 1940s.The Dinner Party first appeared in the Saturday Review of Literature,Vol.25,No.5,January 31. 1941 2.Cobra Cobras,found in some parts of Africa and Asia,are poisonous snakes.Most cobras bite their victims and their bite may cause death within a few hours. The king cobra,the largest of all poisonous snakes,may reach a length of 18 ft(5.5 m)and feeds chiefly on other snakes.When disturbed,it raises its hooded head to get a better view or to strike.Large individuals may raise themselves to a height ofabout 1 m(about 4 ft). The Indian cobra is usually 4-5 ft(1.2-1.6 m)long.The snake's color ranges from yellowish to dark brown.It has a mark like a pair of spectacles on the back of its hood.It preys on rats and is therefore often found in houses.The Indian cobra and the Egyptian cobra are often displayed by snake charmers.The cobras appear to respond to the music played by the charmer,but,like all snakes,they are deaf and only follow the movements ofthe charmer. 3.Discussion 1)Who do you think are braver,women or men?Please give examples to support your statement. 2)Do you have the same feeling when you see a woman screaming over an insect and a man screaming over an insect?Why or why not? 3)Do you think womencan do everything men can?Why or why not? 1

1 Unit One Part One Before Reading 1. About the Author and the Story Mona Gardner, an American woman writer. Most of her short stories were written for the Saturday Evening Post magazine and Collier’s Weekly magazine during the 1930s and 1940s. The Dinner Party first appeared in the Saturday Review of Literature, Vol. 25, No. 5, January 31, 1941. 2. Cobra Cobras, found in some parts of Africa and Asia, are poisonous snakes. Most cobras bite their victims and their bite may cause death within a few hours. The king cobra, the largest of all poisonous snakes, may reach a length of 18 ft (5.5 m) and feeds chiefly on other snakes. When disturbed, it raises its hooded head to get a better view or to strike. Large individuals may raise themselves to a height of about 1 m (about 4 ft). The Indian cobra is usually 4-5 ft (1.2–1.6 m) long. The snake’s color ranges from yellowish to dark brown. It has a mark like a pair of spectacles on the back of its hood. It preys on rats and is therefore often found in houses. The Indian cobra and the Egyptian cobra are often displayed by snake charmers. The cobras appear to respond to the music played by the charmer, but, like all snakes, they are deaf and only follow the movements of the charmer. 3. Discussion 1) Who do you think are braver, women or men? Please give examples to support your statement. 2) Do you have the same feeling when you see a woman screaming over an insect and a man screaming over an insect? Why or why not? 3) Do you think women can do everything men can? Why or why not?

4.Questions About the Text 1)How many persons are mentioned in this story except the servants? Who arethey? Twenty one.They are the host,hostessand their guests 2)What was the subject ofthe discussion between the young girl and the major? They had a heated discussionabout how womenreact to a crisis 3)How was the American naturalist aware ofthe existence ofa snake? He noticed what was happeningto the hostess and the boy 4)What did the American naturalist do to get over thecrisis? He said that he wanted to know how well they could control themselves and asked them to sit still until he counted up to three hundred. 5)What do you think of what the hostess did that day? (Open-ended.) 5.True or False 1)The setting of the story is in India and the time of the story is during the First World War It took place before the First World War. 2)The guests attending the party are the persons with high social status 3)The room where the party was held is very big and quite good 4)In the discussion,the young girl points out that women are braver than men. The girl only means women are now braver thanthey were in the past 5)When the American naturalist notices a strange expression coming over the hostess' face. he immediately knows that there is a snake in the room. It is not until he sees the boy place a bowl of milk on the veranda that he knows that. 6)After the American realizes what is happening in the room,he is very 2

2 4. Questions About the Text 1) How many persons are mentioned in this story except the servants? Who are they? Twenty one. They are the host, hostess and their guests 2) What was the subject of the discussion between the young girl and the major? They had a heated discussion about how women react to a crisis. 3) How was the American naturalist aware of the existence of a snake? He noticed what was happening to the hostess and the boy 4) What did the American naturalist do to get over the crisis? He said that he wanted to know how well they could control themselves and asked them to sit still until he counted up to three hundred. 5) What do you think of what the hostess did that day? (Open-ended.) 5. True or False 1) The setting of the story is in India and the time of the story is during the First World War. It took place before the First World War. 2) The guests attending the party are the persons with high social status 3) The room where the party was held is very big and quite good 4) In the discussion, the young girl points out that women are braver than men. The girl only means women are now braver than they were in the past 5) When the American naturalist notices a strange expression coming over the hostess’ face, he immediately knows that there is a snake in the room. It is not until he sees the boy place a bowl of milk on the veranda that he knows that. 6) After the American realizes what is happening in the room, he is very

astonished 7)The trick the American uses then shows that he is a cowardly man. He is a clever and calm man 8)LFrom the last sentence of the story,we can come to the conclusion that the hostess is calmer than the American. Part Two Language Points 1.heated:adj.angry;excited At a heated moment in the discussion,I lost my self-control Ed and I used to stay up all night,drinking wine and having heated arguments about politics. NB heated的名词形式为heat意为激烈，激动”。例如 In the heat of the argument,I became so excited that I shouted very loudly. 在激烈辩论中，我变得如此激动以至于大声叫了起来。 此外，还可以用在词组take the heat out of the situation中，意为让局 面缓和下来”。 2.track down:find(sb./sth.)by huntingor searching It was almost two weeks before they tracked down the facts they needed. 警察需要你来帮助追捕杀人犯。 The police need your help to track downthe murdere 3.bare: (1).adj.1)not covered;with no plants growingon it 如果我记得不错的话，在你家乡附近有座光秃秃的小山。 If my memory serves me,there was a bare hill near your hometown. 2)no morethan;mere The candidate won theelection by a bare majority. The candidate won theelection by a bare majority. (2).v.reveal The lady screamed as the snake bared its teeth. CF bare,bald,naked nude 3

3 astonished 7) The trick the American uses then shows that he is a cowardly man. He is a clever and calm man 8) LFrom the last sentence of the story, we can come to the conclusion that the hostess is calmer than the American. Part Two Language Points 1. heated: adj. angry; excited At a heated moment in the discussion, I lost my self-control Ed and I used to stay up all night, drinking wine and having heated arguments about politics. NB heated 的名词形式为 heat 意为“激烈, 激动”。例如 In the heat of the argument, I became so excited that I shouted very loudly. 在激烈辩论中，我变得如此激动以至于大声叫了起来。 此外，还可以用在词组 take the heat out of the situation 中，意为“让局 面缓和下来”。 2. track down: find (sb./sth.) by hunting or searching It was almost two weeks before they tracked down the facts they needed. 警察需要你来帮助追捕杀人犯。 The police need your help to track down the murderer 3.bare: (1). adj. 1) not covered; with no plants growing on it 如果我记得不错的话， 在你家乡附近有座光秃秃的小山。 If my memory serves me, there was a bare hill near your hometown. 2) no more than; mere The candidate won the election by a bare majority. The candidate won the election by a bare majority. (2). v. reveal The lady screamed as the snake bared its teeth. CF bare, bald, naked & nude

这几个形容词都含“赤裸的”之意。 bare指缺少必要的遮盖物。用于人时，多指身体的部分裸露。例如： He exposed a bare back to the sun 他把赤裸的背部暴露在日光下。 bald指头上无发，地上无草木，树上无叶等。例如： He was already bald at the age of 25. 他25岁就秃顶了。 naked指全身一丝不挂，暴露无遗。例如： They found the body lying half naked in the grass. 他们发现尸体半裸着躺在草丛中。 The children ran naked through the yard. 孩子们光着身子跑过院子。 nude主要指人体裸露，也可指房间无装饰。例如： The boys went swimming in the nude. 男孩们光着屁股去游泳 4.Why does the author say "though any naturalist would know it couldn't be?" Because cobras generally eat small animals such as rabbits and mice,a naturalist would tell us that milk is not a favorite food for the cobras 5.Translate this sentence into Chinese 席间，一位年轻的女士与一位少校展开了激烈的讨论。年轻的女士认 为，妇女已经有所进步，不再像过去那样一见到老鼠就吓得跳到椅子 上；少校则不以为然。 6.What'sthe meaning ofwhat really counts?" It means"something that is really important" 7.What's the meaning of"look"and"see"in this sentence? Look”means“to try to find something using your eyes”while "see” means"to use your eyes to look at things and know what they are." More examples: The twins looked at each other and smiled I can't see a thing without my glasses!

4 这几个形容词都含“赤裸的”之意。 bare 指缺少必要的遮盖物。用于人时，多指身体的部分裸露。例如： He exposed a bare back to the sun. 他把赤裸的背部暴露在日光下。 bald 指头上无发，地上无草木，树上无叶等。例如： He was already bald at the age of 25. 他 25 岁就秃顶了。 naked 指全身一丝不挂，暴露无遗。例如： They found the body lying half naked in the grass. 他们发现尸体半裸着躺在草丛中。 The children ran naked through the yard. 孩子们光着身子跑过院子。 nude 主要指人体裸露，也可指房间无装饰。例如： The boys went swimming in the nude. 男孩们 光着屁股去游泳 4.Why does the author say “though any naturalist would know it couldn’t be? ” Because cobras generally eat small animals such as rabbits and mice, a naturalist would tell us that milk is not a favorite food for the cobras. 5.Translate this sentence into Chinese 席间，一位年轻的女士与一位少校展开了激烈的讨论。年轻的女士认 为，妇女已经有所进步，不再像过去那样一见到老鼠就吓得跳到椅子 上；少校则不以为然。 6.What’s the meaning of “what really counts? ” It means “something that is really important” 7.What’s the meaning of “look” and “see” in this sentence? “Look” means “to try to find something using your eyes” while “see” means “to use your eyes to look at things and know what they are. ” More examples: The twins looked at each other and smiled I can’t see a thing without my glasses!

8.What'sthe meaning of"look'”and“see”in this sentence? Look”means"to try to find something using your eyes'”while“see' means"to use your eyes to look at things and know what they are." More examples: The twins looked at each other and smiled. I can't see a thing withoutmy glasses! 9.Paraphraseand analyze this part. 1)her muscles tightened almost unnoticeably 2)This is an absolute construction(独立主格结构)used as an adverbial ofbehavior or way.Instead ofv-ing form we can also use v-ed form,adjective,adverbial prepositional phrase,or even infinitive in this structure. More examples: He groaned and fell to the floor,blood streaming from his nose. He rushed into theroom,his face covered with sweat The girl entered the classroom,her nosered with cold. The attacker entered the dark room,gun in hand 10.What can we infer from this sentence? What the hostess tells the boy is so terrible that even a native boy feels astonished. 11.spring up:begin suddenly,increase or grow quickly and as if from nowhere 许多楼房已在原是一片沙漠的地带涌现出来。 Many buildings have sprung up in what wasa desert. A strange idea sprangup in her mind. 12.outgrow:vt.1)grow morethan 他长得比他哥哥还高。 He has outgrown his elder brother 2)growtoo large for The boy has outgrown this suit 3)lose or discard in the course of maturation

5 8.What’s the meaning of “look” and “see” in this sentence? “Look” means “to try to find something using your eyes” while “see” means “to use your eyes to look at things and know what they are. ” More examples: The twins looked at each other and smiled. I can’t see a thing without my glasses! 9.Paraphrase and analyze this part. 1) her muscles tightened almost unnoticeably. 2) This is an absolute construction（独立主格结构） used as an adverbial of behavior or way. Instead of v-ing form we can also use v-ed form, adjective, adverbial, prepositional phrase, or even infinitive in this structure. More examples: He groaned and fell to the floor, blood streaming from his nose. He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat The girl entered the classroom, her nose red with cold. The attacker entered the dark room, gun in hand 10.What can we infer from this sentence? What the hostess tells the boy is so terrible that even a native boy feels astonished. 11.spring up: begin suddenly, increase or grow quickly and as if from nowhere 许多楼房已在原是一片沙漠的地带涌现出来。 Many buildings have sprung up in what was a desert. A strange idea sprang up in her mind. 12.outgrow: vt. 1) grow more than 他长得比他哥哥还高。 He has outgrown his elder brother 2) grow too large for The boy has outgrown this suit. 3) lose or discard in the course of maturation

她长大成熟后不再拥有年轻时代的幻想。 She outgrew her youthful idealism He has outgrown these toys 13.jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse NB这是一个由定语从句(he era)when they would jump on a chair at the sight of a mouse变化而来的复合形容词。更多的例子如下： a not-so-easy-to-operate machine stick-in-the-mud people 14.crisis:n.time ofdifficulty,danger,etc Many American people lost their jobs in the economic crisis of 1929 但愿我们能度过这一危机时刻。 We hope we can survivethis time ofcrisis crisis emergency 这两个名词都有危急”之意。 ciss含义广泛，可指国家存亡、历史、经济或人的生命、疾病等面 临危急关头：也可指好的或恶化的转折点。 emergency多指突然发生的出乎意料的紧急情况或事故。 15.feel like:havea liking for,wish for;want(sth.to do sth.) 多么好的天气啊！我真想去游泳 What lovely weather!I do feel like a swim Mary doesn't feel like playingtennis today because she feels tired 16.count:vi.be of value or importance It's not the weapons but the men who use them that count. 你读了多少书并不重要，而你读了什么书才是真正重要的。 It is not how much you read but what you read that really counts. 17.argument:n. 1)discussionby persons who disagree,dispute The two teams were havingan argument over the score. The two countries held a lengthy argument about over the control of a tiny island. 2)reason given to support or disapprove sth 6

6 她长大成熟后不再拥有年轻时代的幻想。 She outgrew her youthful idealism He has outgrown these toys 13.jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse NB 这是一个由定语从句 (the era) when they would jump on a chair at the sight of a mouse 变化而来的复合形容词。更多的例子如下： a not-so-easy-to-operate machine stick-in-the-mud people 14. crisis: n. time of difficulty, danger, etc Many American people lost their jobs in the economic crisis of 1929. 但愿我们能度过这一危机时刻。 We hope we can survive this time of crisis. crisis & emergency 这两个名词都有“危急”之意。 crisis 含义广泛，可指国家存亡、历史、经济或人的生命、疾病等面 临危急关头；也可指好的或恶化的转折点。 emergency 多指突然发生的出乎意料的紧急情况或事故。 15.feel like: have a liking for, wish for; want (sth. to do sth.) 多么好的天气啊！我真想去游泳。 What lovely weather! I do feel like a swim. Mary doesn’t feel like playing tennis today because she feels tired. 16.count: vi. be of value or importance It's not the weapons but the men who use them that count. 你读了多少书并不重要，而你读了什么书才是真正重要的。 It is not how much you read but what you read that really counts. 17.argument: n. 1) discussion by persons who disagree; dispute The two teams were having an argument over the score. The two countries held a lengthy argument about / over the control of a tiny island. 2) reason given to support or disapprove sth

There are many arguments against smoking. 然而，他的论点是站不住脚的。 His argument,however,does not hold water. 18.contract:vi. 1)make or become tighter or narrower Her stomach contracted at the sight ofa cobra 2)make or become smaller or shorter 金属遇冷收缩 Metal contracts as it cools. "I am"is usually contracted to "I'm"in oral spceech 3)settle or arrange by formalarrangement Their firm has contracted to build a double-purpose bridge across the river. 我们商店与本地一家服装厂签订了每周100件外衣的合同。 Our shop contracted with a local clothing firm for 100 coats a week. 19.motion: 1.v.give a signal by moving the hand or head;signal to sb. Tom stood up,motioningto the bartender to bringhim another drink 护士用手指示意叫我过来。 The nurse motioned with her finger for me to come Seeing Diana in the doorway,I motioned her to the room 2.n. 1)signal by hand or head He made a motion with his hand,as if to tell me to keep back. 2)moving 千万不要在公共汽车还在动的时候上下车。 Never get on or off a bus while it is in motion 3)proposal to be discussed and voted on at a meeting The motion put forward by the chairman was adopted /carried but the motion by me was rejected

7 There are many arguments against smoking. 然而,他的论点是站不住脚的。 His argument, however, does not hold water. 18.contract: vi. 1) make or become tighter or narrower Her stomach contracted at the sight of a cobra 2) make or become smaller or shorter 金属遇冷收缩 Metal contracts as it cools. “I am” is usually contracted to “I'm” in oral speech 3) settle or arrange by formal arrangement Their firm has contracted to build a double-purpose bridge across the river. 我们商店与本地一家服装厂签订了每周 100 件外衣的合同。 Our shop contracted with a local clothing firm for 100 coats a week. 19.motion： 1. v. give a signal by moving the hand or head; signal to sb. Tom stood up, motioning to the bartender to bring him another drink. 护士用手指示意叫我过来。 The nurse motioned with her finger for me to come Seeing Diana in the doorway, I motioned her to the room. 2. n. 1) signal by hand or head He made a motion with his hand, as if to tell me to keep back. 2) moving 千万不要在公共汽车还在动的时候上下车。 Never get on or off a bus while it is in motion 3) proposal to be discussed and voted on at a meeting The motion put forward by the chairman was adopted / carried but the motion by me was rejected

20.1)Translate this sentence into Chinese. 在座的客人中除了那个美国人以外谁也没有注意到这一幕，也没有看 到那个男仆把一碗牛奶放在紧靠门边的走廊上。 2)Can we use"and"to replacethe word"or"in this sentence? Why or why not? No.Because according to the grammar you must use "or"instead of “and”after a negative word such as"none”and "not'” Moreexamples I do not like coffee or tea. The situation is just not fair on the children or their parents 21.1)Paraphrase this sentence. The American suddenly realizes what is happening and this startles him. 2)What can we infer from this sentence? Before he sees a bowl of milk being placed on the veranda,the American naturalist always keeps a relaxed and somewhat indifferent manner. 22.come to:1)be aware of,regain consciousness 2)occur to sb. 3)amount to,beequal to Directions:You are required to match the definitions above with the meaning of this phrase in the following sentences. The old lady fainted on the street and found herself in the first aid room when she came to Jim's rent comes to thirty per cent ofhis salary. The doctor applied some medicine and thedriver began to come to. It suddenly came to her that she had been wrongall along. 23.impulse:n.sudden wish to do sth. Don'tact on impulse.You will regret it later. She bought thedresson impulse. 24.warn:vt.give notice of possible danger to;inform in advance of what may happen Pattern:warnsb.ofsth.;warn sb.not to do sth.;warn sb.that-clause

8 20.1) Translate this sentence into Chinese. 在座的客人中除了那个美国人以外谁也没有注意到这一幕，也没有看 到那个男仆把一碗牛奶放在紧靠门边的走廊上。 2) Can we use “and” to replace the word “or” in this sentence? Why or why not? No. Because according to the grammar you must use “or” instead of “and” after a negative word such as “none” and “not”. More examples: I do not like coffee or tea. The situation is just not fair on the children or their parents 21.1) Paraphrase this sentence. The American suddenly realizes what is happening and this startles him. 2) What can we infer from this sentence? Before he sees a bowl of milk being placed on the veranda, the American naturalist always keeps a relaxed and somewhat indifferent manner. 22.come to: 1) be aware of, regain consciousness 2) occur to sb. 3) amount to, be equal to Directions:You are required to match the definitions above with the meaning of this phrase in the following sentences. The old lady fainted on the street and found herself in the first aid room when she came to. Jim’s rent comes to thirty per cent of his salary. The doctor applied some medicine and the driver began to come to. It suddenly came to her that she had been wrong all along. 23.impulse: n. sudden wish to do sth. Don’t act on impulse. You will regret it later. She bought the dress on impulse. 24.warn: vt. give notice of possible danger to; inform in advance of what may happen Pattern: warn sb. of sth.; warn sb. not to do sth.; warn sb. that-clause

We had warned him ofthe danger but he turned a deafear to our warning The boys were warned not to play with the matches 她曾提醒我们，那个冬季将非常寒冷。 She warned us that the winter would be severe. CF:caution,warn,advise counsel 这些动词均有“劝告、忠告、警告”之意。 caution主要指针对有潜在危险而提出的警告，含小心从事的意味。 例如： I received a caution from the doctor about fat in my diet 医生劝告我注意饮食中的脂肪量 warn含义与caution相同，但语气较重，尤指后果严重。例如 He warned us against pickpockets. 他提醒我们要小心扒手。 advise普通用词，泛指劝告，不涉及对方是否听从劝告。例如： His doctor advised him against smoking 他的医生建议他不要抽烟。 counsel正式用词，语气比advise强一些，着重指对重要问题提出的 劝告、建议或咨询。例如： My job involves counseling unemployed people on how to find work 我的工作就是给失业者提供如何找到工作的咨询。 25.frightensb.into doingsth.:causesb.to do sth.by frighteninghim Pattern:frighten sb.into(doing)sth.; frighten sb.out ofdoing sth.; frighten sb.+adv. A cobra emerged from behind the rock.This frightened the girl into screaming. He waved his torch to frighten away/off the wolf. 26.tone:n 1)quality in one's voice,style She was speaking now in a cold sarcastictone 别用那种腔调跟我说话。 9

9 We had warned him of the danger but he turned a deaf ear to our warning. The boys were warned not to play with the matches 她曾提醒我们，那个冬季将非常寒冷。 She warned us that the winter would be severe. CF: caution, warn, advise & counsel 这些动词均有“劝告、忠告、警告”之意。 caution 主要指针对有潜在危险而提出的警告，含小心从事的意味。 例如： I received a caution from the doctor about fat in my diet. 医生劝告我注意饮食中的脂肪量 warn 含义与 caution 相同，但语气较重，尤指后果严重。例如 He warned us against pickpockets. 他提醒我们要小心扒手。 advise 普通用词，泛指劝告，不涉及对方是否听从劝告。例如： His doctor advised him against smoking 他的医生建议他不要抽烟。 counsel 正式用词，语气比 advise 强一些，着重指对重要问题提出的 劝告、建议或咨询。例如： My job involves counseling unemployed people on how to find work. 我的工作就是给失业者提供如何找到工作的咨询。 25.frighten sb. into doing sth.: cause sb. to do sth. by frightening him Pattern: frighten sb. into (doing) sth.; frighten sb. out of doing sth.; frighten sb. + adv. A cobra emerged from behind the rock. This frightened the girl into screaming. He waved his torch to frighten away / off the wolf. 26.tone: n 1) quality in one's voice, style She was speaking now in a cold sarcastic tone. 别用那种腔调跟我说话

Don't speakto me in that tone 2)the effect of light and shade The colors ofthe birds in the picture matched the tones ofthe sky 3)sound with regard to highness,lowness,or strength 汤姆的吉他音质很好 Tom's guitar hasa nice tone Mandarin Chinese has four tones 27.What can we infer from this part? The host only knows part of the story.That's to say,he only knows the American jumps to slam the door when he finds the existence of a cobra but he doesn'tknow the cobrais crawlingacross his wife's foot. 28.Why does the Americanask this question? Because he wants to know whether it's true that the hostess is calmer than him. 29.Why does the Americanask this question? Because he wants to know whether it's true that the hostess is calmer than him. 30.Whatcan welearn from this sentence? The author just wants to come to the conclusion that in this story the hostess is calmer than the American.That's to say,sometimes women are calmer than men. 31.emerge:vi.come or appear(from somewhere) He emerged from behind the tree. 太阳从云层后面露出来。 The sun emerged from behind the clouds. If the economy goes on like this,another crisis will emerge soon. CF:emerge,appear loom 这三个动词均有“出现”之意 emerge强调缓缓出现的过程。 appear强调公开露面，被看见： loom指朦胧出现，好像从雾中浮现出来一样。 之

10 Don't speak to me in that tone 2) the effect of light and shade The colors of the birds in the picture matched the tones of the sky. 3) sound with regard to highness, lowness, or strength 汤姆的吉他音质很好 Tom's guitar has a nice tone. Mandarin Chinese has four tones. 27.What can we infer from this part? The host only knows part of the story. That’s to say, he only knows the American jumps to slam the door when he finds the existence of a cobra but he doesn’t know the cobra is crawling across his wife’s foot. 28.Why does the American ask this question? Because he wants to know whether it’s true that the hostess is calmer than him. 29.Why does the American ask this question? Because he wants to know whether it’s true that the hostess is calmer than him. 30.What can we learn from this sentence? The author just wants to come to the conclusion that in this story the hostess is calmer than the American. That’s to say, sometimes women are calmer than men. 31.emerge: vi. come or appear (from somewhere) He emerged from behind the tree. 太阳从云层后面露出来。 The sun emerged from behind the clouds. If the economy goes on like this, another crisis will emerge soon. CF: emerge, appear & loom 这三个动词均有“出现”之意 emerge 强调缓缓出现的过程。 appear 强调公开露面，被看见。 loom 指朦胧出现，好像从雾中浮现出来一样