《儿科学》课程教学课件（PPT讲稿）12 Acute Convulsion in Children

Acute convulsion in Children

Acute convulsion in Children

lcute gonvulsion in Chiidrelcontents Definitions Causes of acute seizuresFebrile seizuresBacterial Meningitis Exams and Testsfor seizures Treatment of acute seizures

co ntents □ Definitions □ C a uses of acute seizures Febrile seizures Bacterial Meningitis □ Exams and Tests for seizures □ Treatment of acute seizures Acute convulsion in Children

Acute convulsion in ChildrelD efin itionsEpileptic Seizuresmanifestation of transient excessiveabnormal hypersynchronous dischargesof corticalneurons, that isapparent eitherto the subject or an observer中中频上回中央后回额中间mN外侧沟顶盗上额中回

D efinitions □ Epileptic Seizures manifestation of transient excessive abnormal hypersynchronous discharges of corticalneurons, that isapparent either to the subject or an observer Acute convulsion in Children

lcute gonvulsion in ChiidrelD efin ition s The clinical signsor symptoms of seizuresdepend on the location of the epilepticdischarges in the cortexand the extent andpattern of the propagation of the epilepticdischarge inthe brain. May be manifestedas a motor, sensory, autonomic, cognitive,or psychicdisturbance

D efinitions □ The clinicalsigns or symptoms of seizures depend on the location of the epileptic discharges in the cortex and the extent and pattern of the propagation of the epileptic discharge in the brain. May be manifested as a motor, sensory, autonomic, cognitive, or psychicdisturbance. Acute convulsion in Children

Acute convulsion inChildrelDefinitions Epileptic Seizures are abnormal brain functions,manifestation of the change in movement,attention, or level of awareness. Seizures mayoccurformanyreasons. Different types of seizures ma y occur in differentpartsof the brainand may be localized (affectonlya part of the body) or widespread (affect the whole中央前沟中央前回中央汽body).频上回中央后回额中国额上央后下频下回外侧沟充顶盗随上额中回

Definitions □ Epileptic Seizures are abnormal brain functions, manifestation of the change in movement, attention, or level of awareness. Seizures m a y occur for many reasons. □ Different types of seizures may occur in different parts of the brain and may be localized (affectonly a part of the body) or widespread (affectthe whole body). Acute convulsion in Children

Aeute convulsion in ChildrerD efin ition s Convulsive seizures (convulsion): isa subtype ofseizure in which abnormal motor activity occurs,noted by uncontrollablemuscle jerking lasting for afew minutes, usually less than 5 minutes,followedby a period of drowsiness. Epilepsy: a chronic disorder of the braincharacterizedbyrecurrent,unprovokedepilepticseizures

D efinitio ns □ Convulsive seizures (convulsion): is a subtype of seizure in which abnormal motor activity occurs, noted by uncontrollable muscle jerkinglasting for a few minutes, usually less than 5 minutes ,followed by a period of drowsiness. □ Epilepsy: a chronic disorder of the brain characterized by recurrent, unprovoked epileptic seizures. Acute convulsion in Children

癫痫样发作（痫性发作，epileptic seizures 或 seizures）口大脑皮层神经元异常同步放电引起的暂时性脑功能异常临床可有多种发作症状（包括运动、感觉异常、行为认知、植物神经功能障碍等）分为惊厥性痫样发作（惊厥）、非惊厥性痫样口发作发作性、并有自限性、大多短暂口额上回电央后国上可发生于急性疾病、慢性疾病额中回口下外侧沟Tm额中回

癫痫样发作（痫性发作，epileptic seizures 或 seizures） □ 大脑皮层神经元异常同步放电引起的暂时性脑 功能异常 临床可有多种发作症状（包括运动、感觉异常、行为 认知、植物神经功能障碍等） □ 分为惊厥性痫样发作（惊厥）、非惊厥性痫样 发作 □ 发作性、并有自限性、大多短暂 □ 可发生于急性疾病、慢性疾病

惊厥(Convulsion)口神经元异常放电部位：起源于大脑皮层运动区口脑功能障碍基本表现：抽搐（全身或局部骨骼肌的不自主收缩口可伴有不同程度意识障碍

惊厥（Convulsion） □ 神经元异常放电部位：起源于大脑皮层运 动区 □ 脑功能障碍基本表现：抽搐（全身或局 部骨骼肌的不自主收缩） □ 可伴有不同程度意识障碍

lcutecouvulsioninchildreClassification of EpilepticSeizures(InternationalLeague Against Epilepsy,1981)partial-onset seizures:discharges begin ina focal area of口the cerebral cortex, therefore involve only a part of thebodygeneralized-onset seizures:have an onset recordedsimultaneouslyinboth cerebral hemispheres.They aregroupedinto2types:convulsive (musclejerking)andnonconvulsive seizure. unclassifiedseizures:seizures are diffiault tofitintoasingleclass

Classification of Epileptic Seizures (InternationalLeague Against Epilepsy,1981) □ partial-onset seizures: discharges begin in a focal area of the cerebral cortex, therefore involve only a part of the body □ generalized-onset seizures: have an onset recorded simultaneously in both cerebral hemispheres. They are grouped into 2 types: convulsive (muscle jerking)and nonconvulsive seizure. □ unclassifiedseizures :seizures are difficult to fitinto a single class Acute convulsion in Children

Acute gonvulsion in ChildrelClassification of Epileptic SeizuresPartial-onset seizuresfurther classifiedas simple partial seizures, complexpartial seizures, or secondarily generalized tonic-clonicseizures. Simple partial seizures: seizures with preservedconsciousness. There are many kinds of simplepartial seizuresinclude sensory, motor, autonomic,and psychic types. The diagnosis isbased on therepeated, stereotypic occurrence of the sameexperience inassociation with focalE E G changes

Classification of Epileptic Seizures - Partial-onset seizures further classified as simple partial seizures, complex partial seizures, or secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures. □ Simple partial seizures: seizures with preserved consciousness. There are m a n y kinds of simple partialseizures include sensory, motor, autonomic, and psychic types. The diagnosis is based on the repeated, stereotypic occurrence of the s a m e experience in association with focal EEG changes. Acute convulsion in Children