《微生物生理学》课程教学课件（讲稿）第四章 微生物的合成代谢（1/7）

第四章 微生物的合成代谢

第四章 微生物的合成代谢

Principles Governing Biosynthesis macromolecules are synthesized from limited number of simple structural units (monomers) -saves genetic storage capacity,biosynthetic raw material,and energy many enzymes used for both catabolic and anabolic processes saves materials and energy

Principles Governing Biosynthesis • macromolecules are synthesized from limited number of simple structural units (monomers ) – saves genetic storage capacity, biosynthetic raw material, and energy • many enzymes used for both catabolic and anabolic processes – saves materials and energy

More principles. ·catabolic and Anabolic anabolic pathways Amphibolic are not identical. despite sharing many enzymes - permits 0 independent E regulation 日 A

More principles. • catabolic and anabolic pathways are not identical, despite sharing many enzymes – permits independent regulation

More principles. ● to synthesize molecules efficiently,anabolic pathways must operate irreversibly in the direction of biosynthesis done by coupling breakdown of ATP to certain reactions in biosynthetic pathways - drives the biosynthetic reaction to completion in eucaryotes,anabolic and catabolic reactions located in separate compartments allows pathways to operate simultaneously but independently

More principles. • to synthesize molecules efficiently, anabolic pathways must operate irreversibly in the direction of biosynthesis – done by coupling breakdown of ATP to certain reactions in biosynthetic pathways – drives the biosynthetic reaction to completion • in eucaryotes, anabolic and catabolic reactions located in separate compartments – allows pathways to operate simultaneously but independently

More principles. catabolic and anabolic pathways use different cofactors catabolism produces NADH -NADPH used as electron donor for anabolism large assemblies (e.g.,ribosomes)form spontaneously from macromolecules by self-assembly

More principles. • catabolic and anabolic pathways use different cofactors – catabolism produces NADH – NADPH used as electron donor for anabolism • large assemblies (e.g., ribosomes) form spontaneously from macromolecules by self-assembly

Precursor Metabolites generation of precursor metabolites is critical step in anabolism carbon skeletons are used as starting substrates for biosynthetic pathways -examples are intermediates of the central metabolic pathways most are used for the biosynthesis of amino acids

Precursor Metabolites • generation of precursor metabolites is critical step in anabolism • carbon skeletons are used as starting substrates for biosynthetic pathways – examples are intermediates of the central metabolic pathways – most are used for the biosynthesis of amino acids

The Organization of Anabolism Nucleosides Ribose-(P se-4-⊙ Glycerol-Triose-p Phenylalanine Tyrosine Tryptophar 3-phosphoglycerate Glycine Purines Histidine nolpyruvate Pyrimidines Threonine uccinyl-CoA Porphyrins 白to Arainine

7 The Organization of Anabolism

口本章的主要内容 ATP的利用和生物合成速率 C02的固定 一碳、二碳有机化合物的同化 糖类的合成 脂类的合成 含氮有机化合物的合成

‰本章的主要内容 ATP的利用和生物合成速率 含氮有机化合物的合成 CO2的固定 一碳、二碳有机化合物的同化 脂类的合成 糖类的合成

第四章微生物的合成代谢 口本章的主要内容 糖类的合成 √单糖的合成和相互转化 √寡糖及多聚糖的合成 √细胞壁的合成

糖类的合成 9单糖的合成和相互转化 9寡糖及多聚糖的合成 9细胞壁的合成 第四章 微生物的合成代谢 ‰本章的主要内容

第四章微生物的合成代谢 口本章的主要内容 脂类的合成 √脂肪酸的合成 √磷脂的合成 √聚-B羟基丁酸的合成 萜类的合成

9脂肪酸的合成 9磷脂的合成 脂类的合成 9聚-β羟基丁酸的合成 9萜类的合成 第四章 微生物的合成代谢 ‰本章的主要内容