长沙理工大学：《结构设计原理》课程教学资源（PPT课件）Chapter 0 General Introduction

JPKIC 结构设计原理 Main content of this chapter jhepniiplestncturedesgn The concept of structure and future prospects Features and learning methods for the course The contents and learning requirements ●Projects examples

⚫ The concept of structure and future prospects ⚫ Features and learning methods for the course ⚫ The contents and learning requirements ⚫ Projects examples Main content of this chapter

Three major breakthrough Civil Engineering: JIPKIC 结构设计原理 The principle of structure design Early humans:use of soil,stone,wood and other natural materials in the construction activities. First breakthrough:113 century BC,invented a brick,tile-based artificial materials in pressure,that is wood,brick(stone)structure of the rise of the era,such as:the Great Wall,the pyramids,metrical. Second breakthrough:the 17th century,cast iron,19th century wrought iron,steel, high-quality mid-19th century(man-made resistance to tension and compression materials)appears,the rise of the age of steel,for example,high-300m of the Eiffel Tower,main span of 512m of the Fox Channel and other steel structures. Third breakthrough:19~20 century,the emergence of reinforced concrete structures. After the iron and steel and cement production,until the beginning of this century to solve the computational theory of reinforced concrete structures,and prestress losses of prestressed concrete structures,anchorage,reinforced concrete structure has been widely applied in civil engineering.It was in dominant state

Three major breakthrough Civil Engineering: Early humans: use of soil, stone, wood and other natural materials in the construction activities. First breakthrough: 113 century BC, invented a brick, tile-based artificial materials in pressure, that is wood, brick (stone) structure of the rise of the era, such as: the Great Wall, the pyramids, metrical. Second breakthrough: the 17th century, cast iron, 19th century wrought iron, steel, high-quality mid-19th century (man-made resistance to tension and compression materials) appears, the rise of the age of steel, for example, high-300m of the Eiffel Tower, main span of 512m of the Fox Channel and other steel structures. Third breakthrough: 19 ~ 20 century, the emergence of reinforced concrete structures. After the iron and steel and cement production, until the beginning of this century to solve the computational theory of reinforced concrete structures, and prestress losses of prestressed concrete structures, anchorage, reinforced concrete structure has been widely applied in civil engineering. It was in dominant state

JPKIC 结构设计原，理 jhepniplesttctredesig Principles of Structural Design "is an important technical foundation course,which is a subject that learned the "material mechanical","construction materials","Structural Mechanics"and other prior courses combining with structural features of the actual components to investigate the design of structural elements. Therefore,it is a absolutely practical subject

" Principles of Structural Design " is an important technical foundation course, which is a subject that learned the “material mechanical", "construction materials", "Structural Mechanics" and other prior courses combining with structural features of the actual components to investigate the design of structural elements. Therefore, it is a absolutely practical subject

§0.1 Basic concepts JIPKIC 结构设计原理 The principle of structure design 1.Structure:load-bearing skeleton for carrying and transmitting loads. For example:a bridge structure,pier and foundation composes the bridge's load- carrying system,which is termed as bridge structure. 2.Component:the basic unit of a structure According to the mechanical characteristics:flexural members(beams and plates). compressed members,tensioned members,and the torsion component,etc,the typical basic elements

1. Structure: load-bearing skeleton for carrying and transmitting loads. For example: a bridge structure, pier and foundation composes the bridge's load￾carrying system, which is termed as bridge structure. 2. Component:the basic unit of a structure According to the mechanical characteristics: flexural members (beams and plates), compressed members, tensioned members, and the torsion component, etc, the typical basic elements. §0.1 Basic concepts

JPKIC 结构设计原理 Tfeprniipledistnctiredesign 3.Structures in the course:all structures included in highway Route. For example:bridges,culverts,retaining walls,etc What is Principles of Structural Design? Design:for the activities to be carried out,according to a theoretical basis, people pre-plan and arrange to make the expected activities reasonably conducted

3. Structures in the course: all structures included in highway Route. For example: bridges, culverts, retaining walls, etc What is Principles of Structural Design? Design: for the activities to be carried out, according to a theoretical basis, people pre-plan and arrange to make the expected activities reasonably conducted

JPKic 结构设计原理 The principle of structure design For the bridge structure,according to mechanical behavior of the main load-bearing structure,the bridge structure can be divided into: ● Beam bridge (in flexure) Arch bridge (in compression) Frame rigid bridge (beam combination) Suspension bridge (in tension) Cable-stayed bridge (combinational stress)

For the bridge structure, according to mechanical behavior of the main load-bearing structure, the bridge structure can be divided into: ⚫ Beam bridge (in flexure) ⚫ Arch bridge (in compression) ⚫ Frame rigid bridge (beam combination) ⚫ Suspension bridge (in tension) ⚫ Cable-stayed bridge (combinational stress)

Beam bridge JIPKIC 结构计原黑 Changsha Moon Island Highway&Railway Bridge (Main Bridge:continuous bridge;Approach:simple beam bridge)

Changsha Moon Island Highway&Railway Bridge (Main Bridge: continuous bridge; Approach: simple beam bridge) Beam bridge

Arch bridge JPKIC 结构设计原理 re design Wuchao River Bridge,Fenghuang County,Hunan province(L=120m) (The longest stone arch bridge)

Wuchao River Bridge, Fenghuang County, Hunan province (L = 120m) (The longest stone arch bridge) Arch bridge

Frame rigid bridge) JPKIC 结构设计原理 jhepniplestctredesig continuous rigid frame bridge L=270m,is a auxiliary channel of Humen Bridge

continuous rigid frame bridge L=270m, is a auxiliary channel of Humen Bridge Frame rigid bridge )

suspension bridge 江阴大桥 主跨1385m) 中国第一世界第四 大 2000 主体设计单位：中交公路规划设计院（原交通部公路规划设计院） Main span is 1385 m

suspension bridge Main span is 1385 m