黑龙江农业经济职业学院：《经济法基础》课程教学资源（PPT课件，双语版）供给理论及其应用——供给函数与供给定理 Supply Function and Theorem

Chapter Two Supply Theory and its application 第2章供给理论及其应用 2.1 Supply Function and Theorem 供给函数与供给定理

Chapter Two Supply Theory and its Application 第2章 供给理论及其应用 2.1 Supply Function and Theorem 供给函数与供给定理

教学目标 Objectives: ■理解供给的含义 ■明确如何区分供给量的变动和供给变动 ■学会分析供给受不同因素影响的变化情况 学会运用所学知识解释或解决一些现实问题 知识点 Knowledge: 供给的含义、影响供给的因素 供给曲线 影响供给弹性的因素 技能点 skills 分析各因素对供给的影响 正确区分供给量的变动和供给变动 ■分析日常经济现象 ■利用所学知识解决一些现实问题

教学目标Objectives： ▪ 理解供给的含义 ▪ 明确如何区分供给量的变动和供给变动 ▪ 学会分析供给受不同因素影响的变化情况 ▪ 学会运用所学知识解释或解决一些现实问题 知识点Knowledge： 供给的含义、影响供给的因素 供给曲线 影响供给弹性的因素 技能点Skills： ▪ 分析各因素对供给的影响 ▪ 正确区分供给量的变动和供给变动 ▪ 分析日常经济现象 ▪ 利用所学知识解决一些现实问题

专业词汇 Professional terms Supply Government policy Supply function F Price elasticity of supl ply Supply curve Output Cost Market Supply Supplier The aims of producer profit maximization The price of product Change in technology Change in input prices

Supply Government policy Supply Function Price elasticity of supply Supply Curve Output Cost Market Supply Supplier The aims of producer profit maximization The price of product Change in technology Change in input prices 专业词汇Professional terms

、什么是供给( supply a Supply The different quantities of a good that producers are willing and able to provide or sell at various prices over a given time period Supply curve a graph showing the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity of the good supplied over a given period of time 供给是指在某一特定时期内,在每一价格水平时厂商(生产 者)愿意而且能够出售的商品量

一、什么是供给(supply) ◼ Supply The different quantities of a good that producers are willing and able to provide or sell at various prices over a given time period. Supply curve A graph showing the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity of the good supplied over a given period of time. ▪ 供给是指在某一特定时期内，在每一价格水平时厂商（生产 者）愿意而且能够出售的商品量

什么是供给( supply) 供给概念的理解 供给不同于供给量 供给也需要同时具备两个条件:一是生产者愿意出售,二是 生产者有供给能力 供给也分为个人供给和市场供给 ■供给量不一定等于实际销售量

一、什么是供给 (supply) 供给概念的理解： ▪ 供给不同于供给量 ▪ 供给也需要同时具备两个条件：一是生产者愿意出售，二是 生产者有供给能力 ▪ 供给也分为个人供给和市场供给 ▪ 供给量不一定等于实际销售量

二、供给的影响因素 As firms supply more, they are likely to find that beyond a certain level of output, costs rise more and more rapidly. a Given time, if the price of a good remains high new producers will be encouraged to set up in production. Total market supply thus rises The number of suppliers

二、供给的影响因素 ▪ As firms supply more, they are likely to find that beyond a certain level of output, costs rise more and more rapidly. ▪ Given time, if the price of a good remains high, new producers will be encouraged to set up in production. Total market supply thus rises. ▪ The number of suppliers

二、供给的影响因素 厂商的目标 商品本身的价格 生产技术 生产要素的价格 相关商品的价格 厂商对未来的预期 政府的政策

二、供给的影响因素 ▪ 厂商的目标 ▪ 商品本身的价格 ▪ 生产技术 ▪ 生产要素的价格 ▪ 相关商品的价格 ▪ 厂商对未来的预期 ▪ 政府的政策

二、供给的影响因素 a The aims of producers For most of the time we shall assume that firms are profit maximization The price of product The higher the price of the good, the more profitable it becomes to produce a Change in technology Technolo gical advances can fundamentally alter the costs of production a Change in input prices Costs of production will rise if wages, raw material price, rents, interest rates or any other input prices rIse a The profitability of goods in joint supply Sometimes when one good is produced another good is also produced expectations of future price changes Government policy Costs will be lowered by government subsidies and raised by various taxes

二、供给的影响因素 ▪ The aims of producers For most of the time we shall assume that firms are profit maximization. ▪ The price of product The higher the price of the good, the more profitable it becomes to produce. ▪ Change in technology Technological advances can fundamentally alter the costs of production. ▪ Change in input prices Costs of production will rise if wages, raw material price, rents, interest rates or any other input prices rise. ▪ The profitability of goods in joint supply Sometimes when one good is produced, another good is also produced. ▪ expectations of future price changes ▪ Government policy Costs will be lowered by government subsidies and raised by various taxes

三、供给函数( Supply function) 用函数关系表示影响供给的因素与供给量之间的数量对应关 系 S=f(a, b 只考虑总供给量与价格之间的关系 S=f(p)

三、供给函数（Supply function） ▪ 用函数关系表示影响供给的因素与供给量之间的数量对应关 系 ▪ S=f(a,b,c,---,n) ▪ 只考虑总供给量与价格之间的关系 ▪ S=f(p)

四、供给定理 Sup小 y and price a When the price of a good rises, the quantity supplied ill also rise 供给曲线的例外 P 0 Q 0 图2-2供给曲线 的例外

四、供给定理 ▪ Supply and price ▪ When the price of a good rises, the quantity supplied will also rise. ▪ 供给曲线的例外 图2-2 供给曲线 的例外 S P 0 Q (b) P 0 Q (a) S P 0 Q (c) S