《生物化学》课程PPT教学课件（留学生）Chapter 31 Structure and Function of RNA

BIOCHEMISTRYANDMOLECULARBIOLOGYChapter31Structure and FunctionofRNADepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,Medicine School

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medicine School BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Chapter 31 Structure and Function of RNA

BIOCHEMISTRYANDMOLECULARBIOLOGYOutline*overview* The Structure and Function of Messenger RNA*The Structure and function of tRNA* The Structure and function of ribosome RNA*Synthesis ofRNADepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,Medicine School

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medicine School BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Outline *overview * The Structure and Function of Messenger RNA *The Structure and function of tRNA * The Structure and function of ribosome RNA *Synthesis of RNA

ABIOCHEMISTRYANDMOLECULARBIOLOGY1.overviewClassification, distribution and function of RNAFunctionMitochondrionNucleus and cytosolrRNArRNAmt rRNAComponentof ribosomeTemplateforproteinmRNAmRNAmt mRNAsynthesisTransfer aminotRNAtRNAmt tRNAacidHeterogeneousnuclear RNAPremature of mRNAHnRNASmall nuclearSnRNARNASplicingand transfertohnRNASmall nucleolarSnoRNAModify rRNARNAComponentof proteinSmall cytoplasmicSCRNA/7SL-RNAlocalization signalRNArecognitionsysteminEReSchool

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medicine School BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Classification, distribution and function of RNA 1. overview

BIOCHEMISTRYANDMOLECULARBIOLOGY2.The StructureandFunctionofMessengerRNACharacteristic of structure mRNA:1. 5' Capping is in the most of eukaryote the cap is a 7-methyl guanosine- m7GpppNm-2.Most eukaryotic mRNA have a chain of 40 to 200adenine nucleotides attached to the 3'-endDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,Medicine School

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medicine School BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2. The Structure and Function of Messenger RNA * Characteristic of structure mRNA: 1. 5’ Capping is in the most of eukaryote the cap is a 7- methyl guanosine- m7GpppNm- . 2. Most eukaryotic mRNA have a chain of 40 to 200 adenine nucleotides attached to the 3’-end

BIOCHEMISTRYANDMOLECULARBIOLOGYThe Structure of Cap5'cap3'polyAAUGGUGG.GCGAGGTGTATIGA.3'untranslation5'untranslationCoding regionregionregionDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,Medicine School

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medicine School BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY The Structure of Cap 5’cap 3’polyA 5’ untranslation region 3’untranslation region Coding region

BIOCHEMISTRYANDMOLECULARBIOLOGYThe Structure of CapCH3HN?OCN鸟嘌岭H2C-CHP0P.OOOOO9OH OHOP.0OCAAA-OH3'Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,Medicine School

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medicine School BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY The Structure of Cap

BIOCHEMISTRYANDMOLECULARBIOLOGYThefunction of capandpolyAmRNAmove from nucleus to cytosol·Maintain the stability of mRNA.The regulation of translation initiationDepartment of Biochemistryand Molecular Biology,Medicine School

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medicine School BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY The function of cap and polyA •mRNA move from nucleus to cytosol •Maintain the stability of mRNA •The regulation of translation initiation

BIOCHEMISTRYANDMOLECULARBIOLOGY*FunctionofmRNACarry DNA genetic information transferto ribosome determining the amino acidsequence of proteinProkaryoteEukaryotenucleuSintronexonDNADNATranscriptionTranscriptionhnRNAmRNASplicingandtransferTranslationmRNAProteinTranslation蛋白neSchoolDepartmentofBiochemistryandMolecul

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medicine School BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY *Function of mRNA Carry DNA genetic information transfer to ribosome determining the amino acid sequence of protein DNA mRNA Protein Transcription Translation Prokaryote nucleus DNA intron exon Transcription Splicing and transfer mRNA hnRNA Translation 蛋白 Eukaryote

BIOCHEMISTRYANDMOLECULARBIOLOGY3.TheStructureandFunctionoftRNA* Primary structure of tRNA> Contain 10~20% rare base, such as DHU> 3'end is CCA-OH>Most of 5end is G> Contain TyCDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,Medicine School

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medicine School BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 3. The Structure and Function of tRNA * Primary structure of tRNA ➢ Contain 10~20% rare base, such as DHU ➢ 3´end is — CCA-OH ➢ Most of 5´ end is G ➢ Contain TC

BIOCHEMISTRYANDMOLECULARBIOLOGY00Rare baseHNNH/H-NHCH3NHHNNHHCH3Dihydrogen uracilN,N dimethyl guanineS0NNNHNHNNH0InosineDepartment of Biochemistry and Moeulfthydryl.uraclicineSchool

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medicine School BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY N NH NH N N O CH3 CH3 NH NH O O H H H H NH NH S O Rare base N,N dimethyl guanine Dihydrogen uracil Inosine 4-sulfhydryl uracil