《综合英语》课程教学资源Ⅱ_35342_课程资源_综合英语II_Unut 12——Words and phrases

Words Expressions He was anticipating the tongue-lashing that this proud and precise pilot would unleash for his carelessness. 他以为这位骄傲和严格的驾驶员肯定会为此严厉地斥责他。 Daniel was eagerly anticipating her arrival. anticipate anticipation 丹尼尔热切地期待她的到来。 anticipatory We anticipated our competitors by getting our book into the shops first. 我们抢在竞争对手之前先把书送往书店出售。 1.to guess or imagine in advance (what will happen)and take the necessary action in order to be ready预料到（会发生某事）而做好准备，预防 2. to think about sth.that is going to happen,esp.sth.pleasant 3.to do sth.before someone else抢在（他人）之前，先于.前行动

Words & Expressions He was _ the tongue-lashing that this proud and precise pilot would unleash for his carelessness. Daniel was eagerly _ her arrival. We _ our competitors by getting our book into the shops first. anticipate anticipation anticipatory 我们抢在竞争对手之前先把书送往书店出售。 丹尼尔热切地期待她的到来。 他以为这位骄傲和严格的驾驶员肯定会为此严厉地斥责他。 anticipating anticipating anticipated 1. to guess or imagine in advance (what will happen) and take the necessary action in order to be ready 预料到（会发生某事）而做好准备，预防 2. to think about sth. that is going to happen, esp. sth. pleasant 期待 3. to do sth. before someone else 抢在（他人）之前，先于.前行动

Words Expressions The dog's hair bristled (up)when the visitors came to the door. 当来访者走近大门时，那条狗的毛都竖起来了。 They bristled(with anger)at his rudeness. 看到他如此粗暴，他们都怒发冲冠。 bristle vi. We are dealing with creatures of emotion, creatures bristling with prejudices. 我们在和有感情的动物打交道，他们会因为偏激 而怒发冲冠。 bristle:1.if an animal's hair bristles,it stands up stiffly because the animal is afraid or angry 2.to suddenly become very annoyed or offended at what sb.says or does bristle with:to have plenty of sth.esp.unpleasant or unattractive;be full of

Words & Expressions The dog’s hair _ (up) when the visitors came to the door. They bristled (_ anger) _his rudeness. We are dealing with creatures of emotion, creatures _ prejudices. bristle [ vi. ] bristle：1. if an animal’s hair bristles, it stands up stiffly because the animal is afraid or angry 2. to suddenly become very annoyed or offended at what sb. says or does bristle with: to have plenty of sth. esp. unpleasant or unattractive; be full of 我们在和有感情的动物打交道，他们会因为偏激 而怒发冲冠。 看到他如此粗暴，他们都怒发冲冠。 当来访者走近大门时，那条狗的毛都竖起来了。 bristled with at bristling with

Words Expressions See that the proofreader retains his suggestions in the mush of his decayed brain. 让那个校对员把改动我稿子的建议统统留在他那一堆正在腐烂的 脑浆糊里。 Perhaps all nations decay in he course of time. decay 也许所有国家都会随着时间的推移而衰退。 The empty house has fallen into decay 那所空着的房子已在朽烂。 v.1.to(cause to)go through destructive chemical changes(使)腐坏 2.to fall to a lower or worse state;DECLINE衰落，衰败 n.L.the process or state of decaying衰落，颓废 2.the decayed parts of the teeth龋齿，蛀牙

Words & Expressions See that the proofreader retains his suggestions in the mush of his _ brain. Perhaps all nations _ in he course of time. The empty house has fallen into _. decay v. 1. to (cause to) go through destructive chemical changes （使）腐坏 2. to fall to a lower or worse state; DECLINE 衰落，衰败 n. 1. the process or state of decaying 衰落，颓废 2. the decayed parts of the teeth 龋齿，蛀牙 那所空着的房子已在朽烂。 也许所有国家都会随着时间的推移而衰退。 让那个校对员把改动我稿子的建议统统留在他那一堆正在腐烂的 脑浆糊里。 decayed decay decay

Words Expressions Did he indulge in criticism. 他喜欢批评人吗？ They may spoil their grandchildren by indulging them too much. 他们对小孙子太迁就可能会宠坏他们。 indulge I never indulae children withplenty of pocket indulgence money. self-indulgent 我从不放任子女花大量零用钱。 know it's very self-indulgent of me,but I'm going to have another piece of cake. 我知道这样太放纵自己了，但我还想再吃一块蛋糕。 1.vi.vt.to let yourself do or have something that you enjoy,especially something that is considered bad for you(indulge in.:indulge oneself)(非正式)（让自己）享受 一下，（使自己）沉溺于 2.v.to let (oneself or someone else)have or do what they want,esp.habitually 迁就，放任

Words & Expressions Did he _ criticism. They may spoil their grandchildren by _ them too much. I never _ children _ plenty of pocket money. indulge indulgence self-indulgent 我从不放任子女花大量零用钱。 他们对小孙子太迁就可能会宠坏他们。 他喜欢批评人吗？ I know it’s very _ of me, but I’m going to have another piece of cake. 我知道这样太放纵自己了，但我还想再吃一块蛋糕。 indulge in indulging indulge with self-indulgent 1. vi. & vt. to let yourself do or have something that you enjoy, especially something that is considered bad for you (indulge in.; indulge oneself) （非正式）（让自己）享受 一下，（使自己）沉溺于 2. vt. to let (oneself or someone else) have or do what they want, esp. habitually 纵容 ，迁就，放任

Words Expressions We are dealing with creatures of emotion, creatures motivated by pride and vanity. 我们和有感情的动物打交道，他们受骄傲和虚弱所驱使。 We've got to try and motivate our salesmen. 我们得设法调动推销员的积极性。 motivate You need some motivation for losing weight, motivation like buying yourself a suit a smaller size. motive 你需要一些减肥的动力，比如说给你自己买件小一号的 西装穿穿。 A weasel giving New Year's greetings to a hen has ulterior motives 黄鼠狼给鸡拜年一没安好心。 motivate:v. 1.(often passive)to be the reason someone does sth.成.的动机 2.to make someone want to achieve sth.and make them willing to work hard in order to do this激发，激励 motivation::n.in this case it has the similar meaning to“drive"激励，动力，g驱动力 motive:n.a reason sb.does sth,esp.when this reason is kept hidden一个具体行为 的动机、意图，有针对性，常含有负面或贬义成分

Words & Expressions We are dealing with creatures of emotion, creatures _ by pride and vanity. We’ve got to try and _ our salesmen. You need some _ _ losing weight, like buying yourself a suit a smaller size. motivate motivation motive 你需要一些减肥的动力，比如说给你自己买件小一号的 西装穿穿。 我们得设法调动推销员的积极性。 我们和有感情的动物打交道，他们受骄傲和虚弱所驱使。 A weasel giving New Year’s greetings to a hen has ulterior _. 黄鼠狼给鸡拜年-没安好心。 motivated motivate motivation for motives motivate: v. 1. (often passive) to be the reason someone does sth. 成.的动机 2. to make someone want to achieve sth. and make them willing to work hard in order to do this 激发，激励 motivation: n. in this case it has the similar meaning to “drive” 激励，动力，驱动力 motive: n. a reason sb. does sth, esp. when this reason is kept hidden 一个具体行为 的动机、意图，有针对性，常含有负面或贬义成分

Words Expressions I had to restrain her from running out to the street. 我得制止她往路上跑。 She could barely restrain herself from hitting him. restrain 她忍不住想揍他。 restraint In bitter disappointment,he wrote Meade this letter of great restraint. 他在极度失望中给米德写了一封行文非常克制的信。 restrain v.1 to stop someone from doing sth,often by using physical force restrain someone from doing sth.制止 2.to control your own emotions or behavior restrain oneself(from doing sth)抑制，克制 restraint n

Words & Expressions I had to _ her from running out to the street. She could barely _ herself from hitting him. In bitter disappointment, he wrote Meade this letter of great _. restrain restraint restrain v. 1. to stop someone from doing sth, often by using physical force restrain someone from doing sth. 制止 2. to control your own emotions or behavior restrain oneself (from doing sth.) 抑制，克制 restraint n. 他在极度失望中给米德写了一封行文非常克制的信。 她忍不住想揍他。 我得制止她往路上跑。 restrain restrain restraint

Words Expressions An animal rewarded for good behavior will retainwhat it learns far more effectively than an animal punished for bad behavior. 动物在做了好事得到奖励的情况下，会比他在因犯错而受到惩罚 的情况下学得更快，而且学到的东西保留得也更长久。 You must retain your school reports. retain 你必须保存好你的成绩单。 (formal) They built a dam along the seashore to retain the seawater. 他们沿海岸筑起一道堤坝以拦住海水

Words & Expressions An animal rewarded for good behavior will _ what it learns far more effectively than an animal punished for bad behavior. You must _ your school reports. They built a dam along the seashore to _ the seawater. retain (formal) 他们沿海岸筑起一道堤坝以拦住海水。 你必须保存好你的成绩单。 动物在做了好事得到奖励的情况下，会比他在因犯错而受到惩罚 的情况下学得更快，而且学到的东西保留得也更长久。 retain retain retain

Words Expressions With a surge of high hope,Lincoln ordered Meade to attack Lee immediately.(a sudden large increase in a feeling) 林肯满怀希望，命令米德将军立即袭击李将军。 Oil prices surged surge 油价暴涨。 The crowd surged out from the church. 人群从教堂涌出

Words & Expressions With a _ of high hope, Lincoln ordered Meade to attack Lee immediately. (a sudden large increase in a feeling) Oil prices _. The crowd _ out from the church. surge 人群从教堂涌出。 油价暴涨。 林肯满怀希望，命令米德将军立即袭击李将军。 surge surged surged

Words Expressions His bank balance has swelled/swollen by $222,000 in the last three weeks. 他的银行存款在过去的三周里增加了222,000美元。 Do your ankles swell at night? swell 你的脚踝晚上会肿吗？ swollen He found a swollen,impassable river in front of him,and a victorious Union Army behind him. 他发现眼前河水暴涨，渡河已不可能，而后面是得胜的联 邦军队。 swell v.1.to increase in amount or number 2.a/so swell up to become larger and rounder than normal-used esp.about parts of the body swollen a.containing more water than normal

Words & Expressions His bank balance has _ by $222,000 in the last three weeks. Do your ankles _ at night? He found a _, impassable river in front of him, and a victorious Union Army behind him. swell swollen 他发现眼前河水暴涨，渡河已不可能，而后面是得胜的联 邦军队。 你的脚踝晚上会肿吗？ 他的银行存款在过去的三周里增加了222,000美元。 swelled/swollen swell swollen swell v. 1. to increase in amount or number 2. also swell up to become larger and rounder than normal-used esp. about parts of the body swollen a. containing more water than normal

Words Expressions When I had waited for a long time in vain I decided to return home on my own. 段漫长而徒劳的等待过后，我决定自己回家。 Fifteen thousand Confederate soldiers had tried to take the little hill,not knowing that half of them would get vain killed in the vain attempt vanity He was self-important,vain and ignorant. 他傲慢自负，虚荣无知。(conceited)

Words & Expressions When I had waited for a long time _, I decided to return home on my own. Fifteen thousand Confederate soldiers had tried to take the little hill, not knowing that half of them would get killed _. He was self-important, _ and ignorant. vain vanity 他傲慢自负，虚荣无知。(conceited) 一段漫长而徒劳的等待过后,我决定自己回家。 in vain in the vain attempt vain