厦门大学：《海洋浮游生物学》课程教学资源（课件讲稿）第14章 seasonal distribution

SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION OF MARINE PLANKTON By Lin Yuan-Shao, Cao Wen-Qing Guo Dong-Hui, Wu Li-Sheng, Fang Lv-Ping 2004.5.30 Chapter 14

SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION OF MARINE PLANKTON By Lin Yuan-Shao, Cao Wen-Qing Guo Dong-Hui, Wu Li-Sheng, Fang Lv-Ping 2004.5.30 Chapter 14

Some terms and definition 1. Dominant species（优势种）：Animals that are the most abundant and high frequent appeared in community. 2. Common species（习见种）：abundance ranks second class and high frequent appeared in community. 3. Locally abundant species（局限种）：species that distribute in a limited season or area. 4. Uncommon species（少见种）： fewer abundance and lower frequent in community 5. Rare species（稀有种）：. species that are accidentally appeared in community. 根据海域或群落中生物的数量等级和出现频率划分５级，如上

Some terms and definition 1. Dominant species（优势种）：Animals that are the most abundant and high frequent appeared in community. 2. Common species（习见种）：abundance ranks second class and high frequent appeared in community. 3. Locally abundant species（局限种）：species that distribute in a limited season or area. 4. Uncommon species（少见种）： fewer abundance and lower frequent in community 5. Rare species（稀有种）：. species that are accidentally appeared in community. 根据海域或群落中生物的数量等级和出现频率划分５级，如上

6. Cold water species（冷水种）：optimal temperature for reproductive and growth is lower then 4℃, monthly average water temperature in natural distribution area is lower then 10℃, including cold zone species and subcold zone species 6. Cold zone species（寒带种）: optimal temperature 0℃ 7. Subcold zone species（亚寒带种）: optimal temperature between 0-4℃ 7. Temperate water species（温水种）： optimal temperature for reproductive and growth is lower then 4-20℃, monthly average water temperature in natural distribution area is between 10-15℃, including cold temperate species and warm temperate species 6. Cold temperate species（冷温带种）: 4-10℃ 7. Warm temperate species（暖温带种）: 10-20℃ 8. Warm water species（暖水种）：optimal temperature for reproductive and growth is higher then 20℃, monthly average water temperature in natural distribution area is higher then 15℃, including cold zone species and subcold zone species 6. Subtropical species（亚热带种）: 20-25℃ 7. Tropical species（热带种） : > 25℃

6. Cold water species（冷水种）：optimal temperature for reproductive and growth is lower then 4℃, monthly average water temperature in natural distribution area is lower then 10℃, including cold zone species and subcold zone species 6. Cold zone species（寒带种）: optimal temperature 0℃ 7. Subcold zone species（亚寒带种）: optimal temperature between 0-4℃ 7. Temperate water species（温水种）： optimal temperature for reproductive and growth is lower then 4-20℃, monthly average water temperature in natural distribution area is between 10-15℃, including cold temperate species and warm temperate species 6. Cold temperate species（冷温带种）: 4-10℃ 7. Warm temperate species（暖温带种）: 10-20℃ 8. Warm water species（暖水种）：optimal temperature for reproductive and growth is higher then 20℃, monthly average water temperature in natural distribution area is higher then 15℃, including cold zone species and subcold zone species 6. Subtropical species（亚热带种）: 20-25℃ 7. Tropical species（热带种） : > 25℃

In this chapter we shall discuss the following subjects: 1. Variation both in plankton species diversity and biomass with time (seasonal distribution) 2. Biological seasons 3. Some examples in China Seas and Xiamen Harbour

In this chapter we shall discuss the following subjects: 1. Variation both in plankton species diversity and biomass with time (seasonal distribution) 2. Biological seasons 3. Some examples in China Seas and Xiamen Harbour

§14.1 What is plankton seasonal variation?  One of ecological phenomenon  successive seasonal variation both in plankton species diversity and biomass, including annual variations. ❖ Meroplankton ❖ Holoplankton

§14.1 What is plankton seasonal variation?  One of ecological phenomenon  successive seasonal variation both in plankton species diversity and biomass, including annual variations. ❖ Meroplankton ❖ Holoplankton

Seasonal variation of meroplankton

Seasonal variation of meroplankton

What is meroplankton? Meroplankton are the larval stages of invertebrates and fishes that spend only early part of their lives in the zooplankton

What is meroplankton? Meroplankton are the larval stages of invertebrates and fishes that spend only early part of their lives in the zooplankton

Planktonic Larvae of Porifera Porifera （海绵动物） Amphiblastular larva （两囊幼虫）

Planktonic Larvae of Porifera Porifera （海绵动物） Amphiblastular larva （两囊幼虫）

Coelenterata （腔肠动物） Planular Larva （浮浪幼虫） Ephyra （蝶状幼体）

Coelenterata （腔肠动物） Planular Larva （浮浪幼虫） Ephyra （蝶状幼体）

Actinula （辐射幼虫） Nemertini （纽虫类） Pilidium （帽状幼虫）

Actinula （辐射幼虫） Nemertini （纽虫类） Pilidium （帽状幼虫）