《植物化学保护》课程教学资源（英文讲稿）Pesticide Health Hazards - Exposure and Personal Protective Equipment

Pesticide Health Hazards Exposure and Personal Protective Equipment Penn State Pesticide Education www.pested.psu.edu

Exposure and Personal Protective Equipment Pesticide Health Hazards Penn State Penn State Pesticide Education Pesticide Education www.pested.psu.edu www.pested.psu.edu

Pesticide Health Hazard Pesticide health hazard is determined by the toxicity of the pesticide and the amount of exposure to the pesticide Hazard Toxicity x Exposure

Pesticide Health Hazard Pesticide Health Hazard ƒ Pesticide health hazard is determined by the toxicity of the pesticide and the amount of exposure to the pesticide ƒ Hazard = Toxicity x Exposure

Hazard Toxicity x Exposure Exposure

Hazard = Toxicity x Exposure Hazard = Toxicity x Exposure Exposure Exposure

Poisonings accidental suicidal Occupational Exposure manulacturing mixer-loaders 8a9 handling General Population Bystander Exposure food,water,air non08p0Sr82蕃e3) senal dnn . Log.Dosage (mg/kg body wt. Figure 22-3.A theorericni ose-effect relationship for acute tariciry comparing the potential for exposure in ierms of occupation,level of erpasure.and possible biological effects

Exposure How pesticides enter the body You cannot control the toxicity of a product but, you can control your exposure to a product

Exposure Exposure ƒ How pesticides How pesticides enter the body enter the body ƒ You cannot You cannot control the toxicity control the toxicity of a product but, of a product but, you can you can control control your exposure to your exposure to a product a product

4 Routes of Exposure Dermal any covered or uncovered skin Skin Eyes-direct splash or contact with hands Eyes Inhalation carried in Nose with air Mouth Oral -taken into mouth or on lips

4 Routes of Exposure 4 Routes of Exposure ƒ Dermal - any covered any covered or uncovered skin or uncovered skin ƒ Eyes – direct splash direct splash or contact with hands or contact with hands ƒ Inhalation Inhalation – carried in carried in with air with air ƒ Oral – taken into taken into mouth or on lips mouth or on lips Eyes Nose Mouth Skin

Dermal Exposure 97%of all pesticide exposures are dermal The most common route is through the hands and forearms

Dermal Exposure Dermal Exposure ƒ 97% of all pesticide exposures are 97% of all pesticide exposures are dermal ƒ The most common route The most common route is through the is through the hands and forearms hands and forearms

Dermal Exposure Parts of the body absorb pesticides at different rates Area Rate forehead 4.2 forearm 1.0 abdomen 2.1 palm 1.3 scrotum 11.8 ball of foot 1.8 *Absorption rate compared to forearm(1.0)

Dermal Exposure Dermal Exposure Parts of the body absorb pesticides at Parts of the body absorb pesticides at different rates different rates Area Rate * forehead 4.2 forearm 1.0 abdomen 2.1 palm 1.3 scrotum 11.8 ball of foot 1.8 *Absorption rate compared to forearm (1.0)

Dermal Exposure ■ Formulations vary in their ability to be absorbed through the skin. Emulsifiable concentrates are more readily absorbed than other formulations -All formulations can be absorbed in clothing, thereby becoming a path to skin exposure

Dermal Exposure Dermal Exposure ƒ Formulations vary in their ability to be absorbed through the skin. Emulsifiable concentrates are more readily absorbed than other formulations ƒ All formulations can be All formulations absorbed in clothing, thereby becoming a path to skin exposure

First Aid Measures ■ Rinse exposed area immediately with water Remove contaminated clothing ·Wash with plenty of soap and water Check product label

First Aid Measures First Aid Measures ƒ Rinse exposed area Rinse exposed area immediately with water immediately with water ƒ Remove contaminated Remove contaminated clothing clothing ƒ Wash with plenty of Wash with plenty of soap and water soap and water ƒ Check product label Check product label