《植物化学保护》课程教学资源（英文讲稿）Alternative Pesticides and New Developments in Pesticide Usage in Orchard Crops

Alternative Pesticides and New Developments in Pesticide Usage in Orchard Crops Helmut Riedl MCAREC Oregon State University

Helmut Riedl MCAREC / Oregon State University Alternative Pesticides and New Developments in Pesticide Usage in Orchard Crops

Alternative Pesticides and New Developments in Pesticide Usage in Orchard Crops Old vs.new control alternatives on apples cherries Results of field trials:new products ·Codling moth ·Leafroller ·Cherry fruit fly ·San Jose scale 。Spider mites

Alternative Pesticides and New Developments in Pesticide Usage in Orchard Crops • Old vs. new control alternatives on apples & cherries • Results of field trials: new products • Codling moth • Leafroller • Cherry fruit fly • San Jose scale • Spider mites

Consequences of FQPA Implementation OPs under scrutiny ! Lorsban: no post-bloom use on apples pears Parathion:cancelled on apples,pears Guthion: use requirements drastically changed; completely phased out by 2013 Imidan: review not yet completed What are the alternatives and how effective are they?

OPs under scrutiny !! Lorsban: no post-bloom use on apples & pears Parathion: cancelled on apples, pears Guthion: use requirements drastically changed; completely phased out by 2013 Imidan: review not yet completed Consequences of FQPA Implementation What are the alternatives and how effective are they?

CODLING MOTH CONTROL TARGETS ADULT NEONATE EGG

CODLING MOTH CONTROL TARGETS EGG NEONATE ADULT

Codling Moth Control Alternatives: Old Chemistries OPs: Guthion,Imidan Carbamates:Sevin (carbaryl) Pyrethroids:Asana,Danitol,Warrior Horticultural Mineral Oil (HMO)

Codling Moth Control Alternatives: Old Chemistries OPs: Guthion, Imidan Carbamates: Sevin (carbaryl) Pyrethroids: Asana, Danitol, Warrior Horticultural Mineral Oil (HMO)

Codling Moth Control Alternatives: New Chemistries Neonicotinyls: AssailCalypso,Clutch IGRs: Dimilin Rimon Esteem Intrepid Others: Success,AgriMek, Avaunt Clay products: Surround Microbials: CpGV(Cyd-X,etc.)

Codling Moth Control Alternatives: New Chemistries Neonicotinyls: Assail, Calypso, Clutch IGRs: Dimilin, Rimon Esteem Intrepid Others: Success, AgriMek, Avaunt Clay products: Surround Microbials: CpGV (Cyd-X, etc.)

.the other codling moth OP insecticide imidan'7o-wsB Agricultural Insecticide WETTABLE POWDER for multl-crop pest control FOR AGRICULTURAL USE ONLY ACTIVE INGREDIENT: %By Wt Phosmet:N-(Mercaptomethyl)phthalimide.S-(O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate) 70.0% INERT INGREDIENTS 300 TOTAL 100.0% KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN WARNING-AVISO para que se la expiique a usted en detalle. plain It to you in detail.) STATEMENT OF PRACTICAL TREATMENT Call a Poison Control Ce Organophosphate Insecticide he rec

.the other codling moth OP insecticide !

Average%Codling Moth Fruit Injury in Eight Highly Infested Test Orchards:Tests Conducted in Oregon and Washington Between 1991-1997. 57.1 60 50 40 nful yow 30 11.3 10.1 20 10 Imidan Guthion Untreated Test results provided by J.Brunner(WSU-Wenatchee),H.Riedl(OSU-Hood River),and R.Britt(Yakima).Products were tested at labeled rates

11.3 10.1 57.1 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 % Apple Fruit with Codling Moth Injury Imidan Guthion Untreated Average % Codling Moth Fruit Injury in Eight Highly Infested Test Orchards: Tests Conducted in Oregon and Washington Between 1991 - 1997. Test results provided by J. Brunner (WSU-Wenatchee), H. Riedl (OSU-Hood River), and R. Britt (Yakima). Products were tested at labeled rates

Effects of pH on IMIDAN Half Life pH Half Life 5.0 178 hours 5.5 92 hours 6.0 36 hours 6.5 14 hours 7.0 neutral 10 hours 7.5 2 hours 8.2 33 minutes

Effects of pH on IMIDAN Half Life pH Half Life 5.0 178 hours 5.5 92 hours 6.0 36 hours 6.5 14 hours 7.0 neutral 10 hours 7.5 2 hours 8.2 33 minutes

Pyrethroids: Asana,Danitol,Warrior True broad-spectrum insecticides Effective against codling moth Demonstrated cross-resistance to OPs Disruptive to natural enemies Spider mite outbreaks after use

• True broad-spectrum insecticides • Effective against codling moth • Demonstrated cross-resistance to OPs • Disruptive to natural enemies • Spider mite outbreaks after use Pyrethroids: Asana, Danitol, Warrior