北京大学：《微生物学》课程PPT教学课件（英文版）Purple phototrophic Bacteria

The bacteria Dirochetes Flavobacteria Deinococci Green sulfur and relatives bacteria Planctomyces and relative Green nonsulfur bacteria Chlamydiae Gram-positive bacteria Thermotoga P bacteria Aquifex / Hydrogenobacter Phylogenetic tree of the major lineages of Bacteria based on 16s ribosomaIrna Sequence comparisons

The Bacteria Phylogenetic tree of the major lineages of Bacteria based on 16S ribosomal RNA Sequence comparisons

Kingdom I: Proteobacteria Purple phototrophic bacteria The Nitrifying Bacteria Sulfur- and Iron-Oxidizing Bacteria Methanotrophs and Methylotrophs Pseudomonas and pseudomonads Acetic Acid bacteria Free-Living Aerobic Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria Neisseria Chromobacterium. and relatives Enteric bacteria Vibrio and photobacterium Rickettsia Spirilla Sheathed Protesbacteria: Sphaerotilus and Leptothrix Budding and Prosthecate/Stalked Bacteria Gliding Myxobacteria Sulfate-and Sulfur-Reducing Proteobacteria

Kingdom I: Proteobacteria Purple Phototrophic Bacteria The Nitrifying Bacteria Sulfur- and Iron-Oxidizing Bacteria Methanotrophs and Methylotrophs Pseudomonas and Pseudomonads Acetic Acid Bacteria Free-Living Aerobic Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria Neisseria, Chromobacterium, and Relatives Enteric Bacteria Vibrio and Photobacterium Rickettsia Spirilla Sheathed Protesbacteria: Sphaerotilus and Leptothrix Budding and Prosthecate/Stalked Bacteria Gliding Myxobacteria Sulfate- and Sulfur-Reducing Proteobacteria

The Purple bacteria, also called Proteobacteria is the largest and most physiological diverse of all bacteria Beta purple bacteria Chemolithotrophs lemoore Chemoorganotrophs Gamma purple Alpha purple bacteria bacteria Chemolithotrophs Chemoorganotrophs lithotrophs Epsilon purple bacteria (all chemoorganotrophs) Delta purple bacteria Phototroph (all chemoorganotrophs) Loss of photosynthetic ability Ancestral phototroph

The Purple Bacteria, also called Proteobacteria is the largest and most physiological diverse of all bacteria

Purple and green(Anoxygenic Phototrophic) Bacteria Purple bacteria Bacteriochlorophylls a, b Anoxygenic photosynthesis One photosystem Green Bacteria Bacteriochlorophylls c, d ore Anoxygenic photosynthesis One photosystem Cyanobacteria: Bacteriochlorophyll a Oxygenic photosynthesis Two photosystems

Purple and Green (Anoxygenic Phototrophic) Bacteria Purple Bacteria: Bacteriochlorophylls a, b Anoxygenic photosynthesis One photosystem Green Bacteria: Bacteriochlorophylls c, d or e Anoxygenic photosynthesis One photosystem Cyanobacteria: Bacteriochlorophyll a Oxygenic photosynthesis Two photosystems

Purple and green(Anoxygenic Phototrophic) Bacteria Bacteriochlorophylls Bacteriochlorophylls differ in substituents on various parts of the porphyrin ring; The various modifications lead to changes in the H3C R absorption spectra of the H bacteriochlorophylls H From the long-wavelength maximum. the identification C=o of the bacteriochlorophyll can be made

Purple and Green (Anoxygenic Phototrophic) Bacteria Bacteriochlorophylls Bacteriochlorophylls differ in substituents on various parts of the porphyrin ring; The various modifications lead to changes in the absorption spectra of the bacteriochlorophylls; From the long-wavelength maximum, the identification of the bacteriochlorophyll can be made

Purple and Green(Anoxygenic Phototrophic) Bacteria Classification Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria are classified based on their bacteriochlorophylls and photosynthetic membrane systems into three major groups Purple Bacteria(Nonsulfur purple, Purple sulfur bacteria) Green Bacteria(Green sulfur, green nonsulfur bacteria) Heliobacteria Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria also produce carotenoid pigments. Therefore, the colors of the bacteria are the combination of bacterio chlorophylls and carotenoid pigments

Purple and Green (Anoxygenic Phototrophic) Bacteria Classification Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria are classified based on their bacteriochlorophylls and photosynthetic membrane systems into three major groups: Purple Bacteria (Nonsulfur purple, Purple sulfur bacteria) Green Bacteria (Green sulfur, green nonsulfur bacteria) Heliobacteria Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria also produce carotenoid pigments. Therefore, the colors of the bacteria are the combination of bacterio￾chlorophylls and carotenoid pigments

Purple and green(Anoxygenic Phototrophic) Bacteria Classification OCH Alphas card Spirilloxanthin 人 B-Carotene Green nonsulfur bacteria (Chloroflexus) r-Carotene Purple bacte Keto OH-Spheroidenone carotenoids 人 Okenone ryl Chiorobactene Green st

Purple and Green (Anoxygenic Phototrophic) Bacteria Classification

Purple and green(Anoxygenic Phototrophic) bacteria Carotenoids 黑 Spheroides G-9 Pheroi des Carotenoid-less Carotenoid-less mutant. the actual mutant Bchl a color

Purple and Green (Anoxygenic Phototrophic) Bacteria Carotenoids Carotenoid-less mutant, the actual Bchl a color Carotenoid-less mutant

Purple and green(Anoxygenic Phototrophic) Bacteria Photosynthetic Membrane Systems Differences between green and purple bacteria in the Photosynthetic Membrane Systems In purple bacteria: photosynthetic pigments are parts ofthe internal membane (lamellae) In green bacteria: photosynthetic apparatus consists of a series of cylindrically shaped structures called chlorosomes underlaying and attached to the cytoplasmic membrane In heliobacteria: bacteriochlorophyll is associated with the cytoplasmic membrane Heliobacteria Purple bacteria Green bacteria

Purple and Green (Anoxygenic Phototrophic) Bacteria Photosynthetic Membrane Systems Differences between green and purple bacteria in the Photosynthetic Membrane Systems In purple bacteria: photosynthetic pigments are parts of the internal membane (lamellae). In green bacteria: photosynthetic apparatus consists of a series of cylindrically shaped structures called chlorosomes underlaying and attached to the cytoplasmic membrane. In heliobacteria: bacteriochlorophyll is associated with the cytoplasmic membrane Purple bacteria Green Bacteria Heliobacteria

Purple and green(Anoxygenic Phototrophic) Bacteria Nonsulfur purple bacteria can only used sulfide at a low concentration; have great photoheterotrophic abilities; some have ability to utilize methanol as sole carbon source for phototrophic growth; Rhodospirillum fulvum most are active N2 fixers 飞 Rhodopseudomonas acidophila Rhodopila globiformis Rhodocyclus purpureus 933 ros""""""" Rhodomicrobium vannielii? Rhodobacter sphaeroides 7

Purple and Green (Anoxygenic Phototrophic) Bacteria Nonsulfur purple bacteria can only used sulfide at a low concentration; have great photoheterotrophic abilities; some have ability to utilize methanol as sole carbon source for phototrophic growth; most are active N2 fixers. Rhodospirilum fulvum Rhodopseudomonas acidophila Rhodobacter sphaeroides Rhodopila globiformis Rhodocyclus purpureus Rhodomicrobium vannielii