中国人民解放军陆军军医大学（第三军医大学）：《生物科学综合》课程教学课件_11 神经胶质网络对脑功能的整合 Integration Brain Function by Neuron-Glial Networks

三国时 College of Basic Medical Sciences Third Military Medical University Integration Brain Function by Neuron-Glial Networks 陈鹏慧副教授 神经生物学教研室Tel:753935 E-mail:chenpenghui@tmmu.edu.cn

Integration Brain Function by Neuron-Glial Networks 1 陈鹏慧 副教授 神经生物学教研室 Tel：753935 E-mail: chenpenghui@tmmu.edu.cn THIRD MILITARY MEDICAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES THIRD MILITARY MEDICAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES College of Basic Medical Sciences Third Military Medical University

三国时 College of Basic Medical Sciences Third Military Medical University 主要内容 ◆胶质细胞的基本知识 ◇神经元神经胶质网络 ◇总结与展望

2 主要内容  胶质细胞的基本知识  神经元-神经胶质网络  总结与展望 THIRD MILITARY MEDICAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES THIRD MILITARY MEDICAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES College of Basic Medical Sciences Third Military Medical University

1. Allen NJ, et aL. (2009 ). Neuroscience: Glia-more than just brain g|ue. Nature.457,675-677 2. Eroglu C, et al. (2010). Regulation of synaptic connectivity by glia Nature.468,223-231. 3. Robel s, et aL. (2011). The stem cell potential of glia: lessons from reactive gliosis. Nat Rev Neurosci. 12(2): 88-104 4. Woo-Ping Ge, et al.(2012). Local generation of glia is a major astrocyte source in postnatal cortex. Nature. 484, 376-380. 5. Douglas Fields(2013). Neuroscience: Map the other brain. Nature.501.25-27 6. Perea G, et al. (2014). Neuron-glia networks: integral gear of brain function, Front Cell Neurosci. 8: 378 7. Martin R, et aL. (2015). Circuit-specific signaling in astrocyte-neuron networks in basal ganglia pathways. Science. 349: 730-4

3 1. Allen NJ, et al. (2009). Neuroscience: Glia - more than just brain glue. Nature. 457, 675-677 . 2. Eroglu C, et al.(2010). Regulation of synaptic connectivity by glia. Nature. 468, 223-231. 3. Robel S, et al.(2011). The stem cell potential of glia: lessons from reactive gliosis. Nat Rev Neurosci. 12(2):88-104 4. Woo-Ping Ge, et al. (2012). Local generation of glia is a major astrocyte source in postnatal cortex. Nature. 484, 376-380. 5. Douglas Fields. (2013). Neuroscience: Map the other brain. Nature. 501, 25-27. 6. Perea G, et al.(2014). Neuron-glia networks: integral gear of brain function. Front Cell Neurosci. 8:378. 7. Martín R, et al.(2015). Circuit-specific signaling in astrocyte-neuron networks in basal ganglia pathways. Science. 349:730-4

工神经胶质细胞 (Glia)

4 Ⅰ 神经胶质细胞 （Glia）

胶质细胞的分类 Types of Neuroglia Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System Ependymal cells Oligodendrocytes Satellite cells Astrocytes Microglia Schwann cells 5

5 胶质细胞的分类

(一) astrocyte 胞突分支多而短曲, 胶质原纤维少。 纤维性星形胶质细胞 苔状细胞( mossy cell 原浆性星形胶质细胞 胞突直而长分支少富含 胶质原纤维 蜘蛛细胞( spider ce 6

6 胞突直而长,分支少,富含 胶质原纤维。 胞突分支多而短曲, 胶质原纤维少。 蜘蛛细胞(spider cell) 原浆性星形胶质细胞 苔状细胞(mossy cell) 纤维性星形胶质细胞 （一）astrocyte

星形胶质细胞的生物学特性: 1.异质性( heterogenity) 令督脑区的Ast形态、受体分布、跑质活性物质的含量各异 令各脑区糖蛋白的含量表达不同 Astrocytes in culture expressed glial Glial cells in a rat brain stained with fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) an antibody against GFAP

7 1. 异质性(heterogenity) ❖ 各脑区的Ast形态、受体分布、胞质活性物质的含量各异 ❖ 各脑区糖蛋白的含量表达不同 星形胶质细胞的生物学特性: Astrocytes in culture expressed glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) Glial cells in a rat brain stained with an antibody against GFAP

E: Neurons 婴 Astrocytes 口 Oligodendrocytes ■ Microglia

8 1. 异质性(heterogenity) ❖ 各脑区的Ast形态、受体分布、胞质活性物质的含量各异 ❖ 各脑区糖蛋白的含量表达不同 2. 形成“胶质网络”(glial network) ❖ 不同的脑区的星状胶质细胞之间，少突胶质细胞之间以及 少突胶质细胞与星状胶质细胞之间通过缝隙连接形成的三 维网络状结构。 星形胶质细胞的生物学特性:

Astroglia in development-Radial glial cell Guiding process 边缘层{解 0神经元的引导突起 皮质板 移行中的神经元 Cells migrate Nucleus toward 中间层 surface 放射胶质细胞突起 放射状胶质细胞 Trailing process of neuron 脑室层 神经元的迁移、分化9

脑内最先出现的胶质细胞是双极形的放射状胶质 细胞(radial glial cell)，它可产生灰质、白质中 的星形胶质细胞；在某些脑区，有报道它也能产 生少突胶质细胞。 9 Astroglia in development - Radial glial cell Guiding process

(二) Oligodendrocyte少突胶质细胞 1.是中枢神经系统内的成韻转 h 少突胶质细胞 oligodendrocyte Myelination of a peripheral axon axon The Process of Myelination

10 1．是中枢神经系统内的成髓鞘细胞 髓鞘 轴突 毛细血管 星形胶质细胞 少突胶质细胞 髓鞘 髓鞘 （二）Oligodendrocyte 少突胶质细胞