北京化工大学：《有机化学》课程教学资源（章节测验，含答案）Chapter 19 Carboxylic Acids

1.Which would be the best name of the following compound? Br (CHa)2CH `C02H tenoic acid -2-pentenoic acid me noic aci E) 2.Rank the following in decreasing order of acidity(most acidic on left): Br H3C-CH2-CO2H H3C-CH2-CH2OH HaC-CH-CO2H C)Z>X>Y D)Z>Y>X Ans:C Page1

Page 1 1. Which would be the best name of the following compound? CO2H H Br 3C (CH3)2CH A) 2-bromo-3-isopropylbutenoic acid B) (E)-2-bromo-3,4-dimethyl-2-pentenoic acid C) (E)-2-bromo-3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid D) (E)-2-bromo-3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid E) (Z)-2-bromo-3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid Ans: B 2. Rank the following in decreasing order of acidity (most acidic on left): H3C CH2 CO2H H3C CH CO2H Br H3C CH2 CH2OH X Y Z A) X > Z > Y B) Y > X > Z C) Z > X > Y D) Z > Y > X E) X > Y > Z Ans: C

What would be the major organic product of the following reaction? Ans:A 4.The reaction of propanoic acid with lithium aluminum hydride,followed by water. would result in what product? A) Hc-CH-8-H D)H3C-CH2-CH2OH B)HaC-CH2-COzL E)HgC-CH2-CHg C)HgC-CH2-CH2Li Ans:D Page2

Page 2 3. What would be the major organic product of the following reaction? C O OH ? heat SOCl2 A) C O Cl B) C O O C) C O OH Cl D) C O Cl Cl E) C O O C O Ans: A 4. The reaction of propanoic acid with lithium aluminum hydride, followed by water, would result in what product? A) H3C CH2 C O H D) H3C CH2 CH2OH B) H3C CH2 CO2Li E) H3C CH2 CH3 C) H3C CH2 CH2Li Ans: D

5.What would the common name of the following di-acid be? HOzC-CHz-CH2-CO2H A)Malonic acid Oxalic acid Baneaa Succinic acic 6.Which of the following sets of reagents would convert benzyl bromide to phenylethanoic acid? H.CO H,0 B) 1.Mg.ether 的 c) HCO2K* 1.NaCN 2.H',H2O,heat 7.The higher acidity of carboxylic acids compared to other functional groups is best explained by A)hydrogen bonding. D)resonance. B)electronegativity of oxygen. E)electronegativity of carbon. Page3

Page 3 5. What would the common name of the following di-acid be? HO2C CH2 CH2 CO2H A) Malonic acid D) Adipic acid B) Oxalic acid E) Glutaric acid C) Succinic acid Ans: C 6. Which of the following sets of reagents would convert benzyl bromide to phenylethanoic acid? CH2Br CH2CO2H ? A) H2CrO4 H2O B) 1. Mg, ether 2. CO2 3. H3O+ C) HCO2 - K+ D) 1. NaCN 2. H+ , H2O, heat E) both B and D Ans: E 7. The higher acidity of carboxylic acids compared to other functional groups is best explained by A) hydrogen bonding. D) resonance. B) electronegativity of oxygen. E) electronegativity of carbon. C) water solubility. Ans: D

8.What would be the name of the following? HO2CCH2CO2H Malonic acid d Ans:A 9.What would be the organic product of the following reaction? HO2CCH2CH2CO2H _heat？ A)CH;CH2CO2H CO2 B)2 CH;CO2H C) (a polymeric anhydride) 10.What reagent(s)would accomplish the following conversion? CH3CH2CO2H CH3CHBrCO2H A)Br2 B)PBr3 C)Bra/light D)Br+cat.PBra E)PBr3+cat Dr. Ans:D Page 4

Page 4 8. What would be the name of the following? HO2CCH2CO2H A) Malonic acid D) Succinic acid B) Propanoic acid E) Butanedioic acid C) Oxalic acid Ans: A 9. What would be the organic product of the following reaction? ? heat HO2CCH2CH2CO2H A) CH3CH2CO2H + CO2 B) 2 CH3CO2H C) O O O D) O O O O O O (a polymeric anhydride) n E) none of these Ans: C 10. What reagent(s) would accomplish the following conversion? CH3CH2CO2H CH3CHBrCO2H ? A) Br2 B) PBr3 C) Br2/light D) Br2 + cat. PBr3 E) PBr3 + cat. Br2 Ans: D

11.Which of the following sets of reagents would accomplish the chemical transformation shown? HgC-C-Br -C02h A 1.NaCN 2.HO',heat B) 1.Mg.ether 2.C02 3.H0 c) 1.KOH,heat 2.03 3.H202,H D) 1.HCO2H,H* 2.LiAlH 3.HO' E) 1.HCN,NaCN 2.KOH,H2O,heat 3.HO" Ans:B Page5

Page 5 11. Which of the following sets of reagents would accomplish the chemical transformation shown? CH3 C CH3 H3C Br CH3 C CH3 H3C CO2H ? A) 1. NaCN 2. H3O+, heat B) 1. Mg, ether 2. CO2 3. H3O+ C) 1. KOH, heat 2. O3 3. H2O2, H+ D) 1. HCO2H, H+ 2. LiAlH4 3. H3O+ E) 1. HCN, NaCN 2. KOH, H2O, heat 3. H3O+ Ans: B

n(=oru omplish c ArCH2CH3 CH-CH-CO2H (Ar=aryl group) Ar 1.Br2,light 2.NaCN 3.H0,? B) 1.Br2,light 2.Mg,ether 3C0、 4.H0 c) 1.Br2,light 2.KOH 3.03 3.H202,f D) 1.Br2,light 2.CH;CO2K 3.H-O" R上Soth andB Page6

Page 6 12. Several 2-arylpropanoic acids are used as analgesics (painkillers). Three of these [Ibuprofen (= Advil), Naproxen (= Aleve) and Ketoprofen (= Orudis KT)] are currently available in over-the-counter form. Which of the following sets of reagents would accomplish conversion of an ethyl aromatic to a 2-arylpropanoic acid? CH3 CH CO2H Ar ArCH2CH3 ? (Ar = aryl group) A) 1. Br2, light 2. NaCN 3. H3O+ , ? B) 1. Br2, light 2. Mg, ether 3. CO2 4. H3O+ C) 1. Br2, light 2. KOH 3. O3 3. H2O2, H+ D) 1. Br2, light 2. CH3CO2 - K+ 3. H3O+ E) both A and B Ans: E

13.What would be the product of the following reaction? 1.Mg.ether 2.C02 3.H30 A) co" co" E)none of these Ans: B)CICH-CH.CO.,H E)CH:CHCICOCI C)CH;CHCICO2H Ans:D Page7

Page 7 13. What would be the product of the following reaction? Br ? 1. Mg, ether 2. CO2 3. H3O+ A) OH CO2H B) OH C) CO2H D) O O CH3 E) none of these Ans: C 14. Which would be the strongest acid of the following? A) BrCH2CH2CO2H D) CF3CO2H B) ClCH2CH2CO2H E) CH3CHClCOCl C) CH3CHClCO2H Ans: D

15.What bestacou for the high boiling points of i atoms The n bonding Cre mosothusr moty o cmound The presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding. E)Carboxylic acids do not have unusually high boiling points. Ans:D 16.What reagent is needed to complete the reaction shown? CH-CO.H HC CH-COct A)CH,CI B)PCl3 C)Cl2 D)LiAlHa E)none of these Ans:B Page8

Page 8 15. What best accounts for the unusually high boiling points of carboxylic acids relative to other organic compounds of similar molecular weight? A) The relatively large concentration of oxygen atoms. B) The presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding. C) Carboxylic acids are mostly ionized and thus are mostly ionic compounds. D) The presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding. E) Carboxylic acids do not have unusually high boiling points. Ans: D 16. What reagent is needed to complete the reaction shown? H3C CH H3C CO2H H3C CH H3C COCl ? A) CH3Cl B) PCl3 C) Cl2 D) LiAlH4 E) none of these Ans: B

17.What major product would result from the following reaction? Cl/heat CH.OH catalytic PCl (S) CH racem Page9

Page 9 17. What major product would result from the following reaction? C OH O R CH3 H Cl2/heat catalytic PCl3 (S) A) C OH O R CH3 Cl racemic B) C Cl O R CH3 H (S) C) C OH O R CH3 Cl (R) D) C Cl O R CH3 Cl (R) E) C OH O R Cl H3C (S) Ans: A

18.What reagent(s)is(are)needed to complete the reaction shown? 1.C02 CH;CH2CO2H 2.H,0 CH;CH.B Ans:C 19.Which,if any,of the reactions below would produce 2-methylpropanoic acid? A) Mgr folowred byHgo B) +KCN followed by HOfand heat C) D All of these roduct Ans:D 20.Which,if any,functional group in the molecule below would undergo basic hydrolysis most easily? C A)A B)B C)C D)D E)None of these groups would react. Ans:C 21.What reagent(s)would accomplish the following? A)Cl2,light B)Cl2,H2O C)SOCL2 D)MgCl2 E)aqueous HCI Ans:C Page 10

Page 10 18. What reagent(s) is (are) needed to complete the reaction shown? CH3CH2CO2H 1. CO2 2. H3O+ ? A) CH3CH2Br D) CH3Li B) KMnO4/ - OH E) CH3COCl C) CH3CH2MgBr Ans: C 19. Which, if any, of the reactions below would produce 2-methylpropanoic acid? A) B) Br + KCN followed by H3O+ and heat C) CH2OH + H2CrO4 D) All of these reactions would produce the desired product. E) None of these reactions would produce the desired product. Ans: D 20. Which, if any, functional group in the molecule below would undergo basic hydrolysis most easily? O N C H3C O CN O H A B C D A) A B) B C) C D) D E) None of these groups would react. Ans: C 21. What reagent(s) would accomplish the following? R C O OH R C O Cl A) Cl2, light B) Cl2, H2O C) SOCL2 D) MgCl2 E) aqueous HCl Ans: C