北京大学：《植物生物学 Plant Biology》精品课程教学资源（电子教案）第4讲 植物的组织与组织系统

shoot ti (apical bud) EPIDERMIS flower internode leaf VASCULAR TISSUES eeds fruit GROUND TISSUE SHOOT 植物的组织与组织系统 ROOT primary root teral root root hairs ot cap

植物的组织与组织系统

植物的组织/ The Tissues of plants 植物组织——指来源相同,形态结构相似,功能相同的一类或不 同类型细胞群所组成的结构和功能单位。 根据其组成成分可划分为 简单组织 simple tissue 复合组织 complex tissue 按其发育特点可划分为: 分生组织 meristem/ meristematic tissue 成熟组织 mature tissue 根据其功能和结构特点可划分为 分生组织 meristem、薄壁组织 parenchyma tissue、保护组织 protective tissue、输导组织 conducting tissue、机械组织 mechanical tissue和分泌组织 secretory tissue

植物的组织 /The Tissues of Plants 植物组织——指来源相同，形态结构相似，功能相同的一类或不 同类型细胞群所组成的结构和功能单位。 • 根据其组成成分可划分为： – 简单组织 simple tissue – 复合组织 complex tissue • 按其发育特点可划分为： – 分生组织 meristem/meristematic tissue – 成熟组织 mature tissue • 根据其功能和结构特点可划分为： – 分生组织 meristem、薄壁组织parenchyma tissue、保护组织 protective tissue、输导组织 conducting tissue、机械组织 mechanical tissue 和分泌组织 secretory tissue

分生组织 meristem 薄壁组织 parenchyma tissue parenchyma collenchyma 机械组织 section sclerenchyma from stem mechanical tissue vessel in xylem 保护组织 companion cell sieve tube二 protective tissue vascular ·输导组织 cambium cells of conducting tissue ground tissue 分泌组织 epidermal secretory tissue cuticle Example of cellular arrangements and tissue organization in plant stems

•分生组织 meristem •薄壁组织 parenchyma tissue •机械组织 mechanical tissue •保护组织 protective tissue •输导组织 conducting tissue •分泌组织 secretory tissue

分生组织 Meristem MERISTEMATIC TISSUE: Small, thin-walled embryonic cells capable of cell division 根据分生组织的 Apical Characteristi Function 位置可分 顶端分生组织 Increase length of apical meristem Located at tips shoots and roots Produce primary 侧生分生组织 lateral meristem Lateral 3.居间分生组织 Located near Increase girth of intercalary periphery of roots and stems plant bod meristem ascular tissues and cork cambia

分生组织 Meristem 根据分生组织的 位置可分： 1. 顶端分生组织 apical meristem 2. 侧生分生组织 lateral meristem 3. 居间分生组织 intercalary meristem

Apical meristem 顶端分生组织 Leaf Apical meristem Leaf THREE PRIMARY MERISTEMS Protoderm Lateral bud Procambium Apical Quiescent center Root

顶端分生组织 Apical Meristem

Shoot Apex SAM Protoderm 冒 Ground tissue :a Vascular tissue o1 ut 委鲁 Iit crc.oc

侧生分生组织 Lateral meristem Lateral meristem includes: vascular cambium and cork cambium Epidermis Phloem Cortex Xylem (Pith Procambium Interfascicular aerenchyma Vascular bundle

侧生分生组织 Lateral Meristem Lateral meristem includes: vascular cambium and cork cambium

薄壁组织 Parenchyma Tissue Parenchyma cell usua ally have only thin primary walls; typically alive at maturity Functions include: basic I metabolism photosynthesis, storage etc. For example Aerenchyma(通气组织 Chlorenchyma(绿色组织

薄壁组织 Parenchyma Tissue • Parenchyma cells usually have only thin primary walls; typically alive at maturity. • Functions include: basic metabolism, photosynthesis, storage etc. For example, Aerenchyma (通气组织), Chlorenchyma (绿色组织)

Figure 4.2 Parenchyma cells. They are more or less spheri- cal when first formed, but as their walls touch other parenchyma cell walls, the cells end up with an average of 14 sides at maturity, x100.(Photomicrograph by G S Ellmore)

( @ OOOOo 接骨木皮层薄壁细胞 Transverse section ○6 of the cortex of an elderberry stem Intercellularspaces

Intercellular spaces 接骨木皮层薄壁细胞 Transverse section of the cortex of an elderberry stem