实荆州职院：《用英语语音学》（英文版） The English Speech Sounds

The English Speech Sounds 主讲:梁慧

The English Speech Sounds 主讲：梁慧

The importance of phonetic study 1)Phonetics is the science of speech sounds. It deals with the sound stem of a language. A language consists of three important elements, namely speech sounds vocabulary and grammar, speech sound is the material form on which word and grammar rely for existence. Divorced from speech sound word and grammar are non existent. So the first step in studying any spoken language is to determine the phonemes. Basic sounds 2) As a means of communication by word of mouth, language is used in oral speech and in reading aloud therefore in order to make onesel easily understood while expressing one's own or other people's thoughts in any language, one must be able to pronounce sentences in that language quite correctly. One must have good pronunciation in read aloud. this is proved by the well - known fact that the better we oa order to be able to understand other people easily when they speak pronounce a foreign language the easier we understand it when we near it

The importance of phonetic study 1) Phonetics is the science of speech sounds. It deals with the sound system of a language. A language consists of three important elements, namely, speech sounds, vocabulary and grammar. Speech sound is the material form on which word and grammar rely for existence. Divorced from speech sound, word and grammar are non￾existent. So the first step in studying any spoken language is to determine the phonemes. (Basic sounds) 2) As a means of communication by word of mouth, language is used in oral speech and in reading aloud. Therefore , in order to make oneself easily understood while expressing one’s own or other people’s thoughts in any language, one must be able to pronounce sentences in that language quite correctly. One must have good pronunciation in order to be able to understand other people easily when they speak or read aloud. This is proved by the well-known fact that the better we pronounce a foreign language, the easier we understand it when we hear it

Conceptions of phonetic AHD: The american Heritage dictionary of the english Language KK: A Pronouncing dictionary of American, 1956 John samuel Kenyon John albert Knott DJ: English Pronouncing Dictionary 1963 Daniel jones RP: English Pronouncing Dictionary--"Received Pronunciation IPA: International Phonetic alphabet 1888 -International phonetic association

Conceptions of phonetic AHD: The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language KK:A Pronouncing Dictionary of American,1956 ----John Samuel Kenyon & John Albert Knott DJ: English Pronouncing Dictionary, 1963 ----Daniel Jones RP: English Pronouncing Dictionary-- “Received Pronunciation” IPA: International Phonetic Alphabet ,1888 ----International Phonetic Association

To have a good pronunciation means To pronounce correctly all the speech sounds of the language and all the combinations in their proper order not only in isolated words but also in sentences 2. To pronounce sentences fluently at the sped required by the situation with correct stresses, linking of sounds, rhythm, pauses and intonation

To have a good pronunciation means: 1.To pronounce correctly all the speech sounds of the language and all the combinations in their proper order not only in isolated words, but also in sentences 2. To pronounce sentences fluently at the sped required by the situation, with correct stresses, linking of sounds, rhythm, pauses and intonation

The organs of speech Nasal cavity---鼻腔 Mouth cavity--口腔 Tongue------F Lips-唇 Teeth--齿 The teeth ridge--齿龈 The hard palate--腭 The soft palate---腭 uvula 小舌 Pharynx--咽因头 .arynx 喉头 The vocal cords--声带 Windpipe 管

The organs of speech Nasal cavity ------鼻腔 Mouth cavity------口腔 Tongue------舌 Lips------唇 Teeth------齿 The teeth ridge-------齿龈 The hard palate ------硬腭 The soft palate ------软腭 uvula ------小舌 Pharynx ------咽头 Larynx------ 喉头 The vocal cords------ 声带 Windpipe ------气管

The classification of Speech sounds The organs of speech are capable of making many different kinds of speech sounds From the practical standpoint speech sounds are generally divided into Vowels and Consonants

The classification of Speech sounds The organs of speech are capable of making many different kinds of speech sounds. From the practical standpoint, speech sounds are generally divided into Vowels and Consonants

a Vowels are sounds produced without obstruction of the air stream in the mouth in producing them there is vibration of the vocal cords, so all vowels are voiced In English there are twenty vowels in all a Consonants are sounds produced by some form of obstruction of the air passage and be either voiced or voiceless There are twenty-eight consonants in English

☆ Vowels are sounds produced without obstruction of the air stream in the mouth. In producing them there is vibration of the vocal cords, so all vowels are voiced . In English there are twenty vowels in all. ☆ Consonants are sounds produced by some form of obstruction of the air passage and be either voiced or voiceless . There are twenty-eight consonants in English

The English Phonetic i:},,e/,/a//a:/,/:/,//,/u:/,/u/ /,/b;/, l,/a/,/i,/eu/,/lu,/l/,/e/ U /p/,/b/,/t,/(d/,/K,/g ,N,1/,161,/s/,/z/,/y,/3/h /t,/d,/tr/,/dr/,/ts//dz/,/m/,/n/,/n/ /r/,/j/,W

The English Phonetic /i:/, /i/, /e/, /æ/ /a:/, /ɔ:/ , /ɔ/, /u:/, /u/. /ʌ/ , /ə:/ , /ə/ /ei/, /ai/ , /ɔi/, /əu/ , /au/, /iə/, /ɛə/, /uə/ /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/ /f/, /v/, /Θ/ , /ð/, /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/ ,/h/ /ʧ/, /ʤ/, /tr/, /dr/, /ts/, /dz/, /m/, /n/, / ŋ/ /r /, /j/ ,/w/

Vowels General Remarks on the vowels The English vowels are divided into two large groups Monophthongs(pure vowels) Diphthongs

Vowels General Remarks on the Vowels The English vowels are divided into two large groups: ◼ Monophthongs (pure vowels) ◼ Diphthongs

Monophthongs There are twelve monophthongs. They may be classified according to the following principles 1The height of the raised part of the tongue: we distinguish open vowels, half-open vowels, half-close vowels and close vowels 2)The part of the tongue raised we distinguish front, back and central vowels 3The length of the vowel: we distinguish long vowels and short ones 4The position (or shape) of the lips: we distinguish rounded vowels and unrounded ones 5The degree of tenseness: we distinguish tense vowels and lax vowels

Monophthongs: There are twelve monophthongs . They may be classified according to the following principles: 1)The height of the raised part of the tongue: we distinguish open vowels, half-open vowels, half-close vowels and close vowels. 2)The part of the tongue raised : we distinguish front, back and central vowels. 3)The length of the vowel: we distinguish long vowels and short ones. 4)The position (or shape) of the lips: we distinguish rounded vowels and unrounded ones. 5)The degree of tenseness: we distinguish tense vowels and lax vowels