近代物理学（PPT讲稿）Modern physics

Modern physics Classic phys ics

relativity Quantum Classic physics Modern physics

a机iy Einste in: The founder of modern space-time

Einstein:The founder of modern space-time

里 起舞中中动

Relativity Relative nature of simul taneity Time-space view Length contract on 050 Time dilation dynamics

Time -space view dynamics Length contraction Time dilation Relative nature of Principle of relativity Lorentz transformation simultaneity Relativity

Einstain's theory took us into a wor d far beyond that of ordinary exper ience, it led us to a deeper and more satisfy ing view of the nature of space and time SYSTEM 10 LIGHT YEARS EARTH SYSTEM

Einstain’s theory took us into a world far beyond that of ordinary experience,it led us to a deeper and more satisfying view of the nature of space and time

A story In modern long range navigation, the precise location and speed of moving craft are continuous ly moni tored and updated. A system of navi gat ion satellites cal led NAVSTAR permits locations and speeds anywhere on earth to be determined to within about 16m and 2cm/. However if relativity effects were not taken into account, speeds could not be determined any closer than about 20cm/s, which is unacceptable for modern navi gat ion systems. How can something as abstract as Einstain's relativity be invol ved in something as practical as navi gation

In modern long range navigation,the precise location and speed of moving craft are continuously monitored and updated.A system of navigation satellites called NAVSTAR permits locations and speeds anywhere on earth to be determined to within about 16m and 2cm/s.However if relativity effects were not taken into account,speeds could not be determined any closer than about 20cm/s,which is unacceptable for modern navigation systems.How can something as abstract as Einstain’s relativity be involved in something as practical as navigation?

win paradox A pair of twins, A remains on earth, and B make the mi lk run to a nearby solar system In high speed, when B come back, who's younger

A pair of twins ,A remains on earth,and B make the milk run to a nearby solar system in high speed,when B come back,who’s younger?

s 1 Gal i leo relativity principle 1. Galileo transformation Take an account on a event in two different frame P

Take an account on a event in two different frame 1.Galileo transformation P r  o  S u x  o x S r   §1 Galileo relativity principle

t) 1 y y =x-m=x+1 xyzt P t

x  = x −ut y  = y z  = z t = t t t z z y y x x ut =  =  =  =  +  S S r(x, y,z,t)  r (x  , y  ,z  ,t)  v(x, y,z,t)  v (x  , y  ,z  ,t)  a  a   P r  o  S u x  o x S r  

Velocity and acceleration transformation 1三V-1 du . d t IS constant V=V 1=卩+L du C a=a

Velocity and acceleration transformation z z y y x x v v v v v v u  =  =  = − z z y y x x v v v v v v u =  =  =  + z z y y x x a a a a dt du a a  =  =  = − z z y y x x a a a a dt du a a =  =   =  + z z y y x x a a a a a a  =  =  = z z y y x x a a a a a a =  =  =  u is constant