《景观生态学》（英文版） LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY SREM 3011 LECTURE 4

LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY SREM 3011 LECTURE 4 Dr Brendan Mackey Department of Geography The Australian National University

LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY SREM 3011 LECTURE 4 Dr Brendan Mackey Department of Geography The Australian National University

Niche theory niche n-dimensional hyper-volume Which defines the set of environmental conditions within which a species can (a exist/survive, (b)complete its life cycle potential niche realised niche physiological niche ecological niche

Niche theory niche = n-dimensional hyper-volume which defines the set of environmental conditions within which a species can (a) exist/survive, (b) complete its life￾cycle potential niche realised niche physiological niche ecological niche

high Tolerance range Vigor of Plant can grow in plant growth these perera Mites and Plant will not grow competitive in these conditions, ablity outside tolerance CDnn as range low sCeGuerStn Environmental variable ( e.g. sunlight, temperature, water)

Modelling plant/animal distributions full niche specification difficult/impossible? potential environmental domain response to primary environmental regimes meso-scale climate response=> potential bioclimatic domain potential climatic distribution

Modelling plant/animal distributions full niche specification difficult/impossible? potential environmental domain = response to primary environmental regimes meso-scale climate response => potential bioclimatic domain potential climatic distribution

Climate surfaces Bioclim Species data DEM (x y z)+ Bioclim-grid Bioclim-sites bio gridded Bioclim parameters pro Biomap file of matching grid cells GIS raster file

Climate surfaces Bioclim Bioclim-grid Bioclim-sites gridded Bioclim parameters Biomap *. bio *. pro DEM Species data (x y z) + file of matching grid cells GIS raster file

Flowchart for climate Interpolation SPLIN Input climate runSPLINH+ SPLIN SHO surface data files log file SPLIN files ESOCLIMGRASS environment knot file DEM run sElnot START GRASS environment → various GIS analyses eg display, overlay

Flowchart for Climate Interpolation Input climate data files runSPLIN knot file runSELNOT START SPLIN log file SHOW￾SPLIN SPLIN surface files run ESOCLIM GRASS environment GRASS environment various GIS analyses eg. display, overlay DEM

Flowchart for Bioclim Analysis run BIOCLIMGRIDH* bio file GRASS START run blOMAP environment various Gis Species pro file analysis location run BIOCLIM eg. raster file es SHOW bio file conversion BIOCLIM display Climate surfaces

Flowchart for Bioclim Analysis Species location files runBIOCLIM *.pro file *.bio file SHOW BIOCLIM START runBIOCLIMGRID *.bio file runBIOMAP GRASS environment various GIS analysis eg. raster conversion, display Climate surfaces

1. Annual Mean Temperature 2. Mean Diurnal Range(Mean(period max-min)) 3. Isothermality 2/7 4. Temperature seasonality (c of v) 5. Max Temperature of warmest Period 6. Min Temperature of coldest Period 7. Temperature Annual Range (5-6) 8. Mean Temperature of wettest Quarter 9. Mean Temperature of driest Quarter 10. Mean Temperature of warmest Quarter 11. Mean Temperature of coldest Quarter 12. Annual Precipitation 13. Precipitation of wettest Period EXAMPLE OF BIOCLIM OUTPUT FILE -81.3583 48.7531274 1.O2 12.570.251294.58 24.53 25.2949.82 14.98-7.89 16.27 16.32867.0294.8542.9122.55272.34157.14 267.56177.74 EXAMPLE OF E工○CL工 M OUTPUT E工LE★,PRO Annual neai teipeiaiure profiie: mean 109 25 50 75岩 90号 95号 4301.2412.40 12.90 13.60 14.70 15.7O 16.20 14,4C maxmum mnaimuim 16.50 11.50

Mean Annual Temperature 75 PERCENTILE 25 1111111111111111 0-1 11.5 13.1 14.8 5.5

Mean Annual Temperature

Distribution of the 3635 FEc plots across Ontario

Distribution of the 3635 FEC plots across Ontario