四川建筑职业技术学院：《大学英语》课程PPT教学课件（3级考试）第十五讲 构词法

构词 冯映翠 词缀油/派生渎 合成法 其他枸词法

构词法 冯映翠 词缀法/派生法 合成法 其他构词法

后缀suf 常见的构成名词的后缀 ability ability stability availability -age leakage shortage shrinkage drainage a/ denial dismissal renewal withdrawal burial -an American Russian Asian Indian African -ance admittance attendance endurance ant accountant attendant contestant pollutant -ary missionary adversary beneficiary dignitary ate electorate consulate doctorate directorate ation examination imagination relaxation education cy privacy accuracy efficiency pregnancy presidency dom freedom wisdom boredom stardom kingdom

★ 后缀 suffix 常见的构成名词的后缀 ◼ -ability ability stability availability ◼ -age leakage shortage shrinkage drainage ◼ -al denial dismissal renewal withdrawal burial ◼ -an American Russian Asian Indian African ◼ -ance admittance attendance endurance ◼ -ant accountant attendant contestant pollutant ◼ -ary missionary adversary beneficiary dignitary ◼ -ate electorate consulate doctorate directorate ◼ -ation examination imagination relaxation education ◼ -cy privacy accuracy efficiency pregnancy presidency ◼ -dom freedom wisdom boredom stardom kingdom

ee employee nominee examinee trainee trustee -eer engineer mountaineer profiteer ence difference existence dependence competence -er farmer observer eader waiter winner recorder ery bribery mockery machinery scenery ese Chinese Japanese Portuguese ess princess actress empress goddess heiress - hood childhood manhood neighborhood brotherhood -lan magician musician historian politician physician ibility possibility responsibility flexibility visibilit -Ing feeling reading cooking shopping ending washing on action contribution exhibition production conclusion Ism socialism realism idealism optimism terrorism ist activist idealist capitalist communist socialist terrorist

◼ -ee employee nominee examinee trainee trustee ◼ -eer engineer mountaineer profiteer ◼ -ence difference existence dependence competence ◼ -er farmer observer leader waiter winner recorder ◼ -ery bribery mockery machinery scenery ◼ -ese Chinese Japanese Portuguese ◼ -ess princess actress empress goddess heiress ◼ -hood childhood manhood neighborhood brotherhood ◼ -ian magician musician historian politician physician ◼ -ibility possibility responsibility flexibility visibility ◼ -ing feeling reading cooking shopping ending washing ◼ -ion action contribution exhibition production conclusion ◼ -ism socialism realism idealism optimism terrorism ◼ -ist activist idealist capitalist communist socialist terrorist

ty prosperity equality formality hostility generosity let piglet starlet booklet man fireman businessman milkman policeman fisherman ment achievement development agreement argument ness happiness sadness goodness boldness or actor conductor inspector instructor creator -ry jewelry slavery rivalry bravery imagery ship friendship ownership authorship professorship ty loyalty safety penalty ure departure failure exposure pleasure pressure ware software hardware silverware kitchenware work housework metalwork brainwork homework y modesty difficulty discovery treasury treaty

◼ -ity prosperity equality formality hostility generosity ◼ -let piglet starlet booklet ◼ -man fireman businessman milkman policeman fisherman ◼ -ment achievement development agreement argument ◼ -ness happiness sadness goodness boldness ◼ -or actor conductor inspector instructor creator ◼ -ry jewelry slavery rivalry bravery imagery ◼ -ship friendship ownership authorship professorship ◼ -ty loyalty safety penalty ◼ -ure departure failure exposure pleasure pressure ◼ -ware software hardware silverware kitchenware ◼ -work housework metalwork brainwork homework ◼ -y modesty difficulty discovery treasury treaty

常见的构成形容词的后缀 able advisable admirable lovable comfortable valuable al national cultural musical historical original additiona an jan American Cuban Russian Asian Canadian African ant tolerant reluctant dominant triumphant important ary momentary voluntary fragmentary customary ate fortunate affectionate passionate collegiate ea excited bored amazed retired bearded doomed -en woolen earthen golden wooden waxen silken -ent different dependent insistent persistent consistent -ese Chinese Japanese Burmese vietnamese ful beautiful hopeful helpful dutiful joyful graceful ible permissible divisible contemptible collapsible forcible I -ic enthusiastic realistic poetic historic pessimistic -ica/ historical economical classical geographical ing amusing disgusting frightening surprising amazing

常见的构成形容词的后缀 ◼ -able advisable admirable lovable comfortable valuable ◼ -al national cultural musical historical original additional ◼ -an,ian American Cuban Russian Asian Canadian African ◼ -ant tolerant reluctant dominant triumphant important ◼ -ary momentary voluntary fragmentary customary ◼ -ate fortunate affectionate passionate collegiante ◼ -ed excited bored amazed retired bearded doomed ◼ -en woolen earthen golden wooden waxen silken ◼ -ent different dependent insistent persistent consistent ◼ -ese Chinese Japanese Burmese Vietnamese ◼ -ful beautiful hopeful helpful dutiful joyful graceful ◼ -ible permissible divisible contemptible collapsible forcible ◼ -ic enthusiastic realistic poetic historic pessimistic ◼ -ical historical economical classical geographical ◼ -ing amusing disgusting frightening surprising amazing

-ish Irish Swedish Spanish Boyish selfish bookish Childish ive active effective creative attractive competitive less endless restless useless careless heartless homeless like childlike honey-like prison-like ladylike dreamlike ly friendly lovely lively costly orderly lonely manly - -ous courageous furious dangerous famous various nervous some tiresome troublesome awesome wholesome loathsome a -wide worldwide nationwide countrywide company-wide worthy trustworthy praiseworthy noteworthy creditworthy y rainy dirty dusty thirsty flowery bloody cloudy

◼ -ish Irish Swedish Spanish Boyish selfish bookish Childish ◼ -ive active effective creative attractive competitive ◼ -less endless restless useless careless heartless homeless ◼ -like childlike honey-like prison-like ladylike dreamlike ◼ -ly friendly lovely lively costly orderly lonely manly ◼ -ous courageous furious dangerous famous various nervous ◼ -some tiresome troublesome awesome wholesome loathsome ◼ -wide worldwide nationwide countrywide company-wide ◼ -worthy trustworthy praiseworthy noteworthy creditworthy ◼ -y rainy dirty dusty thirsty flowery bloody cloudy

构成副词的后缀 clearly slowly obviously naturally exactly finally gradually rapidly normally badly -down head-down palm-down belly-down face-down -first head-first heel-first nose-first feet first ward(s) homeward westward(s) onward(s) backward(s) skyward(s)downward(s) -wise likewise clockwise anticlockwise vote-wise

构成副词的后缀 ◼ -ly clearly slowly obviously naturally exactly finally gradually rapidly normally badly ◼ -down head-down palm-down belly-down face-down ◼ -first head-first heel-first nose-first feet￾first ◼ -ward(s) homeward westward(s) onward(s) backward(s) skyward(s) downward(s) ◼ -wise likewise clockwise anticlockwise vote-wise

构成动词的后缀 ate activate originate motivate hyphenate en widen hasten lengthen strengthen sweeten sharpen shorten deepen loosen quicken brighten ify simplify intensify clarify notify purify qualify terrify horrify personify justify identify amplify ize apologize moralize emphasize criticize symbolize sympathize subsidize characterize terrorize legalize modernize standardize

构成动词的后缀 ◼ -ate activate originate motivate hyphenate ◼ -en widen hasten lengthen strengthen sweeten sharpen shorten deepen loosen quicken brighten ◼ -ify simplify intensify clarify notify purify qualify terrify horrify personify justify identify amplify ◼ -ize apologize moralize emphasize criticize symbolize sympathize subsidize characterize terrorize legalize modernize standardize

构成数词的后缀 teen thirteen sixteen fifteen y twenty eighty t y th fifth twelfth thirtieth

构成数词的后缀 ◼ -teen thirteen sixteen fifteen ◼ -ty twenty eighty ◼ -th fifth twelfth thirtieth

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