《综合英语》课程教学资源Ⅲ_50550_课程资源_综合英语Ⅲ_Unit 4 Diogenes and Alexander_背景知识_English 1902 Alexander

Alexander & theMacedoniaKingdomGroup Three

Alexander & the Macedonia Kingdom Group Three

目录Alexander:life experiencesAlexander:anecdotesAlexander:evaluationthe Macedonia Kingdom:Philip's reformConguerGreecetheMacedoniaKingdom:EasternExpedition,Troopwithdrawal,Hellenisticage,Four Macedonian wars

目 录 Alexander:￾life￾experiences Alexander:￾anecdotes Alexander:￾evaluation the￾Macedonia￾Kingdom:￾Philip's￾reform,￾ Conquer￾Greece the￾Macedonia￾Kingdom:￾Eastern￾ Expedition,￾Troop￾withdrawal,￾Hellenistic￾ age,￾Four￾Macedonian￾wars

Alexander@1life experiences

01 Alexander

Alexanderbecame kingBornin356B.CMacedonia.Father wasPhilip II,kingofMacedoniaMother was princess ofEpirusBy338B.C.PhilipIIcontrolledallof Greeceexcept Sparta.His goal:conquer persia .Buthe wasassassinated（暗杀）. So Alexander became king attheageof 20

Alexander became king • Born in 356 B.C Macedonia • Father was Philip II,king of Macedonia • Mother was princess of Epirus • By 338B.C. Philip II controlled all of Greece except Sparta.His goal :conquer persia .But he was assassinated(暗杀) • So Alexander became king at the age of 20

Alexander,theconquerorAlthough only 2oyearsold,Alexanderwasasstrongaleaderashisfatherhadbeen.，Withinayear,hehaddestoryedThebesn.底比斯（古希腊Boeotia的主要城邦）andenslaved奴役theThebanpeople底比斯人

Alexander,the conqueror • Although only 20 years old,Alexander was as strong a leader as his father had been. • Within a year, he had destoryed Thebesn. 底比斯（古希腊Boeotia的 主要城邦） and enslaved奴役 the Theban people底比斯人

Invasion&marchinghome.In334BC..AlexanderattackedthePersians(波斯)whosearmy was muchlarger than his own..In332BC,AlexanderwenttoEgypt,TheEgyptian governor there surrendered withoutafight.AlexanderwascrownedPharaoh被加冕成为埃及法老，.In327BC,AlexandercrossedtheIndusRiverand wanted to expand his empire deeper intoIndia but his exhausted soldiers refused to goany farther

Invasion &marching home • In 334 BC.,Alexander attacked the Persians(波 斯) whose army was much larger than his own. • In 332BC, Alexander went to Egypt ,The Egyptian governor there surrendered without a fight. Alexander was crowned Pharaoh 被加冕 成为埃及法老. • In 327BC,Alexander crossed the Indus River and wanted to expand his empire deeper into India but his exhausted soldiers refused to go any farther

ThedeathofAlexanderAlexander visited the city ofBabylon巴比伦,wherehediedat the ageof 33 undermysterious circumstances

The death of Alexander Alexander visited the city of Babylon巴比伦,where he died at the age of 33 under mysterious circumstances

Alexander02anecdotes

02 Alexander

BucephalusWhen Alexander was a boy of ten ortwelve, a man offered to se a large blackstallion（公马）to Alexander'sfatherPhillipthe king of Macedonia.The horse was wildand noone could mount（爬上）him.Thestorygoes that Alexander commentedonthegroomsskilltoderisively（嘲笑地）which his father challengea him to dobetterif he could.ApparentlyAlexanderhad noticed the stallion shy from hisownshadow, so turning the horse to face thesun,Alexanderleapt onto his back.Thegreatsteed（马）bolted off（拴在）intotheaistance, carrying the prince withhim.Ashort timelater,Alexander rode back ontheexhaustedcharger（马）.Phillip,.proud,and.perhaps abitfearful,ofhis son'sprowess(英勇）issaidtohavedeclared:"Myson,seekthee（你)outakingdomequaltothyself（你自芒）Macedonia has not room for thee

When Alexander was a boy of ten or twelve, a man offered to sell a large black stallion（公马）to Alexander's father, Phillip, the king of Macedonia. The horse was wild and no one could mount（爬上） him. The story goes that Alexander commented derisively（嘲笑地） on the grooms' skill, to which his father challenged him to do better if he could. Apparently Alexander had noticed the stallion shy from his own shadow, so turning the horse to face the sun, Alexander leapt onto his back. The great steed（马) bolted off (拴在）into the distance, carrying the prince with him. A short time later, Alexander rode back on the exhausted charger （马）. Phillip, proud, and perhaps a bit fearful, of his son's prowess(英勇), is said to have declared: "My son, seek thee （你） out a kingdom equal to thyself（你自己）， Macedonia has not room for thee. Bucephalus

Gordian knotAfter his first major victory against Persia（波斯）attheBattleofGranicus（格尼拉卡斯）Alexander headed northinto thefertileplainsofGreaterPhrygia（佛利吉亚）towinter the army in a region with amplesupplies.While in Phrygia,Alexander couldnot resist the lure of a local legend calledthe Gordian knot.一包The Phrygian kingdom was founded byMidas.A complexknot fastening a yoke (伽锁to its pole marked Gordius'burial site.It wassaid that whoever undid the knot would ruleAsia.The sourcesdifferon hismethod,butall agreethat Alexander successfullyuntangled（解开）theknot.Inthemostwellknown version,hecut theknot with a sword。Expert admits,"I cannot say with confidencewhat Alexander actually did about this knot,butheandhis suite（随从）certainlyleft theWagon（马车）withtheimpressionthattheoracle（神谕)abouttheundoingoftheknothad been fulfilled."This act certainly

Gordian knot After his first major victory against Persia （波斯） at the Battle of Granicus（格尼拉卡斯） , Alexander headed north into the fertile plains of Greater Phrygia（佛利吉亚） to winter the army in a region with ample supplies. While in Phrygia, Alexander could not resist the lure of a local legend called the Gordian knot. The Phrygian kingdom was founded by Midas. A complex knot fastening a yoke （枷锁） to its pole marked Gordius' burial site. It was said that whoever undid the knot would rule Asia. The sources differ on his method, but all agree that Alexander successfully untangled（解开） the knot. In the most well known version, he cut the knot with a sword 。 Expert admits, "I cannot say with confidence what Alexander actually did about this knot, but he and his suite（随从） certainly left the wagon（马车） with the impression that the oracle（神谕） about the undoing of the knot had been fulfilled. "This act certainly provided useful propaganda（宣传）