华中科技大学：《项目管理》Chapter 5: Project Time Management

Chapter 5 Project Time Management 2021/2/21

2021/2/21 1 Chapter 5: Project Time Management

Learning Objectives Explain the basic process for developing project schedules Describe how various tools and techniques help project managers perform activity definition, activity sequencing, activity duration estimating, schedule development, and schedule control Use a Gantt chart for schedule planning and tracking schedule information Construct a project network diagram and understand its importance for determining overall project completion dates Understand and use critical path analysis Describe several techniques for shortening project schedules Explain the basic concepts behind critical chain scheduling Discuss reality checks and people issues involved in project schedule management and control Describe how software can assist in project time management 2021/2/21

2021/2/21 2 Learning Objectives ◼ Explain the basic processfor developing project schedules ◼ Describe how various tools and techniques help project managers perform activity definition, activity sequencing, activity duration estimating, schedule development, and schedule control ◼ Use a Gantt chart for schedule planning and tracking schedule information ◼ Construct a project network diagram and understand its importance for determining overall project completion dates ◼ Understand and use critical path analysis ◼ Describe several techniquesfor shortening projectschedules ◼ Explain the basic concepts behind critical chain scheduling ◼ Discuss reality checks and people issues involved in project schedule management and control ◼ Describe how software can assist in project time management

Chapter outline Importance of Project Schedules Where Do Schedules Come From? Defining activities Activity Sequencing Project Network diagrams Activity Duration Estimating Schedule development gantt Charts Critical path method Program Evaluation and review Technique(pert Controlling Changes to the Project Schedule Reality Checks on Scheduling Working with People issues Using software to assist in Time management Words of Caution On Using project management Software 2021/2/21

2021/2/21 3 Chapter Outline ◼ Importance of Project Schedules ◼ Where Do SchedulesCome From? Defining Activities ◼ Activity Sequencing ◼ Project Network Diagrams ◼ Activity Duration Estimating ◼ Schedule Development ◼ Gantt Charts ◼ Critical Path Method ◼ Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) ◼ ControllingChanges to the Project Schedule ◼ RealityChecks on Scheduling ◼ Working with People Issues ◼ Using Software to Assist in Time Management ◼ Words of Caution On Using Project Management Software

1。 Importance of Proiect Schedules 2021/2/21

2021/2/21 4 1. Importance of Project Schedules

Importance of Project Schedules Managers often cite delivering projects on time as one of their biggest challenges Average time overrun from 1995 CHAOS report was 222%, improved to 63%in 2001 study Time has the least amount of flexibility it passes no matter what Schedule issues are the main reason for conflicts on projects, especially during the second half of projects 2021/2/21

2021/2/21 5 Importance of Project Schedules ◼ Managers often cite delivering projects on time as one of their biggest challenges ◼ Average time overrun from 1995 CHAOS report was 222%; improved to 63% in 2001 study ◼ Time has the least amount of flexibility; it passes no matter what ◼ Schedule issues are the main reason for conflicts on projects, especially during the second half of projects

Conflict Intensity Over the Life of a project 0.40 0.35 030 口 Schedules 025 Average口 Priorities Total Conflict 口 Manpower 0.20 口 Technical opinions ■ Procedures c0.15 口 Personality conficts 60.10 0.05 0.00 Pro Early Phases Middle Phases End Phases Formation 2021/2/21

2021/2/21 6 Conflict Intensity Over the Life of a Project 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 Project Formation Early Phases Middle Phases End Phases Conflict Intensity Schedules Priorities Manpower Technical opinions Procedures Cost Personality conflicts Average Total Conflict

Project Time Management Processes Project time management involves the processes required to ensure timely completion of a project. Processes include: Activity definition nActⅳ ty sequencing Activity duration estimating Schedule development Schedule control 2021/2/21

2021/2/21 7 Project Time Management Processes ◼ Project time management involves the processes required to ensure timely completion of a project. Processes include: ◼ Activity definition ◼ Activity sequencing ◼ Activity duration estimating ◼ Schedule development ◼ Schedule control

2 Where do schedules Come from? 2021/2/21

2021/2/21 8 2.Where Do Schedules Come From?

Defining Activities document that initiate a proje e basic Project schedules grow out of the Project charter includes start and end dates and budget information Scope statement and Wbs help define what vill be done Activity definition involves developing a more detailed WBs and supporting explanations to understand all the work to be done 2021/2/21 9

2021/2/21 9 Defining Activities ◼ Project schedules grow out of the basic document that initiate a project ◼ Project charter includes start and end dates and budget information ◼ Scope statement and WBS help define what will be done ◼ Activity definition involves developing a more detailed WBS and supporting explanations to understand all the work to be done

3Actⅳ ity Sequencing 2021/2/21

2021/2/21 10 3.Activity Sequencing