《近代中国对外关系史 The History of Modern China's Foreign Relations》课程教学资源（PPT讲稿）What’s the Battle of Shanghai：new trial to research Sino- Japanese War by GIS

What's the Battle of Shanghai:new trial to research Sino- Japanese War by GIs PROFESSOR KAWASHIMA SHIN DR CHIHYUN CHANG

What’s the Battle of Shanghai: new trial to research Sino- Japanese War by GIS PROFESSOR KAWASHIMA SHIN DR CHIHYUN CHANG

Summary of Presentation 1.A New Perspective 2.Primary and Secondary Materials 3.Research Methods 4.Conclusion

Summary of Presentation 1. A New Perspective 2. Primary and Secondary Materials 3. Research Methods 4. Conclusion

1.1 Kawashima:Globalise the History of Wars 1.2 Chang:Economy,Trade and Taxation at Wartime 1.3 Possible Extension:Kushner's B&C Class War Criminal Studies 1.A NEW PERSPECTIVE

1.1 Kawashima: Globalise the History of Wars 1.2 Chang: Economy, Trade and Taxation at Wartime 1.3 Possible Extension: Kushner’s B & C Class War Criminal Studies 1. A NEW PERSPECTIVE

1.1 Kawashima:A New Perspective towards the History of Wars 1. De-politicisation ()Hitoricise what had happened by building up a platform for displaying multi-source materials. 2.De-nationalisation(去國家化：Jump out from the traditional narrative accounts from unilateral and bilateral perspectives. 3. Globalisation:Consider wars as a series of transnational phenomena and focus on the wartime effects on global trade,economy and post-war judicial cases on B&C class war criminals in the eyes of the courts at different countries. 4.Spatialisation:Locate the wartime damage at particular areas;analyse how the damages affect local economy;and research post-war rehabilitation in infrastructure and residential networks

1.1 Kawashima: A New Perspective towards the History of Wars 1. De-politicisation (去政治化) : Hitoricise what had happened by building up a platform for displaying multi-source materials. 2. De-nationalisation (去國家化): Jump out from the traditional narrative accounts from unilateral and bilateral perspectives. 3. Globalisation: Consider wars as a series of transnational phenomena and focus on the wartime effects on global trade, economy and post-war judicial cases on B & C class war criminals in the eyes of the courts at different countries. 4. Spatialisation: Locate the wartime damage at particular areas; analyse how the damages affect local economy; and research post-war rehabilitation in infrastructure and residential networks

1.2 Chang:Economy,Trade and Taxation at Wartime 1.Standardisation of Statistical Data in Trade and Taxation: International Currency exchange rates, 2.Wartime Economic Pattern:Wars cause damages,damages cause demands,and demands cause trade revenues,trade revenues cause tax income. 3.Wartime Trade Dynamics:Formation of export-oriented economy manufacturing sector's readjustment. 4.Wartime Taxation Structure:Focus more on trade surplus and focus less on tax income

1.2 Chang: Economy, Trade and Taxation at Wartime 1. Standardisation of Statistical Data in Trade and Taxation: International Currency exchange rates, 2. Wartime Economic Pattern: Wars cause damages, damages cause demands, and demands cause trade revenues, trade revenues cause tax income. 3. Wartime Trade Dynamics: Formation of export-oriented economy & manufacturing sector’s readjustment. 4. Wartime Taxation Structure: Focus more on trade surplus and focus less on tax income

Shanghai China Fapi(Milli Import Export USD(Millio Export Total Total Value Import Import Export Total Value USD(Million) Import Export Total on) Value Value n) Value Value Value Value Value Value Value Value Fapi(Million) 1932 1932 1932 1932 795 247 1,042 1,656 2,424 1,556 1933 1933 1933 1933 736 316 1,052 194 83 277 1,359 612 1,971 358 161 519 1934 1934 1934 1934 600 272 873 203 92 295 1039 536 1,575 351 181 532 1935 1935 1935 1935 508 289 797 184 105 289 925 576 1,501 335 209 544 1936 1936 1936 1936 555 362 917 165 108 273 945 707 1,651 281 210 491 1937 1937 1937 1937 511 405 915 150 119 268 956 839 1,795 280 246 526 1938 1938 1938 1938 275 223 498 58 47 105 893 764 1,657 188 160 348 1939 1939 1939 1939 588 595 1183 66 67 133 1,343 1,030 2,373 151 116 268 1940 1940 1940 1940 758 1,373 2131 83 129 2,044 1,976 4.020 124 119 243 1941 1941 1941 786 2,042 2,829 1941 42 108 150 2,420 2,912 5,332 128 154 283

Shanghai Fapi(Milli on) Import Value Export Value Total Value USD(Millio n) Import Value Export Value Total Value 1932 795 247 1,042 1932 1933 736 316 1,052 1933 194 83 277 1934 600 272 873 1934 203 92 295 1935 508 289 797 1935 184 105 289 1936 555 362 917 1936 165 108 273 1937 511 405 915 1937 150 119 268 1938 275 223 498 1938 58 47 105 1939 588 595 1,183 1939 66 67 133 1940 758 1,373 2,131 1940 46 83 129 1941 786 2,042 2,829 1941 42 108 150 China Fapi(Million) Import Value Export Value Total Value USD(Million) Import Value Export Value Total Value 1932 1,656 2,424 1,556 1932 1933 1,359 612 1,971 1933 358 161 519 1934 1,039 536 1,575 1934 351 181 532 1935 925 576 1,501 1935 335 209 544 1936 945 707 1,651 1936 281 210 491 1937 956 839 1,795 1937 280 246 526 1938 893 764 1,657 1938 188 160 348 1939 1,343 1,030 2,373 1939 151 116 268 1940 2,044 1,976 4,020 1940 124 119 243 1941 2,420 2,912 5,332 1941 128 154 283

Shanghai Shanghai 3,000 400.00 2,500 300.00 2,000 ◆Import Value (aSO)om ◆Import Value 1,500 200.00 1,000 --Export Value --Export Value 100.00 500 數列"Total Value"資料點"1932" --Total Value t一Total Value 0 值：1,042 0.00 China China 6,000 600 5,000 500 (S'IS)suomI!IA 4,000 ◆--Import Value (aSO)omN 300 ◆--Import Value 3,000 2,000 --Export Value --Export Value 1,000 t一Total Value 708 --Total Value 0 0 2961 E861 菡 S61 虽 2E60 8561 6960 虽 ⑧

Standardisation ol Irade Data.currency Exchange Rates Exchange of Fapi Year 每单位恒币55合黄元 旋府日所定对外仁价平 每单位国币55)合日元 麻日所定对外汇价平均 (U5D) 均植算之汇价 (Y) 镇算之汇价 0.4 1.4 19g3 0.26347 1.01077 0.35 1.2 1934 0.33787 113266 0.3 1935 0.36243 1.25903 1 1936 0.29712 1.02342 0.25 1937 0.29305 1.02032 0.8 ◆每单位回币(5t.S)合美元 1928 0.21011 0.3 0.73192 1.03 0.2 (USD) 疆每单位国币5t.S)合日元(JY) 1939 0.11277 03 0.42529 103 0.6 1940 0.06043 03 0.75099 1.03 0.15 1941 0.053 03 0.51725 103 0.4 0.1 1.The exchange rates between Fabi,USD and Yen in were the 0.2 0.05 average rates in the American and Japanese financial markets before and in 1938;and the ones after 1938 were calculated 0 on daily base. 193319341935193619371938193919401941 2.After 1938,the Nationalist Government fixed its official exchange rate daily

Standardisation of Trade Data: Currency Exchange Rates Year 每单位国币(St.S)合美元 （USD） 按政府每日所定对外汇价平 均核算之汇价 每单位国币St.S）合日元 （JY） 按政府每日所定对外汇价平均 核算之汇价 1933 0.26347 1.01077 1934 0.33787 1.13266 1935 0.36243 1.25903 1936 0.29712 1.02342 1937 0.29305 1.02032 1938 0.21011 0.3 0.73192 1.03 1939 0.11277 0.3 0.42529 1.03 1940 0.06043 0.3 0.75099 1.03 1941 0.053 0.3 0.51725 1.03 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 E xchange rate Exchange of Fapi 每单位国币(St.S)合美元 （USD） 每单位国币St.S）合日元（JY） 1. The exchange rates between Fabi, USD and Yen in were the average rates in the American and Japanese financial markets before and in 1938; and the ones after 1938 were calculated on daily base. 2. After 1938, the Nationalist Government fixed its official exchange rate daily

B C class war criminal trails The 49 sites(managed C2 by China,Philippines, C3。 US,UK,Australia, C8o Holland and France) 10 around East and SE 。JS4 Asia where post-WWIl war crimes trials of UK UK5 UK6 US5。 UK8 Japanese soldiers and officers were held (1945-1956)

B & C class war criminal trails The 49 sites (managed by China, Philippines, US, UK, Australia, Holland and France) around East and SE Asia where post-WWII war crimes trials of Japanese soldiers and officers were held (1945-1956)

主文 转 ,温為被告共同質施酷刑，提起公涵·刷據失硒洋，敬汕非、胡命爱妻、浙同前情 醴内外部，英不資低·光復後，本庭檢察官，先就練銀生，陳在端告诉被害部分 武治雄，與在逃日警相部桂，秦警蘇水幅等，送随毒打，灌水，致陳銀生等五人身 先後被日人建捕迪同前開陳銀生，陳在端，先後集中押於春北刑務所，經被告安 坤，住毫北候胞俱题洋、住耀東儒胞陳揭魏，亦於同年月日至次年四月廿九日止， 生，更合同波告安武治雄，對於陳在端，祖打典煮水余饰，又有住宜蘭低胞陳道 告應正全借同不知姓名之日人，捕至宜蘭警著，合同日人高等刑事吉川，提打陳銀 ,杏有曾披者，計有住居宜關僑胞陳銀生，陳在端二人，於同年十二月七日，經被 课第一保保長，波告廖正全，无宜蘭那警察课高等刑事，曾参與其事·就告源有案 無享人民，激欣建捕而受残酷之非刑者不可勝計，時被告安武治雄，无奇北州外事 ,为乘中日戰事發生之森，下合全臺華低總检舉，因是我留居毫坤未及做退回画之 奉低代表大會時，有秘密祖藏臺洲華低抗日教藏會情事（部日政府所测與中會事件） 缘前毫湖触督府保安课，以中華總會篇民固二十六年四月間，在毫北召阴之第十永 廖正全，共同連給對非軍人施以酷刑，處有期徒刑五年，其餘就份無罩。 安武治雄，共同連軾對非軍人施以酷刑，慮有期建刑十年，其餘浙份無罪。 右列被書等因温随馨刑臀妨害自由案件，經本庭检察官提起公再，本庭判决如左： 指定粽護人劉旺才律師 公浙人本庭軍法檢察官 正全男、年三九满，美哪基最市人，住糕隆市温从可四十八香期、紫的茶北縣美 安武治雄果，年五二意，日本服料縣人、住着北市八甲町一丁日六德，垂自茶老州外 臺灣全省警備司令部審鞭犯軍事法庭刊决 十大车度害牛館肾价 012