复旦大学：《西方美学经典导读》PPT教学课件_Nietzsche - Tragedy the birth of tragedy

Nietzsche General Thoughts x Return to an older source of being, bring self back to its origin x Rebelled against the general value saw the vitality of the Greeks owed to darker psychological attraction and the old gods of violence and intoxication

Nietzsche General Thoughts: ☆Return to an older source of being, bring self back to its origin. ☆Rebelled against the general value, saw the vitality of the Greeks owed to darker psychological attraction and the old gods of violence and intoxication

Inverted (reversed) the classical way: Individual-universal; present-eternal; the singular-type Rejected: 1/ intellectual control and conceptual limits 2/the abstraction of Hegelian history s The difficulties 1/ denial and negation 2/ can't be anthologized, the works stood alone Devotion: Aesthetics as the integration of philosophy and art 2/ Felling replaces reason, Art replaces philosopllk

► Inverted (reversed) the classical way: Individual-universal; present-eternal; the singular-type ► Rejected: 1/intellectual control and conceptual limits 2/the abstraction of Hegelian history ► The difficulties: 1/ denial and negation 2/ can’t be anthologized, the works stood alone. ► Devotion: 1/ Aesthetics as the integration of philosophy and art. 2/ Felling replaces reason. Art replaces philosophy

The Birth of Tragedy Preface to Richard Wagner(Basel, end of the year 1871) as my sublime predecessor on this path, I wish to dedicate this essay e what a seriously German problem is faced here and placed right in the center of German hopes I am convinced that art represents the highest task and the truly metaphysical activity of this life e art owes its continuous evolution to the apollinian- Dionysian duality

The Birth of Tragedy ► Preface to Richard Wagner (Basel, end of the year 1871) as my sublime predecessor on this path, I wish to dedicate this essay ► what a seriously German problem is faced here and placed right in the center of German hopes I am convinced that art represents the highest task and the truly metaphysical activity of this life ► art owes its continuous evolution to the Apollinian￾Dionysian duality

Apollonian Cool and distanced Ration, lawgiver Plastic arts Freeze at a moment > Visions: complete, coherent Controlled harmony Order and creative expression

Apollonian ►Cool and distanced ►Ration, lawgiver ►Plastic arts ►Freeze at a moment ►Visions: complete, coherent ►Controlled harmony ►Order and creative expression

Dionysus ecstasy and intoxication Mystery and disorder Music(non-visual) > Wild and untrained, passionate Without appeal to image Exuberance and ecstasy Disorder and chaos to creation

Dionysus ►Ecstasy and intoxication ►Mystery and disorder ►Music (non-visual) ►Wild and untrained, passionate ►Without appeal to image ►Exuberance and ecstasy ►Disorder and chaos to creation

x Attic tragedy exhibits the salient features of both Apollo, the interpreter of dreams, takes deep delight in the contemplation of his dream APollonian norm; self-control So:“ Know thyself( Prometheus)“ Nothing too much(Oedipus Apollonian forces resisted against the titanic and barbaric menace

☆Attic tragedy exhibits the salient features of both. ►Apollo, the interpreter of dreams, takes deep delight in the contemplation of his dream. ►☆Apollonian norm: self-control ►So: “Know thyself” (Prometheus) “Nothing too much” (Oedipus) ►Apollonian forces resisted against the titanic and barbaric menace

Chorus-Dionysian XDon't talk the poetry abstractly. The dramatic chorus is the primary dramatic phenomenon; one can enter another body

Chorus-Dionysian ►☆Don’t talk the poetry abstractly. The dramatic chorus is the primary dramatic phenomenon; one can enter another body

Anti-Dionysus Euripides: Beautiful-Sensiblei Anti-Dionysiac tendency led the inartistic naturalism Socrates: Knowledge-Virtuous Beautiful-Conscious Orpheus: His cult opposed that of Dionysus

Anti-Dionysus ► Euripides: Beautiful-Sensible; Anti-Dionysiac tendency led the inartistic naturalism. ► Socrates: Knowledge- Virtuous Beautiful-Conscious ► Orpheus: His cult opposed that of Dionysus

Nietzsche criticized the socratic notion (1) The insatiable thirst for knowledge, if it not for the purpose of knowledge, but for practical and egotistical end, it is barbarism Nietzsche's Method: art as religion or science (2) The optimism implicit in logic must collapse The logic bites its own tail New perception a tragic perception requires the remedy of art

Nietzsche criticized the Socratic notion. ► (1) The insatiable thirst for knowledge, if it not for the purpose of knowledge, but for practical and egotistical end, it is barbarism. Nietzsche’s Method: art as religion or science ► (2) The optimism implicit in logic must collapse. The logic bites its own tail. New perception: a tragic perception requires the remedy of art

Apollo Dionysus Apollo: Plastic art Apollonian spirit embodies the principium individuation, achieves redemption in illusion. Dionysus: Art of music Dionysus opens a path to the maternal womb of being. Music is the will directly A.&d. work alongside the relation between music IMAge, coNcept. X Music gave birth to myth, to tragic myth It's vain to find tragic spirit from illusion and beauty Music alone gives us the delight felt at the annihilation of individual Dionysian art expresses the omnipotent will behind individuation

Apollo & Dionysus ► Apollo: Plastic art Apollonian spirit embodies the principium individuation, achieves redemption in illusion. ► Dionysus: Art of music Dionysus opens a path to the maternal womb of being. Music is the will directly. ► A. & D. work alongside, the relation between MUSIC & IMAGE, CONCEPT. ► ☆ Music gave birth to myth, to tragic myth. It’s vain to find tragic spirit from illusion and beauty. Music alone gives us the delight felt at the annihilation of individual. Dionysian art expresses the omnipotent will behind individuation