复旦大学：《西方美学经典导读》PPT教学课件_诗学 Poetics - Aristotle

PoE 335BCE Aristotle 384~322BcE

1 Poetics 335BCE Aristotle 384~322BCE

Athens 347BCE as the apprentice of Plato Macedonia 343/335BCE the tutor of Alexander the great Lyceum; peripatetic, Peripateticism porco/; Athens 323BCE established his own scho + Chalcis 322BCEto prevent the Athenians from sinning twice against philosophy

2  Athens 347BCE as the apprentice of Plato  Macedonia 343/335BCE the tutor of Alexander the Great  Athens 323BCE established his own school: Lyceum; peripatetic; Peripateticism porch  Chalcis 322BCE “to prevent the Athenians from sinning twice against philosophy

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Career: Scientific writings, political and ethical theory, metaphysics Practical analysis(Poetics, Rhetoric Opinion: Forms are always embodied in some way (dis-agree with Plato) Plato is dear to me, but dearer still is the truth Style: Expository and analytical(P---ironic and dialectic)

4  Career: Scientific writings, political and ethical theory, metaphysics, Practical analysis (Poetics, Rhetoric)  Opinion: Forms are always embodied in some way. (dis-agree with Plato) “Plato is dear to me, but dearer still is the truth.”  Style: Expository and analytical (P --- ironic and dialectic)

Philosophy of Aristotle Four Causes: material- formal- efficient- final Opinion: Forms are always embodied in some way.(dis-agree with Plato) The origin of a thing determines what it is.(agree with Plato) I Greece] Aristotle Translated by S H. Butcher ◆《诗学-诗艺》:亚理士多德、贺拉斯,罗念生、杨周翰译,人民文学出 版社,1962年版 《诗学》:亚里士多德,陈中梅译注,商务印书馆,1999年版

5 Philosophy of Aristotle  Four Causes: material – formal – efficient – final  Opinion: Forms are always embodied in some way. (dis-agree with Plato) The origin of a thing determines what it is. (agree with Plato) [Greece] Aristotle Translated by S. H. Butcher  《诗学-诗艺》：亚理士多德、贺拉斯，罗念生、杨周翰译，人民文学出 版社，1962年版  《诗学》: 亚里士多德, 陈中梅译注,商务印书馆, 1999年版

Chapter 1N5 Three ways for imitation ●1) Means Kinds of means: form, color, voice, rhythm, language, harmony

6 Chapter 1~5 Three ways for imitation  1) Means Kinds of means: form, color, voice, rhythm, language, harmony

2)objects The imitator represents actions Since the objects of imitation are men in action and these men must be either of a higher or a lower type +The agents should be either good or bad Since the line between virtue and vice is one dividing the whole of mankind

7 2) Objects  ☆The imitator represents actions.  Since the objects of imitation are men in action, and these men must be either of a higher or a lower type  The agents should be either good or bad. Since the line between virtue and vice is one dividing the whole of mankind

This difference it is that distinguishes Tragedy and comedy also The one would make its personages worse, and the other better than the men of the present day

8  This difference it is that distinguishes Tragedy and Comedy also;  The one would make its personages worse, and the other better, than the men of the present day

mAnners ◆ The manners simple narration(The dithyramb) the poet everywhere appears and never conceals himself imitation (The tragedy and comedy he assimilation of himself to another, either by the use of voice or gesture a union of the two (The epic, other styles of poetry )

9 3) Manners  The manners simple narration (The dithyramb) the poet everywhere appears and never conceals himself imitation (The tragedy and comedy ) he assimilation of himself to another, either by the use of voice or gesture a union of the two (The epic, other styles of poetry )

origins o 4) Origins of poetry and human nature Imitation is natural to man from childhood. ---Learning first by imitation Delight in learning. -- The sense of harmony and rhythm 10

10 4) Origins  4) Origins of poetry and human nature  Imitation is natural to man from childhood. --- Learning first by imitation.  Delight in learning. --- The sense of harmony and rhythm