上海交通大学：《材料组织结构表征》课程教学资源（课件讲义）14. 光学显微镜2-金相制备

看真相不要看假相 二、金相试样制备

二、金相试样制备 1 看真相不要看假相

好样品是成功的一半

好样品是成功的一半 2

金相学(metallography) ·Metallography: -A systematic method to examine microstructure of materials(mainly metallic materials) Can also be used to examine ceramics, polymers and semiconductors

金相学(metallography) • Metallography: – A systematic method to examine microstructure of materials (mainly metallic materials) – Can also be used to examine ceramics, polymers and semiconductors 3

Robert Hooke(1635-1703) 于17世纪晚期设计的显微镜 www.instrumnont com.c 图1铁顾石腐刻后直接印制的魏氏组织(1820) Count Alois von Beckh Widmanstatten Π.Π.AHOCOB H.C.Sorby A.Martens F6 F.Osmond Fig'5

4 Count Alois von Beckh Widmanstätten П.П. Аносов H.C. Sorby A. Martens F. Osmond Robert Hooke(1635-1703) 于17世纪晚期设计的显微镜

取样 制样 浸蚀 观察 5

5 取样 制样 浸蚀 观察

Sample frame ND RD (s) 取样 Sample frame [S) TD orthogonal,preferably right-handed frame Preferably chosen according to important directions or surfaces associated with specimen rolling:RD,TD.ND uniaxial (e.g.tension/compression): T100] [010 ·principal axis:Z, .X,Y perpendicular(arbitrary) I001) 礼制表丽 轧谢方狗 3 图1-1 轧制刑材金相试样的取 1一与轧捌彩府Y行的纵断血2一与轧制表面垂直的纵断面 3一横断面4一效射纵断阿6一切向纵断面 6

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取样 niplo.cumm 面au, 7

取样 7

取样 B A mmwSss C Swwwtt D 8

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(a) 取样 Microtomy: Useful for preparing soft materials such as polymer samples. Steel,glass or diamond knives in a microtome can Specimen Specimen holder block Block Specimen cut samples into very thin Knife sections. Knife Cut section Sections (b) (a)Adapted from http://www.me.ust.hk/-meiswu/. Microscope slide Copper mesh (b)From http://blass.com.au/definitions/microtome grid 9

取样 9

取样 电火花放电加工 (electric discharge machining) DK7740维度 三 本车情界长味有区公间 图104数控线切割加工原理 1一数控装置：2一滚丝简；3一导轮；4一电极丝；5一工件； 6一喷嘴；7一绝缘板；8一高频脉冲发生器；9一系； 10一工作液：11一步进电机 10

取样 • 电火花放电加工 (electric discharge machining) 10