华中农业大学：《微生物学》课程PPT教学课件（英文版）Chapter 4 Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Chapter 4 Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Chapter 4 Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Chapter outline 4.1 Eukaryotic cell structure 4.2 Fungal growth and reproduction 4.3 Major group and properties of fungi 4.4 Yeasts 4.5 Slime molds 4.6 Protozoa 4.7 Algae

Chapter outline 4.1 Eukaryotic cell structure 4.2 Fungal growth and reproduction 4.3 Major group and properties of fungi 4.4 Yeasts 4.5 Slime molds 4.6 Protozoa 4.7 Algae

Concepts Eukaryotes,genetic material is distributed between cells by the highly organized complex processes called mitosis and meiosis. Eukaryotic cells differ most obviously from prokaryotic cells in having a variety of membranous organells in the cytoplasmic matrix and the majority of their genetic material within membrane-delimited nuclei. Eukaryotes are heterotrophic microorganisms

Concepts • Eukaryotes, genetic material is distributed between cells by the highly organized , complex processes called mitosis and meiosis. • Eukaryotic cells differ most obviously from prokaryotic cells in having a variety of membranous organells in the cytoplasmic matrix and the majority of their genetic material within membrane-delimited nuclei. • Eukaryotes are heterotrophic microorganisms

4.1 Eukaryotic cell structure Cytoplasmic membrane Ribosomes Cytoplasm Mitochondrion Nuclear membrane Nucleus Nucleolus Endoplasmic reticulum Chloroplast

4.1 Eukaryotic cell structure Cytoplasmic membrane Ribosomes Cytoplasm Mitochondrion Nuclear membrane Nucleus Nucleolus Endoplasmic reticulum Chloroplast

The eukaryotic cell is more complex.All eukaryotes contain a membrane-enclosed nucleus.The eukaryotic cell can be enclosed by a cell wall or cell walls may be absent Organelles are universal among eukaryotic cells while chloroplasts are found only in photosynthetic cells

The eukaryotic cell is more complex. All eukaryotes contain a membrane-enclosed nucleus. The eukaryotic cell can be enclosed by a cell wall or cell walls may be absent . Organelles are universal among eukaryotic cells while chloroplasts are found only in photosynthetic cells

Eukaryotic Microorganisms Molds Mushrooms Fungi Yeasts Algae Protozoa

Molds Mushrooms Fungi Yeasts Algae Protozoa Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Major differences among fungi,algae and protozoans FUNGI ALGAE PROTOZOANS Kingdom Fungi Protista and Plantee Protista Nutritional type Chemoheterotroph Photoautotroph Chemoheterotroph Multicellular All,except yeasts Some None Cellular Unicellular, Unicellular, Unicellular arrangement filamentous, colonial, fleshy(such as filamentous, mushrooms) tissues Food acquisition Absorptive Absorptive Absorptive cytostome Characteristic Sexual and Pigments Motility;some feature asexual spores form cysts Embryo None Some None

Major differences among fungi, algae and protozoans FUNGI ALGAE PROTOZOANS Kingdom Fungi Protista and Plantee Protista Nutritional type Chemoheterotroph Photoautotroph Chemoheterotroph Multicellular All, except yeasts Some None Cellular arrangement Unicellular, filamentous, fleshy(such as mushrooms) Unicellular, colonial, filamentous, tissues Unicellular Food acquisition Absorptive Absorptive Absorptive cytostome Characteristic feature Sexual and asexual spores Pigments Motility; some form cysts Embryo None Some None

Fungi are heterotrophic eukaryotic microorga- nisms.They are nonphotosynthetic and typically form reproductive spores. Algae are phototrophic eukaryotes that contain photosynthetic pigments within a structure called the chloroplast Protozoa are animallike protists exhibiting heterotrophic nutrition and they can be def- ined as usually motile eukaryotic unicellular microorganisms

Protozoa are animallike protists exhibiting heterotrophic nutrition and they can be def￾ined as usually motile eukaryotic unicellular microorganisms. Fungi are heterotrophic eukaryotic microorga￾nisms. They are nonphotosynthetic and typically form reproductive spores. Algae are phototrophic eukaryotes that contain photosynthetic pigments within a structure called the chloroplast

4.2 Fungal growth and reproduction Fungi contain cell walls and produce spores, most described species form a relatively tight phylogenetic cluster. Three major groups of fungi are recognized: the molds the yeasts the mushrooms

Fungi contain cell walls and produce spores, most described species form a relatively tight phylogenetic cluster. the molds the yeasts the mushrooms 4.2 Fungal growth and reproduction Three major groups of fungi are recognized:

Molds The molds are filamentous fungi.They are widespread in nature.Each filament grows mainly at the tip,by extension of the terminal cell A single filament is called a hypha (plural,hyphae) Hyphae usually grow together across a surface and form compact tufts,collectively called a mycelium, which can be seen easily without a microscope

The molds are filamentous fungi. They are widespread in nature. Each filament grows mainly at the tip, by extension of the terminal cell . Molds A single filament is called a hypha (plural, hyphae). Hyphae usually grow together across a surface and form compact tufts, collectively called a mycelium, which can be seen easily without a microscope