华东师范大学传播学院：中国纪录片 Documentary in China

Documentary in China

Documentary in China

The Shadow Show Era (1895-1921) “ Shadow show “影戏” Chinese first film: Dingjun Mountain(《定军山》) was produced by ren Qingtai (任庆泰), the owner of Fengtai photo studio in Beijing in Beijing Opera Master 1905. Tan Xinpei谭鑫培

The Shadow Show Era （1895-1921） • “Shadow show”——“影戏” • Chinese first film :Dingjun Mountain （《定军山》 ） was produced by Ren Qingtai （任庆泰） ，the owner of Fengtai photo studio in Beijing in 1905. Beijing Opera Master Tan Xinpei 谭鑫培

The pioneer chinese non-fiction films The battle of wean《武汉战争》& The battle of shanghai《上海战争》(1911 Commercial press(商务印书馆) produced a number of newsreels educational films and travelogues(1919-1926)

• The pioneer Chinese non-fiction films — The Battle of Wehan《武汉战争》& The Battle of Shanghai《上海战争》(1911) — Commercial Press （商务印书馆） produced a number of newsreels educational films and travelogues (1919-1926)

The Era of Science and democracy (19121932) Chinese documentary entered into a prosperous period the mushroom of domestic film studios a large number of lower budget productions fierce marketing competition Several large scale revolutionary movements, such as the may 30 th movement(五卅运动) and the northern Expedition (E), became ideal subjects for documentary productions Documentary concept the term Documentary" was firstly appeared in a chinese- English Dictionary(梁实秋《实用英汉词典》) in1931

The Era of Science and Democracy （1912-1932） • Chinese documentary entered into a prosperous period — the mushroom of domestic film studios — a large number of lower budget productions — fierce marketing competition • Several large scale revolutionary movements , such as the May 30th Movement（五卅运动）and the Northern Expedition （北伐）, became ideal subjects for documentary productions. • Documentary concept — the term “Documentary”was firstly appeared in a Chinese- English Dictionary （梁实秋 《实用英汉词典》） in 1931

The War Era (1932-1949) The emergence of sound film in documentary genre ully explored the political function of documentary a weapon to conquer the political ravels 1933, Centra| Film studio(中央电影摄影场)in Nanjing, mainly produced newsreels and propaganda films Yanan Film group(延安电影团) anan and the eighth Route army《延安与八路军》

The War Era （1932-1949） • The emergence of sound film in documentary genre • Fully explored the political function of documentary： a weapon to conquer the political ravels • 1933，Central Film Studio （中央电影摄影场）in Nanjing，mainly produced newsreels and propaganda films • Yanan Film Group （延安电影团） — Yanan and the Eighth Route Army《延安与八路军》

The Liberation Era (1950-1957) Reflecting the military success Marching to Tibet《解放西藏大军行》 The korean war《抗美援朝》 Presenting great achievements of varies fields Land Reform《伟大的土地改革》 The first car《第一辆汽车》 Conquer Mount Qomolangma《征服世界最高峰》

The Liberation Era（1950-1957） • Reflecting the military success — Marching to Tibet 《解放西藏大军行》 — The Korean War《抗美援朝》 • Presenting great achievements of varies fields — Land Reform《伟大的土地改革》 — The First Car《第一辆汽车》 — Conquer Mount Qomolangma《征服世界最高峰》

The found of Central newsreel and documentary film studio (中央新闻纪录电影制片厂)in1952 The first production meeting was held in the central Newsreel and documentary film studio in December 1953 acclaiming for U.S.S.R's"visualized political discourse (“形象化的政论”) The booming of science and educational films Achieved high yield Accessed to the world

• The found of “Central Newsreel and documentary film studio” （中央新闻纪录电影制片厂）in 1952 • The first production meeting was held in the Central Newsreel and documentary film studio in December 1953 — acclaiming for U.S.S.R’s “visualized political discourse” （“形象化的政论”） • The booming of Science and educational films — Achieved high yield — Accessed to the world

Four development periods after 1958 Period of politics(1958-1977) Period of Humanity (1978-1992) Period of civilian population (1993-1998) Period of socialization( 1999-)

Four development periods after 1958 • Period of politics（1958-1977） • Period of Humanity （1978-1992） • Period of civilian population （1993-1998） • Period of Socialization（1999- ）

Period of politics (1958-1977) Exaggerated the political function of documentary films the party and the government s high demand of political propaganda the dominance of political discourse adopted an indoctrination style of narrative the dominant subjects: national politics class struggle Achieved poor effect of communication the detachment of image and sound a stereotypical model of audio-visual presentation

Period of politics （1958-1977） • Exaggerated the political function of documentary films — the Party and the government’s high demand of political propaganda • the dominance of political discourse — adopted an indoctrination style of narrative — the dominant subjects: national politics & class struggle • Achieved poor effect of communication — the detachment of image and sound — a stereotypical model of audio-visual presentation

Rent collection courtyard 《收租院》(1965) A peak of earlier Chinese television documentary production Representing the struggle between the exploited class the exploiting class and in rural area lade for educational purpose Socialistic educational Movement Prose style(散文体) an emotional approach

Rent collection courtyard 《收租院》（1965） • A peak of earlier Chinese television documentary production • Representing the struggle between the exploited class the exploiting class and in rural area • Made for educational purpose: Socialistic educational Movement, • Prose style（散文体）: an emotional approach