电子科技大学：《语言学通论 General Linguistics》课程教学资源（课件讲稿）02 句法 Syntax

Syntax Introduction,Traditional,Structural 楚军外国语学院

Introduction, Traditional, Structural 楚军 外国语学院 Syntax

Different approaches to syntax --traditional, --structural, --formalist, --functional, --cognitive, and other minor approaches: Case grammar,Montague grammar,etc

Different approaches to syntax --traditional, --structural, --formalist, --functional, --cognitive, and other minor approaches: Case grammar, Montague grammar, etc

Semiotics C.W.Morris classifies semiotics into three sub- branches: syntactics/syntax(句法学/符号关系学)： the relation between linguistic symbols semantics(语义学/符号意义学)： the relation between linguistic symbols and the referents. pragmatics(语用学/符号实用学)： the relation between linguistic symbols and the users

Semiotics C.W. Morris classifies semiotics into three sub￾branches: syntactics /syntax (句法学 / 符号关系学): the relation between linguistic symbols. semantics (语义学 / 符号意义学): the relation between linguistic symbols and the referents. pragmatics (语用学 / 符号实用学): the relation between linguistic symbols and the users

Traditional approach to syntax Traditional grammar? --referring to that tradition of linguistic theory, --going back to ancient Greece and ancient Rome,further developed in medieval Europe and Roman period. --modelled after the original Latin and Greek tradition

Traditional approach to syntax • Traditional grammar? --referring to that tradition of linguistic theory, --going back to ancient Greece and ancient Rome, further developed in medieval Europe and Roman period. --modelled after the original Latin and Greek tradition

Traditional approach to syntax Traditional grammar belongs to prescriptivism- school grammar. In the broad sense,traditional grammar includes the scholarly traditional grammar-with the attitude of descriptivism. Thus,traditional grammar develops from prescriptivism to descriptivism

Traditional approach to syntax Traditional grammar belongs to prescriptivism— school grammar. In the broad sense, traditional grammar includes the scholarly traditional grammar—with the attitude of descriptivism. Thus, traditional grammar develops from prescriptivism to descriptivism

Quirk Grammar A Grammar of Contemporary English(1972) A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language (1985) by R.Quirk,S.Greenbaum,G.Leech,J.Svartvik (gang of four) A University Grammar of English(1974) by Quirk Greenbaum A Communicative Grammar of English by Leech Svartvik A Reference Grammar for Students of English(1975)by R.Cloze

Quirk Grammar • A Grammar of Contemporary English (1972) • A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language (1985) • by R. Quirk, S. Greenbaum, G. Leech, J. Svartvik (gang of four) • A University Grammar of English (1974) by Quirk & Greenbaum A Communicative Grammar of English by Leech & Svartvik A Reference Grammar for Students of English (1975) by R. Cloze

Quirk Grammar-scholarly traditional grammar A Grammar of Contemporary English: --Its basic frame belongs to traditional grammar. It inherits the tradition of descriptivism of historical grammarians; It also takes in all the advantages of the main modern grammatical schools. The grammatical system is based on the semantic category of complement,modification, coordination and subordination

Quirk Grammar —scholarly traditional grammar • A Grammar of Contemporary English: --Its basic frame belongs to traditional grammar. It inherits the tradition of descriptivism of historical grammarians; It also takes in all the advantages of the main modern grammatical schools. The grammatical system is based on the semantic category of complement, modification, coordination and subordination

Quirk Grammar-scholarly traditional grammar A Grammar of Contemporary English: The classification of parts of speech of words is based on the morphological,functional and semantic standards simultaneously in the frame of 8 parts of speech (v.:tense/aspect/voice/mood; n.:number/gender/case; art.;pron.;num.;adj.;adv.;prep. Syntax is still in the frame of simple and compound or complex sentences

Quirk Grammar —scholarly traditional grammar • A Grammar of Contemporary English: The classification of parts of speech of words is based on the morphological, functional and semantic standards simultaneously in the frame of 8 parts of speech (v.: tense/aspect/voice/mood; n.: number/gender/case; art.; pron.; num.; adj.; adv.; prep. ) Syntax is still in the frame of simple and compound or complex sentences

Quirk Grammar-scholarly traditional grammar A Grammar of Contemporary English: It takes in“the immediate constituent analysis”and"“the diagnostic frame/test frame"by structralists; It also takes in the methods or terms of "kernal sentence and "transformation rule"by TG grammarians; It also absorbs some elements from functionalism- stressing the contextual meaning and the function of communication of language and drawing in the idea of "text".(the 10th chapter about analysis of text/discourse)

Quirk Grammar —scholarly traditional grammar • A Grammar of Contemporary English: It takes in “the immediate constituent analysis” and “the diagnostic frame/ test frame” by structralists; It also takes in the methods or terms of “kernal sentence” and “transformation rule” by TG grammarians; It also absorbs some elements from functionalism— stressing the contextual meaning and the function of communication of language and drawing in the idea of “text”. (the 10th chapter about analysis of text/discourse)

Quirk Grammar-scholarly traditional grammar A Grammar of Contemporary English: As for the tenses:two tenses:past and present; no future tense but expressions of future time. As for the aspects:two aspects:progressive and perfective. As for the adverbial,the authors divide it into adjunct,disjunct,and conjunct

Quirk Grammar —scholarly traditional grammar • A Grammar of Contemporary English: As for the tenses: two tenses: past and present; no future tense but expressions of future time. As for the aspects: two aspects: progressive and perfective. As for the adverbial, the authors divide it into adjunct, disjunct, and conjunct