《爆破工程 Blasting Engineering》课程教学课件（讲稿）Chapter 3 Initiation materials and initiation methods

Chapter3InitiationmaterialsandinitiationmethodsMain content3.1Basicconception3.4MethodofNoneldetonatorinitiation3.2Method of ordinary detonator3.5Methodofelectricinitiationdetonatorinitiation3.3 Method of detonating cord initiation2016/11/9第三章起爆器材与起爆方法

2016/11/9 第三章 起爆器材与起爆方法 2 Main content Chapter 3 Initiation materials and initiation methods 3.1 Basic conception 3.2 Method of ordinary detonator initiation 3.3 Method of detonating cord initiation 3.4 Method of Nonel detonator initiation 3.5 Method of electric detonator initiation

3.1BasicconceptioninitiationpowerAithoughthe explosive belongstotheunstable chemicalsystem, it can detonate only under an certain outside energy,which is called initiation power.Initiation materialsused to initiate the explosive。Type of initiation materials:The initiation materials in blasting engineering including:detonator, safety fuse, detonating cord, Nonel, connector ofNonel, detonating relay and initiation charge, etc.Initiation material （detonators)(detonatingrelayPropagation material of detonationdetonating cord)（safetyfuse、Nonel）2016/11/9第三章起爆器材与起爆方法

2016/11/9 第三章 起爆器材与起爆方法 3 3.1 Basic conception  Initiation material（detonators）  Propagation material of detonation  （safety fuse、Nonel ） The initiation materials in blasting engineering including: detonator, safety fuse, detonating cord, Nonel, connector of Nonel, detonating relay and initiation charge, etc. Type of initiation materials： （detonating relay、 detonating cord） initiation power Although the explosive belongs to the unstable chemical system, it can detonate only under an certain outside energy, which is called initiation power. Initiation materials －－used to initiate the explosive

Industrial detonatorblastingf blasting cap enclosed the primary explosive shelled initiates theexplosive.by its explosion.detonated byignition devicehereare10 grades ofblasting capbased on charge amount,thehigherthe number,the strongerCommon:No.8blasting capand No.6blasting capIngredientPrimaryexplosiveSecondaryexplosiveNo.ofChargeamount/gblastingcapHexogenMercuryTetryl-(orHexogen-Lead azideDDNPTetrylfulminateTNTTNTpassivationhexogen)0.1±0.02No.60.4±0.020.42±0.020.3±0.020.42±0.020.5±0.020.21±0.020.3~0.360.7~0.720.1±0.020.7~0.720.7~0.720.7~0.72No.80.4±0.02±0.020.21±0.02±0.02±0.02±0.02±0.022016/11/9第章起爆器材与起爆力法

2016/11/9 第三章 起爆器材与起爆方法 4 Industrial detonator blasting cap The blasting cap enclosed the primary explosive shelled initiates the explosive by its explosion detonated by ignition device. There are 10 grades of blasting cap based on charge amount, the higher the number, the stronger . Common：No. 8 blasting cap and No.6 blasting cap No. of blasting cap Ingredient Primary explosive Secondary explosive Charge amount/g DDNP Mercury fulminate Lead azide Hexogen (or passivation hexogen) Tetryl Hexogen￾TNT Tetryl￾TNT No. 6 0.3±0.02 0.4±0.02 0.1±0.02 0.21±0.02 0.42±0.02 0.42±0.02 0.5±0.02 — No. 8 0.3~0.36 ±0.02 0.4±0.02 0.1±0.02 0.21±0.02 0.7~0.72 ±0.02 0.7~0.72 ±0.02 0.7~0.72 ±0.02 0.7~0.72 ±0.02

Common blasting capThe common blasting cap in engineering blasting: plain detonator, electric detonatandnon-electricdetonator.Electricdetonator,Electromagneticdetonator,Electronic detonatorInstantaneouselectricdetonator,Second orhalf-second delaydetonator,Millisecond delay detonator(1)aspectoftechnologyconditionTwoaspectrequirements(2)aspectofmanufactureandeconomycondition2016/11/9第三章起爆器材与起爆方法

2016/11/9 第三章 起爆器材与起爆方法 5 Common blasting cap The common blasting cap in engineering blasting: plain detonator, electric detonator and non-electric detonator. Electric detonator, Electromagnetic detonator, Electronic detonator Instantaneous electric detonator, Second or half-second delay detonator, Millisecond delay detonator Two aspect requirements （1）aspect of technology condition （2）aspect of manufacture and economy condition

Classification of initiation methodMethodofexplosiveinitiationMethod of detonatingcord initiationMethod of detonatorinitiationMethod ofplainMethod of NoneldetonatordetonatorMethod ofinitiationinitiationnon-electriMethodofelectricinitiationpowerinitiationMethod of electricMethodofelectronicdetonator initiationdetonatorinitiationMethodofwirelessinitiation第三章起爆器材与起爆方法2016/11/9

2016/11/9 第三章 起爆器材与起爆方法 6 Classification of initiation method Method of plain detonator initiation Method of Nonel detonator initiation Method of electric detonator initiation Method of electronic detonator initiation Method of electric power initiation Method of wireless initiation Method of detonator initiation Method of detonating cord initiation Method of explosive initiation Method of non-electric initiation

3.2Method ofplain detonator(Ordinarydetonators)initiationThe method of plain detonator initiation is the plain detonator detonationbymeansofasafetyfuse.Three parts of method of plain detonator initiation is safety fuse,plaindetonatorandignitionmaterial52364Plaindetonator1-capshell;2-flashhole;3-sealingcap;4-primercharge;5-basecharge;6-energycavity2016/11/9第三章起爆器材与起爆方法

2016/11/9 第三章 起爆器材与起爆方法 7 3.2 Method of plain detonator (Ordinary detonators) initiation The method of plain detonator initiation is the plain detonator detonation by means of a safety fuse. Three parts of method of plain detonator initiation is safety fuse, plain detonator and ignition material . Plain detonator 1- cap shell; 2-flash hole; 3-sealing cap; 4- primer charge; 5-base charge; 6- energy cavity

Plain detonatorShellStrengthenFlashholecapEnergyPrimarySecondaryexplosivecaveexplosive2016/11/9第三章起爆器材与起爆方法

2016/11/9 第三章 起爆器材与起爆方法 8 Shell Energy cave Plain detonator Secondary explosive Primary explosive Strengthen Flash hole cap

SafetyfuseThe safetyfuse is visually white, and its outer diameteris the range of5.2to5.8mm,thecoreloadis7~8g/m.theburningratesforfusesareinthe range of 100 to 125s/m.Forassuringinitiatetheplain detonator,theflaming of fuse is noless than 4Omm.The fuse should be no cutoff, firereveal, combustion of outershell,quick burningand deflagrationduring the combustion process. The burningrates and the performanceoffurs aretwoimportantmarks ofqualityThesafetyfuse shouldbeacertainmoistureproof and waterproof ability,theburning raters andperformance keep invariant after 4 hours in 1meter ndal temlperature4water.283-45-678Safetyfusestructure1-corewire;2-powdercore;3-innerwirelayer;4-mid-layer;5-waterprooflayer;6-scrip layer;7-outerwirelayer;8-dopelayerO2016/11/9第三章起爆器材与起爆方法

2016/11/9 第三章 起爆器材与起爆方法 9 Safety fuse Safety fuse structure 1-corewire; 2-powder core; 3-innerwire layer; 4-mid-layer; 5-waterproof layer; 6-scrip layer; 7- outerwire layer; 8-dope layer The safety fuse is visually white, and its outer diameter is the range of 5.2 to 5.8mm, the core load is 7~8g/m. the burning rates for fuses are in the range of 100 to 125s/m. For assuring initiate the plain detonator, the flaming of fuse is no less than 40mm. The fuse should be no cutoff, fire reveal, combustion of outer shell, quick burning and deflagration during the combustion process. The burning rates and the performance of furs are two important marks of quality. The safety fuse should be a certain moistureproof and waterproof ability, the burning raters and performance keep invariant after 4 hours in 1meter normal temperature water

Ignition materialsCDABIgnitionImaterialsignition cylinderigniter cordignition wirefirerod102016/11/9第三章起爆器材与起爆方法

2016/11/9 第三章 起爆器材与起爆方法 10 Ignition materials （ Ignition A B C D materials ）

Constructiontechnology of plaindetonatorinitiationMaking of plain detonatorMakingofigniting primer cartridge-C Construction technology during ignition process1.when soloigniting,the number(groups)of fuseignited by oneperson: no more than 5 under ground blasting, and no more than10 inopenblasting2.thelengthof safetyfuseshouldassurethepersonnelremoveto safety place after igniting all of fuse,but the shortest shouldshouldn't shorterthan1.2m.3.the checker justenter into the blast site aftermorethan5minfrom the last charge detonation.4.if it can't affirm existing misfire, the checker could enterthe2016hlast site after 15min .11第三章起爆器材与起爆方法

2016/11/9 第三章 起爆器材与起爆方法 11 Construction technology of plain detonator initiation  A Making of plain detonator  B Making of igniting primer cartridge  C Construction technology during ignition process 1. when solo igniting, the number (groups) of fuse ignited by one person: no more than 5 under ground blasting, and no more than 10 in open blasting. 2. the length of safety fuse should assure the personnel remove to safety place after igniting all of fuse, but the shortest should shouldn’t shorter than 1.2m. 3. the checker just enter into the blast site after more than 5 min from the last charge detonation. 4. if it can’t affirm existing misfire, the checker could enter the blast site after 15min