海南大学：《西方经济学》课程试卷解答（微观经济学）2008-2009微观经济学期终考试（A）试卷

海南大学2008-09学年度第1学期试卷 科目：《微观经济学》试题(A卷) 姓名： 学号： 学院： 专业班级： 成绩登记表（由阅卷教师用红色笔填写） 大题 四 六 八 九 总分 得分 阅卷教师： 20年月日 考试说明：本课程为闭卷考试，可携带计算器一。 得分阅卷教师 Please explain the following terms: (每题5分，共50分) Zero economic profi 2 Welfare economics 3 User cost of capital 4'Two-part tariff 5Theory of the firm

海南大学 2008-09 学年度第 1 学期试卷 科目：《微观经济学》试题(A 卷) 姓名： 学 号： 学院： 专业班级： 成绩登记表（由阅卷教师用红色笔填写） 大题 号 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 九 十 总分 得分 阅卷教师： 20 年 月 日 考试说明：本课程为闭卷考试，可携带 计算器 。 一、 Please explain the following terms： （每题 5 分，共 50 分） 1 Zero economic profit 2 Welfare economics 3 User cost of capital 4 Two-part tariff 5 Theory of the firm 得分 阅卷教师

6 Theory of consumer behavior 7Tit-for-tat strategy 8 Transferable emissions permits 9Rent seeking 10 Reservation price 得分阅卷教师 二、简答题：（共10分） 1.Medical research has shown the negative health effects of"secondhand"smoke Recent social trends point to growing intolerance of smoking in public areas.If you are a smoker and you wish to continue smoking despite tougher anti smoking laws,describe the effect of the following legislative proposals on your behavior. As a result of these programs,do you,the individual smoker,benefit?Does society benefit as a whole? a. A bill is proposed that would lower tar and nicotine levels in all cigarettes b. A tax is levied on each pack ofcigarettes sold. Smokers would be required to carry government issued smoking permits at all times

6 Theory of consumer behavior 7 Tit-for-tat strategy 8 Transferable emissions permits 9 Rent seeking 10 Reservation price 二、简答题：（共 10 分） 1. Medical research has shown the negative health effects of “secondhand” smoke. Recent social trends point to growing intolerance of smoking in public areas. If you are a smoker and you wish to continue smoking despite tougher anti smoking laws, describe the effect of the following legislative proposals on your behavior. As a result of these programs, do you, the individual smoker, benefit? Does society benefit as a whole? a. A bill is proposed that would lower tar and nicotine levels in all cigarettes. b. A tax is levied on each pack of cigarettes sold. c. Smokers would be required to carry government issued smoking permits at all times. 得分 阅卷教师

得分阅卷教师 三、Calculation:(每题20分，共40分) Consi er two firms facing the demand curve P=50-5Q.where Q=Q+Q: The firms'cost functions are C(Q)=20+10Q1 and Ca(Q)=10+12Q2. Suppose both firms have entered the industry.What is the joint profit-maximizing level of output?How much will each firm produce? would your answer change if the firms have not yet entered the industry? What is each firm's equilibrium output and profit if they behave noncooperatively?Use the Cournot model Draw the firms'reaction curves and show the equilibrium. How much should Firm 1 be willing to pay to purchase Firm 2 if collusion is illegal but the takeover is not? 2.In a market for dry cleaning,the inverse market demand function is given by P=100-Q and the (pr ivate)m rginal cos of p roductionfo by the dr cleaning process creates external damages given by the marginal external cost curve MEC=O. a.Calculate the output and price of dry cleaning if it is produced under competitive conditions abs nt regulation. b. Determ ne t. e socially efficient price and output of dry cleaning. Determine the tax that would result in a competitive market producing the socially efficient output. Calculate the output and price of dry cleaning if it is produced under monopolistic conditions without regulation. Determine the tax that would result in a monopolistic market producing Assuming that no attempt is made to monitor or regulate the pollution, which market structure yields higher social welfare?Discuss

三、Calculation：（每题 20 分，共 40 分） 1. Consider two firms facing the demand curve P = 50 - 5Q, where Q = Q1 + Q2 . The firms’ cost functions are C1 (Q1 ) = 20 + 10Q1 and C2 (Q2 ) = 10 + 12Q2 . a. Suppose both firms have entered the industry. What is the joint profit-maximizing level of output? How much will each firm produce? How would your answer change if the firms have not yet entered the industry? b. What is each firm’s equilibrium output and profit if they behave noncooperatively? Use the Cournot model. Draw the firms’ reaction curves and show the equilibrium. c. How much should Firm 1 be willing to pay to purchase Firm 2 if collusion is illegal but the takeover is not? 2. In a market for dry cleaning, the inverse market demand function is given by  P = 100− Q and the (private) marginal cost of production for the aggregation of all dry cleaning firms is given by  MC =10 + Q . Finally, the pollution generated by the dry cleaning process creates external damages given by the marginal external cost curve  MEC = Q. a. Calculate the output and price of dry cleaning if it is produced under competitive conditions absent regulation. b. Determine the socially efficient price and output of dry cleaning. c. Determine the tax that would result in a competitive market producing the socially efficient output. d. Calculate the output and price of dry cleaning if it is produced under monopolistic conditions without regulation. e. Determine the tax that would result in a monopolistic market producing the socially efficient output. f. Assuming that no attempt is made to monitor or regulate the pollution, which market structure yields higher social welfare? Discuss. 得分 阅卷教师