北京大学：《细胞科学 Cell science》课程PPT讲稿（英文版）Cell science

细胞科学 Cell Science 蔡国平

细胞科学 Cell Science 蔡国平

81 The Evolutionary History of Cell Biology in Brief 1. Discovery of cell and the evolution of cell theory (1850s) 2. Establishment of cytology- classic period (1850-1900) 3. Experiment cytological period (1900-1950) Cell biology period (1950)

§1 The Evolutionary History of Cell Biology in Brief 1. Discovery of cell and the evolution of cell theory. (~1850s) 2. Establishment of cytology- classic period (1850-1900) 3. Experiment cytological period (1900-1950) 4. Cell biology period (1950-)

s2 The Position of the Cell in the Order of Life and Responsibilities of Cell Biology 1. The order of life and organisation of life 2. The position of the cell in the order of life 3. Responsibilities of cell biology

§2 The Position of the Cell in the Order of Life and Responsibilities of Cell Biology 1. The order of life and organisation of life 2. The position of the cell in the order of life 3. Responsibilities of cell biology

83. The general structure and multiplicity of the cell 1. Biogap 2. viruses, viroid and prion 3. Two fundamentally different classes of cells 4. The three kingdoms of organisms

§3. The general structure and multiplicity of the cell 1.Biogap 2. viruses, viroid and prion 3. Two fundamentally different classes of cells 4.The three kingdoms of organisms

§4. How to study cells 1. Structural levels and resolution power of observation instruments 2. Light microscopy 3. Electron microscopy 4. Cell sorting, cell culture and cell clone 5. The fractionation of a cell's contents by differential centrifugation 6. Biochemical and Molecular biological technique 7. Analysis of cells by non-impairment detect techniques

§4. How to study cells 1. Structural levels and resolution power of observation instruments 2. Light microscopy 3. Electron microscopy 4. Cell sorting, cell culture and cell clone 5. The fractionation of a cell’s contents by differential centrifugation 6. Biochemical and Molecular biological technique 7. Analysis of cells by non-impairment detect techniques

85. The general structure and function of the plasma membrane 1. Introduction 2. A summary of membrane function 3. The structure of the plasma membrane 4. The dynamic nature of the plasma membrane

§5. The general structure and function of the plasma membrane 1. Introduction 2. A summary of membrane function 3. The structure of the plasma membrane 4. The dynamic nature of the plasma membrane

86.The movement of substances across cell membrane 1. The energetics of solute movement and diffusion of substances through membrane 2. Four basic mechanism by which solute molecules move across membrane 1)Passive transport 1)simple diffusion (2)The diffusion of ions through membrane by hydrophilic channels ()Facilitated diffusion 2)Active transport 3 Roles of movement of small molecules across membrane 4. Cellular homeostasis

§6.The movement of substances across cell membrane 1. The energetics of solute movement and diffusion of substances through membrane 2. Four basic mechanism by which solute molecules move across membrane 1) Passive transport (1) simple diffusion (2) The diffusion of ions through membrane by hydrophilic channels (3) Facilitated diffusion 2) Active transport 3. Roles of movement of small molecules across membrane 4. Cellular homeostasis

87. Cytosol and the synthesis of proteins 1. Cytosol 2. Microtrabecular system 3. Ribosomes and proteins synthesis 4. Sorting and transport of proteins synthesized on the free-ribosomes in the cytosol 1)The transport of proteins into the nucleus 2) Importing mitochondria proteins 3)Import and sorting of Chloroplast(Chl) proteins 4) Synthesis and targeting of peroxisomal proteins 5) Lipid-anchored membrane proteins onto the ooplasmic leaflet

§7. Cytosol and the synthesis of proteins 1. Cytosol 2. Microtrabecular system 3. Ribosomes and proteins synthesis 4. Sorting and transport of proteins synthesized on the free-ribosomes in the cytosol 1) The transport of proteins into the nucleus 2) Importing mitochondria proteins 3) Import and sorting of Chloroplast (Chl) proteins 4) Synthesis and targeting of peroxisomal proteins 5) Lipid-anchored membrane proteins onto the cytoplasmic leaflet

88 Cytoplasmic membrane systems 1. The dynamic nature of the endomembrane system 2. A few approaches to study of endomembranes 3 Structues and funcions of the major organelles of EMs )The endoplasmic reticulum (Er) 2)Golgi complex( apparatus) 3)Lysosomes 4) Plant cell vacuoles 4. Synthesis, sorting and translocation of proteins synthesized in biosynthesis pathway and secretory pathway 1)Two types of proteins: synthesized on er membane bound ribosomes versus that on free cytosolic ribosomes 2) Protens can move or transport between compartments in different ways 3)Soluble proteins destined for secretion or residence within the lysosomal and other vacuolate lumens -the sighal hypothesis 4) Proteins destined for incorporation into the the plasma membrane or membranes of the er and other organelles of eMs

§8. Cytoplasmic membrane systems 1. The dynamic nature of the endomembrane system 2. A few approaches to study of endomembranes 3 Structues and funcions of the major organelles of EMS 1) The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) 2) Golgi complex (apparatus) 3) Lysosomes 4) Plant cell vacuoles 4. Synthesis, sorting and translocation of proteins synthesized in biosynthesis pathway and secretory pathway 1) Two types of proteins: synthesized on ER membane bound￾ribosomes versus that on free cytosolic ribosomes: 2) Protens can move or transport between compartments in different ways 3) Soluble proteins destined for secretion or residence within the lysosomal and other vacuolate lumens -the sighal hypothesis 4) Proteins destined for incorporation into the the plasma membrane or membranes of the ER and other organelles of EMS

Processing of proteins and membrane lipids biosynthesis in the Er and the GC -Establishment and maintenace of membrane asymmetry 6. The mechanism of vesicular transport in the secrerory and endocytic pathways 7. Exocytosis and endocytosis 8. a dynamic, integrated network of the endomembrane system

5. Processing of proteins and membrane lipids biosynthesis in the ER and the GC - Establishment and maintenace of membrane asymmetry 6. The mechanism of vesicular transport in the secrerory and endocytic pathways 7. Exocytosis and endocytosis 8. A dynamic, integrated network of the endomembrane system