《大学英语》课程授课教案（讲义，新视野）Unit 3 Book Ⅲ NHCE

Unit 3 Book III NHCE I.Teaching Material Section A Where Principles Come First Section B Cultural Differences in Western and Japanese Decision-Making II.Objectives Objectives Statements of Intended Learning Outcomes KI Get to talk the approaches to education in Chinese schools, K2 Get to know the approach to education in Hyde School and business in (ToKnow) Japan and the West: K4 Comprehend involved sentences or sentence patterns. K5 Master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text. DI Improve reading by predicting an author's ideas(ef Section B): D2 Improve writing skills by writing a paragraph of a general statemer orted by specific examples, (ToDo) D3 Develop critical thinking by discussing different approaches to education D4 Learn approaches to communication: D5 Develop team work and co-operation yia group activities d6 Develop autonomous learning ability viaon-line and off-line study BI Develop Ss'interests in English through autonomous learning an co-operation via on-line and off-line learning. B2 (To Be) Be more concerned with the education reform in China; B3 Enhance Ss'social-consciousness and social responsibility; B4 Develop awareness of cross-cultural communication: B5 Learn to respect another culture III.Key points 1.Key words publicity cultivate comprehensive controversial suspend strain minorit conventional reform admissio worthwhile optimistic insult curse superior negotiate harmony consult dismiss 2.Phrases see sb.sth.as be willing to do be scheduled to do over protest put forth take responsibility for complete with do one's utmost focuson kind o come to grips with distinguish from lag behind 3.Hard points 1)Interpretation of involved sentences; 2)Development of Ss'communicative skills. 3)Organization of and Ssinvolvement in learning activities

1 Unit 3 Book Ⅲ NHCE I. Teaching Material Section A Where Principles Come First Section B Cultural Differences in Western and Japanese Decision-Making II. Objectives Objectives Statements of Intended Learning Outcomes （To Know） K1 Get to talk the approaches to education in Chinese schools; K2 Get to know the approach to education in Hyde School and business in Japan and the West; K3 Grasp the main idea and the organization of the text; K4 Comprehend involved sentences or sentence patterns; K5 Master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text. （To Do） D1 Improve reading by predicting an author’s ideas (cf.Section B); D2 Improve writing skills by writing a paragraph of a general statement supported by specific examples; D3 Develop critical thinking by discussing different approaches to education; D4 Learn approaches to communication; D5 Develop team work and co-operation via group activities; D6 Develop autonomous learning ability via on-line and off-line study. （To Be） B1 Develop Ss’ interests in English through autonomous learning and co-operation via on-line and off-line learning; B2 Be more concerned with the education reform in China; B3 Enhance Ss’social-consciousness and social responsibility; B4 Develop awareness of cross-cultural communication; B5 Learn to respect another culture. III. Key points 1. Key words publicity cultivate comprehensive controversial suspend strain minority energetic conventional reform admission outlook worthwhile optimistic insult curse superior negotiate harmony consult dismiss 2. Phrases see sb. / sth. as be willing to do be scheduled to do over protest put forth take responsibility for complete with do one’s utmost work out focus on kind of come to grips with distinguish from lag behind 3. Hard points 1) Interpretation of involved sentences; 2) Development of Ss’ communicative skills; 3) Organization of and Ss’ involvement in learning activities

VI.Time allotment 1s period 2-3 periods 4period periods Preparation Detailed study of Section A Consolidation&development Section B&assessment V.Teaching Process Section A Where Principles Come First Step I Warming Up This step aims at leading students to the topic of this unit and the discussion of some approaches toeducation. 1)What is this unit about? (Preview) 2)Discuss questions (in groupor in pair A. What approaches to education do most Chinese schools take while facing National Entrance Examination?And what are the side effects? Tips:exam-oriented,give priority to the scores of the students,teacher-centered,not good to develop students'creativity and their overall capability,lack of practical competence etc. B.How do you understand quality-oriented education?Or what qualities do you think should be emphasized during the period of Chinese compulsory education? 3)Pre-reading activities Listen to a short passage carefully and then answer the following questions (see the textbook on p.27) 4) W.Gauld founded the first Hyde School in Bath,Maine in response toa system of education which he believed was failing its children because of conflicting priorities.His search for a new approach in education led to a program that valued attitude over aptitude,effort over ability,and character over talent.This emphasis creates a learning rience success with integrity,the kind of that lastsa lifetime. Gauld established the upo Five Words,rather than five subjects:Courage,Integrity,Leadership,Curiosity,and Concern;and he incorporated them into every facet of the program The school cherishes the idea that educational reform must begin with the family.Actually,the Family Education Program is what makes the Hyde education unique.The school believes that parents are the primary teachers and the home is the primary oom.This work with families for more than 35 years hased the a number of discoveries.One of Hyde's basic purposes is to develop character.This focus on character unleashes the deepest motivation in students'self-discovery.The school helps students answer three questions: Who am I? Where am I going? What do Ineed to do to get there? 2

2 VI. Time allotment 1 s1 period 2-3 periods 4 th period 5 th &6th periods Preparation Detailed study of Section A Consolidation & development Section B & assessment V. Teaching Process Section A Where Principles Come First Step 1 Warming Up This step aims at leading students to the topic of this unit and the discussion of some approaches to education. 1) What is this unit about? (Preview) 2) Discuss questions ( in group or in pair) A. What approaches to education do most Chinese schools take while facing National Entrance Examination? And what are the side effects? Tips: exam-oriented, give priority to the scores of the students, teacher-centered, not good to develop students’ creativity and their overall capability, lack of practical competence etc. B. How do you understand quality-oriented education? Or what qualities do you think should be emphasized during the period of Chinese compulsory education? 3) Pre-reading activities Listen to a short passage carefully and then answer the following questions (see the textbook on p. 27) 4) An introduction to the Hyde School In 1966, Joseph W. Gauld founded the first Hyde School in Bath, Maine in response to a system of education which he believed was failing its children because of conflicting priorities. His search for a new approach in education led to a program that valued attitude over aptitude, effort over ability, and character over talent. This emphasis creates a learning environment where students experience success with integrity, the kind of success that lasts a lifetime. Gauld established the Hyde curriculum, based upon Five Words, rather than five subjects: Courage, Integrity, Leadership, Curiosity, and Concern; and he incorporated them into every facet of the program. The school cherishes the idea that educational reform must begin with the family. Actually, the Family Education Program is what makes the Hyde education unique. The school believes that parents are the primary teachers and the home is the primary classroom. This work with families for more than 35 years has led the school to a number of discoveries. One of Hyde's basic purposes is to develop character. This focus on character unleashes the deepest motivation in students' self-discovery. The school helps students answer three questions: Who am I? Where am I going? What do I need to do to get there?

Relationships built upon honesty and concern can also be key to helping students.Hyde has created a new student oe,where students parents,and faculty are required to help others achieve their bes Today,there are four Hyde Schools,including inner-city models in New Haven, Connecticut and Washington DC.national programs for parents and teachers,and a number of established partnerships with public schools throughout the country. For more information about the Hyde School,please visit Step2 Detailed study ofSectionA This step aims at improving Ss'reading ability by practicing Skimming Scanning& Skipping,analyzing text structure and getting to know the major writing device adopted in the passage Main idea of the text: The text is about the Hyde chool's sucesfu sea arch for a new approach in education,which upon teaching students the merit of such values as ruth integrity.eadership.curiosity and concern Organization of the text:Question and answer technique The passage looks like a report.which tries to explain some ideas.report some events and the passag e.the rallyask themselves ome questic ns a way of predicting what is to follow.If what follows is just the answer to the question in the readers'mind,then comprehension continues.If what follows is not the answer to the question in the readers'mind,the readers would look in some other directions to put in the right question to match what follows.This is a very important technique of reading comprehension or bringing out the relationship betweer Part I(Paras.1-2) Question:What are the principles? Tips.merits ofvalues academic achievement.preparing sb.for a way oflife Language Points 1 publicity (L 5) The company's continual use of such dangerous chemicals has attracted a lot of negative publicity. 这个公司继续使用这样的危险化学品招来了不少批评。 2)[U](business of)providing information inorder toatract public attention,advertising (商业)广告，宣传，宣扬 The concert wasn't given much advance many tickets remained unso 音乐会事先没有做很多宣传，所以许多票没有卖出去。 publish v.出版，公布： public./a.公众（的） publication[C出版物：U发行，公布，发表 2 see as (1.6) Please put this entence into English 你认为新领导是公司的希望吗？ Do you see the new leader as the hope of the company? Will you please make alist of some phrases that have the similar meaning to it?

3 Relationships built upon honesty and concern can also be key to helping students. Hyde has created a new student role, where students, parents, and faculty are required to help others achieve their best. Today, there are four Hyde Schools, including inner-city models in New Haven, Connecticut and Washington DC, national programs for parents and teachers, and a number of established partnerships with public schools throughout the country. For more information about the Hyde School, please visit http://www.hyde.edu. Step 2 Detailed study of Section A This step aims at improving Ss’ reading ability by practicing Skimming, Scanning & Skipping， analyzing text structure and getting to know the major writing device adopted in the passage. Main idea of the text: The text is about the Hyde School’s successful search for a new approach in education, which is centered upon teaching students the merit of such values as truth, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern. Organization of the text: Question and answer technique The passage looks like a report, which tries to explain some ideas, report some events and prove some conclusions. The relationship between the parts is best brought out by questions and answers. While reading the passage, the readers would naturally ask themselves some questions as a way of predicting what is to follow. If what follows is just the answer to the question in the readers’ mind, then comprehension continues. If what follows is not the answer to the question in the readers’ mind, the readers would look in some other directions to put in the right question to match what follows. This is a very important technique of reading comprehension or bringing out the relationship between the paragraphs. Part I (Paras. 1-2) Question: What are the principles? Tips: merits of values ,academic achievement, preparing sb. for a way of life Language Points 1. publicity (L. 5) n. 1) [U] public notice or attention 公众的注意；名声 The company’s continual use of such dangerous chemicals has attracted a lot of negative publicity. 这个公司继续使用这样的危险化学品招来了不少批评。 2) [U] (business of) providing information in order to attract public attention; advertising （商业）广告，宣传，宣扬 The concert wasn’t given much advance publicity, so many tickets remained unsold. 音乐会事先没有做很多宣传，所以许多票没有卖出去。 publish v. 出版，公布； public n./ a. 公众（的） publication n. [C]出版物；[U]发行，公布，发表 2. see.as (L. 6) Please put this sentence into English: 你认为新领导是公司的希望吗？ Do you see the new leader as the hope of the company? Will you please make a list of some phrases that have the similar meaning to it?

Regardas,think of as,consider.as B.cultivate(L8):vt Meanings:1)develop and improve培养，陶治，发展 2)prepare and use(land,soil,etc.)for growing crops耕种，耕作 Please put the following sentences into English: 1)在这所学校里，我们旨在陶治学生的心灵。 At this school we aim to the minds of all the children we teach 2他用 一台大型拖拉机耕地 He cultivated the field with a large tractor. 4.comprehensive (L8) Please compare the two words: Comprehensive:a including everything or nearly everything that is connected with particular subject Comprehensible:a easy to understand 综合测试 a comprehensive test 全面了解 a comprehensive understanding (grasp) 只有专家才看得懂的书 a book that is comprehensible only to specialists PartII(Paras.3-11) Question What are people's attitudes towards the principles? willing. protesting eveing.feaning Language Points 1.controversial (L10) 有争议的新法律 a controversial subject 有争议的话题 2.be willing to do sth.(L.11) Please use this phrase make up some sentences.(open) 2.suspend (L13)vt. stop o eto be not active eg. Both governmentsare refusing to supend hostilities 两国政府都拒绝停止敌对行动。 2)hang sth.up eg.It was very uncomfortable lying on the hospital bed with my legs suspended in the air. 躺在病床上，双腿吊挂的滋味可真不好受。 3)send sb.Away from his/he school,job position,ect for a period of time,usu.as a punishment for doing sth.bad She was suspended from her job shortly after the incident. 事故发生后不久，她就被开除了。 3.strain (L.13)n What are the other English words for“压力”？ stress,pressure,tension Can the word be used as a verb?Please give some sentences to show the meanings.(open) 4.be scheduled to do(L15) Please use this phrase make up some sentences.(open)

4 Regard.as, think of . as, consider.as 3.cultivate (L. 8): vt. Meanings: 1) develop and improve 培养，陶冶，发展 2) prepare and use (land, soil, etc.) for growing crops 耕种，耕作 Please put the following sentences into English: 1) 在这所学校里，我们旨在陶冶学生的心灵。 At this school we aim to cultivate the minds of all the children we teach. 2) 他用一台大型拖拉机耕地。 He cultivated the field with a large tractor. 4. comprehensive (L.8) Please compare the two words: Comprehensive : a. including everything or nearly everything that is connected with particular subject Comprehensible: a. easy to understand 综合测试 a comprehensive test 全面了解 a comprehensive understanding (grasp) 只有专家才看得懂的书 a book that is comprehensible only to specialists Part II (Paras. 3-11) Question: What are people’s attitudes towards the principles? Tips: willing , protesting , eyeing , fearing Language Points 1. controversial (L.10) Meaning: causing public discussion and disagreement a controversial new law 有争议的新法律 a controversial subject 有争议的话题 2．be willing to do sth.(L. 11) Please use this phrase make up some sentences. (open) 2. suspend (L.13) vt. 1) stop or cause to be not active eg. Both governments are refusing to suspend hostilities. 两国政府都拒绝停止敌对行动。 2) hang sth. up eg. It was very uncomfortable lying on the hospital bed with my legs suspended in the air. 躺在病床上，双腿吊挂的滋味可真不好受。 3) send sb. Away from his/her school, job, position, ect. for a period of time,usu. as a punishment for doing sth. bad She was suspended from her job shortly after the incident. 事故发生后不久， 她就被开除了。 3. strain (L. 13) n. What are the other English words for “压力” ? stress , pressure , tension Can the word be used as a verb? Please give some sentences to show the meanings. (open) 4. be scheduled to do (L.15) Please use this phrase make up some sentences. (open)

5.preliminary(L.15) Meaning:coming beforeor preparing for sth.that is more important Put them intoChinese:apreliminary meeting预备会 a few preliminary remarks:几句开场白 6.Other US school managers are eveing the program.too.(L.17) Please paraphrase this sentence. hninthe pomto Please put this ser ence into Englis 一座核电不顾农民的抗议在这个地区建了起来。 A nuclear plant was built in the area over the farmers'protests 8.Minority (L22) Follow the sentence pattern and make up sentences with 'as'. Part III(Paras.12-16) Question:What are the detailed principles? Tips: 1)potential bas ed o n character conscience hand work success measured by gowh.尼sponsibility 2)providing preparation for college.taking performing arts and sports 3)reguiring the parents'commitment participation Language Points on tional education system cannot be reformed (L34) Will you please make a list of some other words that are closest in meaning to the word conventional"? customary,established,traditional,usual conventional weapons 常规武器 conventionalopinions 旧观念 conventionadlduties 协定关税 reform:n.&v.change sth.in order to make it better reform the examination system改革考试制度 economical reform 经济改革 educational reform 数育改革 2.He noted "no amount of change with the horse and carriage "will produce an automobile”.(L.35) Paraphrase:He points out no matter what changes you've made with the horse and carriage, no automobile will come out of it. 3.complete with(L.43) Meaning:fully supplied with Translate the sentence into Chinese Our firemen came,of course,complete with rescue equipment,first aid kit,ect. 当然，消防队来了，带有救援器械和医疗急救箱等。 4.do one's utmost (L.52)

5 5.preliminary(L.15) Meaning: coming before or preparing for sth. else that is more important Put them into Chinese: a preliminary meeting 预备会议 a few preliminary remarks：几句开场白 6． Other US school managers are eyeing the program, too.(L.17) Please paraphrase this sentence. Other US school managers are greatly interested in the program, too. 7． over one’s protest (L.21) Please put this sentence into English: 一座核电厂不顾农民的抗议在这个地区建了起来。 A nuclear plant was built in the area over the farmers’protests. 8．Minority (L.22) The opposite word of it: majority 9. As in Maine the quest for truth is also widespread at the school in Connecticut.(L.24) Follow the sentence pattern and make up sentences with ‘as’. Part III (Paras. 12-16) Question: What are the detailed principles? Tips: 1) potential based on character, conscience & hard work, success measured by growth, responsibility 2) providing preparation for college, taking performing arts and sports 3) requiring the parents’ commitment & participation Language Points 1. .the conventional education system cannot be reformed (L.34) Will you please make a list of some other words that are closest in meaning to the word ‘conventional”? customary, established, traditional, usual conventional weapons 常规武器 conventional opinions 旧观念 conventional duties 协定关税 reform: n.& v. change sth. in order to make it better reform the examination system 改革考试制度 economical reform 经济改革 educational reform 教育改革 2. He noted “no amount of change” with the horse and carriage “will produce an automobile”.(L.35) Paraphrase: He points out no matter what changes you’ve made with the horse and carriage, no automobile will come out of it. 3. complete with (L.43) Meaning: including; fully supplied with Translate the sentence into Chinese: Our firemen came, of course, complete with rescue equipment, first aid kit,ect. 当然，消防队来了，带有救援器械和医疗急救箱等。 4. do one’s utmost (L.52)

Synonyms:do one's best do one's bit.do one's duty.do one's possible n a success 每 5.worthwhile(L.56) Meaning:worth doing Pay attention how to use the three words:worth.worthy.worthwhile Part IV (Paras.17-20) Question: What are the beneficial results? Tips mole model for children.fruitful relationship.an example of astudent.going to college Language Points 1.insult (L.73)v.n. Translate the following sentences h they made me sit at a the back 当他们让我坐在后面的一张小桌旁时，我觉得受到了莫大的侮辱。 2)Don't take it as an insull ifI go to sleep during your speech;I'm too tired. 如果我在你演讲时睡着了，别把那当作侮辱，我太累了。 2 curse (L 73)y.7n be under a curse 受到诅界 Make up some sentences.(open) 2.We kind of like that spirit.(L74) kind of:(infml.)rather;alittle bit I'mkind ofw orried about the interview 我对面试有点担心 Translate我读书读得有点累了。 I'm kind of tired from reading. Step 3 Consolidation 1.Doing the matching game! develop approach stress iail stop,hang up intense hard conventional outse traditional cultivate only unique strain beginning prison suspend 对教师的评估 academic achievement 学习成绩 ntense work 称 成功 看 faculty evaluations 对要求表示抗议 be scheduled to do 高强度工作 boarding schools 计划 put one's best effort forth

6 Synonyms: do one’s best , do one’s bit, do one’s duty, do one’s possible Each area did its utmost to make its part of the celebration a success. 每一个地区都竭尽全力使该庆祝活动在当地办得成功. 5. worthwhile (L.56) Meaning: worth doing Pay attention how to use the three words: worth, worthy, worthwhile Part Ⅳ (Paras. 17-20) Question: What are the beneficial results ? Tips: role model for children, fruitful relationship, an example of a student, going to college Language Points 1. insult (L.73) v. & n. Translate the following sentences. 1) I felt most insulted when they made me sit at a little table at the back. 当他们让我坐在后面的一张小桌旁时，我觉得受到了莫大的侮辱。 2) Don’t take it as an insult if I go to sleep during your speech; I’m too tired. 如果我在你演讲时睡着了，别把那当作侮辱，我太累了。 2. curse (L. 73) v. 7 n. to curse at fate 诅咒命运 be under a curse 受到诅咒 Make up some sentences. (open) 2. We kind of like that spirit.(L.74) kind of : (infml.) rather; a little bit eg. I’m kind of worried about the interview. 我对面试有点担心。 Translate 我读书读得有点累了。 I’m kind of tired from reading. Step 3 Consolidation 1. Doing the matching game! develop stress stop; hang up hard way traditional only beginning prison 对教师的评估 academic achievement 学习成绩 intense work 声称······很成功 be scheduled to do 把······看作 faculty evaluations 对要求表示抗议 be scheduled to do 高强度工作 boarding schools 计划 put one’s best effort forth approach jail intense conventional outset cultivate unique strain suspend

问题学生 take responsibility for 求直 otential 全力以赴 caim with 教育方法 the quest for truth 独特的潜能 troubled students 对.负责 an approach to education 寄宿学校 2.then givea presentation in clas Are you in favor of the approach that the Hyde school has taken to education?Why? 3.Translation ①在素质教育中对学生综合能力的培养十分重要。(cultivate,comprehensive)(不定式作 主语) To cultivate students' comprehensive abilities is quite important in quality-oriented educatior ②天花板上吊若的那盏灯是不是水晶做的成了争论的焦点。(suspend,controversy) Whether the lamp suspended from the ceiling is made of crystal has become the point in controversy ③没有什么可以阻止他们对真理的探索。(m one's quest for.) Nothing will stop them in their 过fn ④在去年的预赛中就失败了的那位选手这次竭尽了全力，终于获得了一等奖。 (preliminarv,.do one's utmost)(定语从句) The contestant who failed in the preliminary competition last year Has done her utmost this ime and won the first prize at last ⑤高强度工作所带来的压力迫使他放弃了这个职位。(srai)(过去分词短语作定语) The strain ass ted with intense work forced him to give up the position ⑥一旦问题得到解决，这项工程就将会在一个月之内完成。(work out，此complete)(状语从 句) Once the problems are worked out.the proiect will have been completed within one month ⑦他们建议家长和自己的孩子一起参加学校的活动。（虚拟语气） They that parents (should)participate in shoo activities together with their children. ⑧他对于在2008年的奥运会上获得金牌持十分乐观的态度。(optimistic) He is optimistic about his chances of winning a gold medal in the 2008 Olympic Games ⑨我们两种文化的差异也可以从我们各自所怀的忧虑中显示出来。 The contrast bety of the fear we hoth harho ©如果我们是在帮助学生培养一种生活方式，我们的教学方法就应该是多种多样的。 (provided引导条件状语从句) Provided we are preparing our students for a way of life.our teaching methods should be varied 5.Read the following passage,then do the multiple choice questions In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States,many Americans are turning to Japan,a country of high academic achievement and economic success,for possible answers.However,the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans 7

7 问题学生 take responsibility for 求真 unique potential 全力以赴 claim success with 教育方法 the quest for truth 独特的潜能 troubled students 对······负责 an approach to education 寄宿学校 see . as 2. Group discussion and then give a presentation in class. Are you in favor of the approach that the Hyde school has taken to education? Why? 3. Translation ① 在素质教育中对学生综合能力的培养十分重要。(cultivate, comprehensive)（不定式作 主语） To cultivate students’ comprehensive abilities is quite important in quality-oriented education. ② 天花板上吊着的那盏灯是不是水晶做的成了争论的焦点。（suspend, controversy） Whether the lamp suspended from the ceiling is made of crystal has become the point in controversy. ③ 没有什么可以阻止他们对真理的探索。(in one’s quest for.) Nothing will stop them in their quest for truth. ④ 在去年的预赛中就失败了的那位选手这次竭尽了全力，终于获得了一等奖。 (preliminary, do one’s utmost) (定语从句) The contestant who failed in the preliminary competition last year Has done her utmost this time and won the first prize at last. ⑤ 高强度工作所带来的压力迫使他放弃了这个职位。（strain）(过去分词短语作定语) The strain associated with intense work forced him to give up the position. ⑥ 一旦问题得到解决，这项工程就将会在一个月之内完成。(work out, complete) (状语从 句) Once the problems are worked out, the project will have been completed within one month. ⑦ 他们建议家长和自己的孩子一起参加学校的活动。(虚拟语气) They suggest / propose that parents (should) participate in school activities together with their children. ⑧ 他对于在 2008 年的奥运会上获得金牌持十分乐观的态度。(optimistic) He is optimistic about his chances of winning a gold medal in the 2008 Olympic Games. ⑨ 我们两种文化的差异也可以从我们各自所怀的忧虑中显示出来。 The contrast between our two cultures can be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. ⑩ 如果我们是在帮助学生培养一种生活方式，我们的教学方法就应该是多种多样的。 (provided 引导条件状语从句) Provided we are preparing our students for a way of life, our teaching methods should be varied. 5. Read the following passage, then do the multiple choice questions . In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans

expected to find.In most Japanese preschools surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic nstr d 21 American preschool teachers,child development specialists,and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhooc education.Only2 percent of the Japanese respondents(答间卷者)listed"to give children a good start academically"as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools.In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices.To prepare children for successful careers infirst grade and beyond.Japane se schools do not teach writing.and mathematics,but rather skills such as persistence,concentration,and the ability to function as a member of a group.The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents. In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education 91 percent of Japanese providing children with a goup experience as one of their top three on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education. Like in Amrica there is diversity in Japanese early childhood education.Some Japanese kindergartens have specificaims. s early mu ning orpotential de lop nent.In kindergartensare that and hoo Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program.it will increase the children's chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities.Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the We learn from thefirst paragrap that many Americans believe A Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents B.Japan's economic success is a result of its scientific achievements C.Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction D.Japan's higher education is supe ior to theirs 2. Most Am A.problem solving B.group experience C.parental guidance D.individually-oriented development 3.In Japan's preschool education,the focus is on_ b developing children's artistic interests D sha hildren's cha acter 4.Free play has been introduced insome A.broaden children's horizon B.cultivate children's creativity C.lighten children's study load D.enrich children's knowledge 5.Why de some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens A.They can do better in their future studies. B.They can C.They can be individually oriented when they grow up D.They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education. Key:CBDCD

8 expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents (答问卷者) listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents. In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. Sixty-two percent of the more individually-oriented (强 调个性发展的) Americans listed group experience as one of their top three choices. An emphasis on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education. Like in America, there is diversity in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens. 1. We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe_. A. Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents B. Japan’s economic success is a result of its scientific achievements C. Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction D. Japan’s higher education is superior to theirs 2. Most Americans surveyed believe that preschools should also attach importance to_. A. problem solving B. group experience C. parental guidance D. individually-oriented development 3. In Japan’s preschool education, the focus is on _. A. preparing children academically B. developing children’s artistic interests C. tapping children’s potential D. shaping children’s character 4. Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to _. A. broaden children’s horizon B. cultivate children’s creativity C. lighten children’s study load D. enrich children’s knowledge 5. Why de some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens? A. They can do better in their future studies. B. They can accumulate more group experience there. C. They can be individually oriented when they grow up. D. They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education. Key: C B D C D

Step4 Writing .仅凭学习成绩的好坏来评价学生在一些中小学十分普遍 2.这样做的害处. 3.应该怎样评价学生。 Section B Cultural Differences in Western and Japanese Decision-Making Step 1 Reading Skills Leam the reading skills for reading for predicting an author's ideas on Page 78. Step2 Detailed Study of Section B L Te Und Main idea of the text This passage is mainly about the cultural differences in western and Japanese decision-making including the Japanese's: "You-to-you"approach to a problem Con susopin - ve harmony Perspective on time Reaction before and after a decision is made Commitment and sense of responsibility One of the techniques toextend the ideas is making comparisn in details 1.(Paras 1-3)We differ in the decision-making approach What is the most important thing in Japan?What can it explain? Key: It is important which organization you work for It explains the greater job stability in Japan 2.(Paras.4-12)Let me try to describe threer four characteristics of the Japanese (L11) 1).I to You VS You to You Westerners:present arguments from their own point of view,sometimes set up Japanese: and achieve harmony 2).Consensus Opinion VS Bottom-up Direction Westerners:proceed mostly from top management and often do not consult middle management or the worker Japanes travel upward though an organization and have an impact on the eventual decision 3)Western Communication Style VS Japanese Communication Style Westerners:deadline approach Japanese:thorough job approach

9 Step 4 Writing How to Evaluate Students 1. 仅凭学习成绩的好坏来评价学生在一些中小学十分普遍。 2. 这样做的害处。 3. 应该怎样评价学生。 Section B Cultural Differences in Western and Japanese Decision-Making Step 1 Reading Skills Learn the reading skills for reading for predicting an author’s ideas on Page 78. Step 2 Detailed Study of Section B I. Text Understanding Main idea of the text: This passage is mainly about the cultural differences in western and Japanese decision-making including the Japanese's: “You-to-you “ approach to a problem “Consensus opinion” &“bottom-up direction” Style of communication: to achieve harmony Perspective on time Reaction before and after a decision is made Commitment and sense of responsibility One of the techniques to extend the ideas is making comparison in details. 1．（Paras.1-3）We differ in the decision-making approach. What is the most important thing in Japan? What can it explain? Key: It is important which organization you work for. It explains the greater job stability in Japan, in contrast to the great job mobility in America. 2. (Paras.4-12) Let me try to describe three or four characteristics of the Japanese environment . (L11) 1). I to You VS You to You Westerners: present arguments from their own point of view; sometimes set up confrontation. Japanese: try to understand the other person’s point of view; try to reduce confrontation and achieve harmony. 2). Consensus Opinion VS Bottom-up Direction Westerners: proceed mostly from top management and often do not consult middle management or the worker. Japanese: travel upward through an organization and have an impact on the eventual decision. 3) Western Communication Style VS Japanese Communication Style Westerners: deadline approach Japanese: thorough job approach

Westerners:specific decision Japanese:broad directior Westerners:take time for in-depth planning Japanese:move forward,implement the decision 3.(Paras.13-17)There is a commitment and sense of responsibility which have not yet been discarded in this age of machines (147) 1)Nomura Securities:manage to escape the paper traffic jam;most insist on staying until the job is done. 2)Matsushita:become the manager of the sales department.willing to help. 3)Nomuracompany:payback for workers'loyalty and commitment. Language Points 1.complex:a.made up of several conected parts and often difficult to understand complicated复杂的 问题如此复杂时，不能指望有简单的解决方法。 You can't expect to find a simple solution when the problem is so complex 2.come to grips with:start dealing with(a problem,etc.)in an effective way着手解决问题 政府还在努力解决通货膨胀的问题， The government is still trying to come to grips with inflation 3.extreme:a.very great in degree极端的，极度的 n.the largest possible amount or degree of something 1).在农村仍然有许多人处于极度贫困的境界。 Extreme poverty still exists in many rural areas. 2).他有时吃得很多，而有时又什么也不吃；他从一个极端走向另一个极端。 Sometimes he eats enormous amounts and sometimes nothing He goes from one extreme to the other 4.stability:n.the condition of being strong,steady and not changing Family members:stable:a.急定的 stabilize:v(使)稳定 stabilization:n.稳定 经历了这么多变化，我们现在需要一个安定期。 After so much change we now need a period of stability. 5.superior:a)better than usual or than sb.or sth.clse优秀的，上好的，出众的

10 Westerners: specific decision Japanese: broad direction Westerners: take time for in-depth planning. Japanese: move forward, implement the decision 3. (Paras.13-17) There is a commitment and sense of responsibility which have not yet been discarded in this age of machines. (L47) Examples are given to illustrate the idea 1) Nomura Securities: manage to escape the paper traffic jam; most insist on staying until the job is done. 2) Matsushita: become the manager of the sales department; willing to help. 3) Nomura company: payback for workers’ loyalty and commitment. II Language Points 1. complex: a. made up of several connected parts and often difficult to understand; complicated 复杂的 .问题如此复杂时，不能指望有简单的解决方法 。 . You can’t expect to find a simple solution when the problem is so complex. 2. come to grips with: start dealing with (a problem, etc.) in an effective way 着手解决问题 . 政府还在努力解决通货膨胀的问题。 . The government is still trying to come to grips with inflation. 3. extreme: a. very great in degree 极端的, 极度的 n. the largest possible amount or degree of something 极端 1). 在农村仍然有许多人处于极度贫困的境界。 Extreme poverty still exists in many rural areas. 2). 他有时吃得很多，而有时又什么也不吃；他从一个极端走向另一个极端。 Sometimes he eats enormous amounts and sometimes nothing. He goes from one extreme to the other. 4. stability: n. the condition of being strong, steady and not changing 稳定性 Family members: stable: a. 稳定的 stabilize: v. (使) 稳定 stabilization: n. 稳定 stabilizer: n. 稳定器 经历了这么多变化，我们现在需要一个安定期。 After so much change we now need a period of stability. 5. superior: a. 1) better than usual or than sb. or sth. else 优秀的, 上好的, 出众的