大连医科大学：《组织胚胎学》课程教学课件（英文讲稿）09.Immune system

ImmuneSystem

Immune System 1

lymphatic organs,lymphatictissue,andimmune cells (lymphocytes, granulocytes,MPS and APC)immune reactions (innate or adaptive)Antigen, Antibody, MHC*Function:i.immunologic defence functionii.immune surveillance functionili.immunehomeostasis2

lymphatic organs, lymphatic tissue, and immune cells (lymphocytes, granulocytes, MPS and APC) immune reactions (innate or adaptive) 2 Antigen, Antibody, MHC *Function: i. immunologic defence function ii. immune surveillance function iii. immune homeostasis

I.Immune cellsi.###Lymphocytes###Divided into3types based onthe surfaceantigens.A. Thymus dependent lymphocytes (T cells): originate inbonemarrowInitial TtellAgand maturein thymusEffectorMemory TCTC (1(years)Week)ThTccell-mediateTsimmunekill target cell3responsesdirectlv

I. Immune cells i. ### Lymphocytes ### Divided into 3 types based on the surface antigens. A. Thymus dependent lymphocytes (T cells): originate in bone marrow and mature in thymus Initial T cellsAg 3 in thymus Effector TC (1 week) Memory TC (years) Th Tc Ts kill target cell directly cell-mediate immune responses

TheTCell Immune DefenseMHCproteinProcessedMviral antigenVirusInterleukin-1MHelperT cellTcellreceptorthat fits theMacrophageInterleukin-2particularantigenMHCproteinViralantigenAntigen-presentingcellProliferationInfectedcelldestroyedbyCytotoxic T cellcytotoxicTcell

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B.Bonemarrowdependentlymphocytes(Bcells):originate and mature inthe bone marrowInitial BcellAgPlasma cellsMemory BCAb→ Ab + Ag, eliminate Aghumoralimmuneresponses5

B. Bone marrow dependent lymphocytes (B cells): originate and mature in the bone marrow Initial B cells Plasma cells Ag 5 Memory BC Ab Ab + Ag, eliminate Ag humoral immune responses

The B Cell Immune DefenseInterleukin-1ANInvadingmicrobeHelperT cellTcellMemorycellreceptor-MHCproteinAntigerProcessedantigenMacrophageHelper T cellProcessedPlasmacellPlasmacellantigen:lnterleukin-2cell-1B cell receptor(antibody)BcellAntibody-Microbemarkedfordestruction

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C.NK cell （natural killer)ActionofNaturalKillerCellonTarget CellKiller cellPerforinVesicleCellmembraneTarget cellNucleus

C. NK cell（natural killer） 7

### ii.Mononuclear phagocyte system(ornposed of the cells that are derived frommonocytes in blood and as meanwhile have highcapabilitytophagocytosebloodmonocyteCT,lymphoid Tmacrophagelungdust cellliverKupffer cellbonetissueosteoclastnervetissuemicrogliaepidermisLangerhans cell8

 ### ii. Mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS)### blood monocyte CT,lymphoid T macrophage lung dust cell Composed of the cells that are derived from monocytes in blood and as meanwhile have high capability to phagocytose. 8 lung dust cell liver Kupffer cell bone tissue osteoclast nerve tissue microglia epidermis Langerhans cell

###ili.Antigen-presentingcells(APC)###HowAntigens Are Presented-MHCproteincaptureAntigenprocessantigeh-presentMHC-IIBody cellForeignmicrobeProcessedAg-MHCll co.antigenmacrophagesurfacAntigen-presenting cellTlymphocytes9

capture process antigen present  ### iii. Antigen-presenting cells (APC)### 9 present MHC-II Ag-MHCII co. macrophage surface T lymphocytes immune

Constitution:a. dendritic cell:·Blood DC·Langerhans cellinterstitialcellveiledcell·interdigitating cellfollicular dendriticcellsb.macrophage:10MPS

Constitution: a. dendritic cell: •Blood DC •Langerhans cell •interstitial cell 10 •veiled cell •interdigitating cell follicular dendritic cells b. macrophage: MPS