大连医科大学：《组织胚胎学》课程教学课件（英文讲稿）07.Nerve tissue

Nerve tissueNerve tissue

Nerve tissue ve tissue ve tissue N erv e t i s s u e

ContentsNeurogliaNeurogliain CNSNeuroglia in PNSNerveFibersMyelinated nerve fibers in PNSMyelinatednerve fibers in CNSNerve endingsSensory endingsMotor endings

 Neuroglia in CNS  Neuroglia in PNS Contents  Sensory endings Sensory endings  Myelinated nerve fibers in PNS  Myelinated nerve fibers in CNS  Motor endings endings Neuroglia Nerve Fibers Nerve endings

Nerve tissue-review神经胶质细胞Made up of 2typesof cells:neuroglia cellneurons:structural andfunctionalunit神经元neuronneuroglia,supporting,protectingandnourishingneuroncell bodyneucleusneuronmembranscytoplasmNisslebodiesdendriteprocessaxonAxolemma;axoplasm;hillockaxonterminal(synapses)presynapticelementsynapticvesiclessynapsessynaptic cleft:postsynapticelement:receptorsandionicchanne

Made up of 2 types of cells: neurons: structural and functional unit neuroglia;supporting, protecting and nourishing neuron neuron cell body cell body neucleus neucleus membrans membrans cytoplasm Nissle bodies Nissle bodies process process dendrite dendrite axon Axolemma; axoplasm; hillock Axolemma; axoplasm; hillock axon terminal (synapses) axon terminal (synapses) synapses synapses presynaptic element synaptic vesicles synaptic vesicles synaptic cleft: synaptic cleft postsynaptic element: postsynaptic element receptors and ionic channe receptors and ionic channe Nerve tissue - review

NeurogliaA.General features1. More than neurons by 5-10 times;2. With processes, but notconduct impulses;3.Only nucleiseen withNissl stains. Silver stainingshowsprocesses andcytoplasm;4. Can divide after birth;glioma

A. General features 1. More than neurons by 5 -10 times; 2. With processes, but not conduct impulses; 3. Only nuclei seen with Nissl stains. Silver staining shows processes and cytoplasm; 4. Can divide after birth; glioma Neuroglia

GFAPimmunoractiveastrocyteNeuroglia in CNS1)AstrocytesMost numerous;oval, pale stainingprocessessomanucleus;Many processes:fibrous and protoplasmic;Glial filaments (GFAP):glial fibrillary acid proteinSupport&separateneurons,repair,etc;Helptoformbloodbrainbarrier

1) Astrocytes • Most numerous; oval, pale staining nucleus; • Many processes: fibrous and protoplasmic; • Glial filaments (GFAP); glial fibrillary acid protein • Support & separate neurons, repair,etc;  Neuroglia in CNS Help to form blood brain barrier

Blood-brainbarrierendothelial cells with tight junctionscontinuousbasal laminavascularfeet of astrocyteprocessesX

Blood-brain barrier endothelial cells with tight junctions continuous basal lamina vascular feet of astrocyte processes

ClassificationFibrous astrocyte: locate in white matter, with few longprocesses,moreglialfilamentsProtoplasmic astrocyte: locate in gray matter, with shortbranchedprocesses,fewglial filamentsPerivascularBloodfootvesselProtoplasmicFibrousastrocyteastrocyte

Fibrous astrocyte: locate in white matter, with few long processes, more glial filaments Protoplasmic astrocyte: locate in gray matter, with short branched processes, few glial filaments Classification

2)OligodendrocytesMorphologySmallerwithadark-staining nucleus;fewerand shorterprocessesFunction:Formingmyelin sheatharoundaxonsinthecentral neversysterm

2) Oligodendrocytes Morphology Smaller with a dark￾staining nucleus; fewer and shorter processes Function: Forming myelin sheath around axons in the central never systerm

3)MicrogliaAstrocyte/MicrogliaSmallest withairregulardark stained nucleiPhagocytic;Derivedfrom.monocytes(MPS)

3) Microglia Smallest with a irregular dark stained nuclei Phagocytic; Derived from monocytes (MPS) Astrocyte / Microglia

4)Ependymalcellscolumnarorcuboidalepitheloid cells;Location:(a)liningventricles ofbrainandcentralcanal of spinal cord.K50398

4) Ependymal cells columnar or cuboidal epitheloid cells; Location: lining ventricles of brain and central canal of spinal cord