当代中国系列课程：中国人口结构转型（PPT课件讲稿）Demographic Transition in China

General Cann Gmn in Ene的h 英语讲投通识类课程 Social Economic Development China Today 当代中国“系列课程 Demographic transition in China

Understanding a Development Miracle Demographic Transition in China Social Economic Development

China has a huge population, but a weak economic foundation with relatively inadequate resources per capita. These are its e basic national conditions. Many contradictions and problems in China's economic and social development are closely associate. with the issue of population, which has become the key factor and primary problem restricting China's economic and social development ●●●●●●●● what should we pay attention to when we discuss the population and economic growth in China? ●●●●

China has a huge population, but a weak economic foundation with relatively inadequate resources per capita. These are its basic national conditions. Many contradictions and problems in China's economic and social development are closely associated with the issue of population, which has become the key factor and primary problem restricting China's economic and social development. what should we pay attention to when we discuss the population and economic growth in China?

Basic Statistics on National Population Census in 1953,1964,1981,1990,2000,2010 item 195319641981199020002010 Total population(mio0543569458110081811368126583137054 male 30799356525194458495653,556868 female 28636338064887454873612286528 Average family house hold size 4.33 4.43 4.41 3.96 344 3.10 Population by age group(%) 0-14 3628406933592769 22.891660% 15-64 59315537561.506617470.157460% 65 and over 4.41 3.56 4.91 5.57 6.96 8.8% Population by ethnicity (%) Han 93949424933291.9691.5991.51% Ethnic minorities 606576668804 841 84% Population by residence(%) urban population 18 21 26 36 49.68 rural population 87 82 79 74 64 50.32 Life expectancy (year old 67 68.55 7140725 male 662866846963NA female 6927704773.33NA

Basic Statistics on National Population Census in 1953,1964,1981,1990,2000,2010 item 1953 1964 1981 1990 2000 2010 Total population (million) 594.35 694.58 1008.18 1133.68 1265.83 1370.54 male 307.99 356.52 519.44 584.95 653.55 686.8 female 286.36 338.06 488.74 548.73 612.28 652.8 Average family household size 4.33 4.43 4.41 3.96 3.44 3.10 Population by age group(%) 0-14 36.28 40.69 33.59 27.69 22.89 16.60% 15-64 59.31 55.75 61.50 66.74 70.15 74.60% 65 and over 4.41 3.56 4.91 5.57 6.96 8.8% Population by ethnicity(%) Han 93.94 94.24 93.32 91.96 91.59 91.51% Ethnic Minorities 6.06 5.76 6.68 8.04 8.41 8.4% Population by residence(%) urban population 13 18 21 26 36 49.68 rural population 87 82 79 74 64 50.32 Life expectancy (year old) 67.77 68.55 71.40 72.5 male 66.28 66.84 69.63 NA female 69.27 70.47 73.33 NA

◆ Family Scale persons/household YEAR19519601961970198019851990199520002010 5 5 Person44745045547446143439737034413.10 A family of three(30.68%)and a family of two(24.17%) are the most important family forms in China in 2006 High fertility rate, low death rate, high growth rate Low fertility rate, low death rate, low growth rate

◆ Family Scale persons /household A family of three (30.68%) and a family of two(24.17%) are the most important family forms in China in 2006. “ High fertility rate, low death rate, high growth rate” “Low fertility rate, low death rate, low growth rate” YEAR 195 5 1960 196 5 1970 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2010 Person s 4.47 4.50 4.55 4.74 4.61 4.34 3.97 3.70 3.44 3.10

25.00 20.00 出生率 Birth rate 15.00 10.00 :,一死亡率De eath rate 一自然增长率 Natural 5.00 Growth rate 0.00 Birth Rate, Death Rate and Natural Growth Rate of populationin China

Birth Rate, Death Rate and Natural Growth Rate of Population in China 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 出生率 Birth Rate 死亡率 Death Rate 自然增长率 Natural Growth Rate

international comparison of total fertility rate Time World Developed DevelopingChina countries countries 1950-1955 5.02 2.84 6.17 6.22 1955-1960 4.96 2.82 602 5.59 1960-1965 4.97 2.69 6.03 5.72 1965-1970 4.91 2.37 6.02 6.06 1970-1975 4.49 2.12 544 4.86 1975-1980 4.65 3.32 1980-1985 3.58 1.85 4.15 2.55 1985-1990 3.38 1.83 3.84 2.46 1990-1995 3.04 168 341 192 1995-2000 2.79 155 3.10 1.78 2000-2005 2.65 1.56 2.90 1.70 2005-2010 2.55 1.59 2.75 1.74

international comparison of total fertility rate Time World Developed countries Developing countries China 1950-1955 5.02 2.84 6.17 6.22 1955-1960 4.96 2.82 6.02 5.59 1960-1965 4.97 2.69 6.03 5.72 1965-1970 4.91 2.37 6.02 6.06 1970-1975 4.49 2.12 5.44 4.86 1975-1980 3.92 1.91 4.65 3.32 1980-1985 3.58 1.85 4.15 2.55 1985-1990 3.38 1.83 3.84 2.46 1990-1995 3.04 1.68 3.41 1.92 1995-2000 2.79 1.55 3.10 1.78 2000-2005 2.65 1.56 2.90 1.70 2005-2010 2.55 1.59 2.75 1.74

● Honor mother Woman has more than 10 children in 1950s the more sons, the more happiness Chairman MAo said: Many hands make light work

⚫ Honor Mother Woman has more than 10 children in 1950s. "the more sons, the more happiness" Chairman MAO said: Many hands make light work

●●0●● ●●0 ●。● o Family Plan: basic state policy to carry out family planning and population control and to improve the life quality of the population from 1979 “ Late marriage, Later Childbearing” “ One Family, One child” policy has been restricted ethnic Han Chinese living in urban areas. Citizens living in rural areas and minorities living in China are not subject to the law. The policy has prevented 250 million births from its implementation to 2000 ●●●0●●

⚫ Family Plan: basic state policy to carry out family planning and population control and to improve the life quality of the population from 1979. “Late Marriage, Later Childbearing” “One Family, One Child”policy has been restricted to ethnic Han Chinese living in urban areas. Citizens living in rural areas and minorities living in China are not subject to the law. The policy has prevented 250 million births from its implementation to 2000

●●0●● ●●0 ●。● Now that millions of sibling-less people in China are now young adults in or nearing their child-bearing years,a special provision allows millions of couples to have two children legally. If a couple is composed of two people without siblings, then they may have two children of their own, thus preventing too dramatic of a population decrease What's your opinion about family plan in China?: ●●●0●●

Now that millions of sibling-less people in China are now young adults in or nearing their child-bearing years, a special provision allows millions of couples to have two children legally. If a couple is composed of two people without siblings, then they may have two children of their own, thus preventing too dramatic of a population decrease. What ‘s your opinion about family plan in China?

●●0●● ●●0 ●。● Question what is your opinion about the impact of family scale on Chinese economic growth? (1)family scale and consumption 2)family scale and education (3 family scale and elderly supporting ●●●0●●

Question: what is your opinion about the impact of family scale on Chinese economic growth? (1) family scale and consumption (2) family scale and education (3) family scale and elderly supporting